Jean-Baptiste Corbineau

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Jean-Baptiste Corbineau

Jean-Baptiste Juvénal Corbineau , called Jean-Baptiste Corbineau (born August 1, 1776 in Marchiennes , † December 18, 1848 in Paris ) was a French general de division of the cavalry .

Life

Corbineau was the second son of the officer Jean-Charles Corbineau; the cavalry officers Claude (1772-1807) and Hercule Corbineau (1780-1823) were his brothers. The three brothers were given the name "Les trois Horaces" very early in their military career - after the mythical triplets from the Horatians - and this name has remained with them to this day.

At the age of sixteen, Corbineau joined the army as a volunteer in 1792 and distinguished himself through bravery in the Revolutionary Wars . After several promotions, he served in the rank of lieutenant-adjudant-major under his brother Claude. When the latter fell in the Battle of Preussisch Eylau (February 7th / 8th, 1807), Corbineau fought nearby.

Corbineau was wounded in the Battle of Wagram (July 5/6, 1809), but was able to be used in the Napoleonic War in Spain that same year . Under the leadership of Maréchal de France Nicolas Jean-de-Dieu Soult he fought a. a. at Ocaña (October 19, 1809) and in 1810 served as military governor of Grenada .

When Napoleon was planning his Russian campaign in 1812 , Corbineau volunteered. In the battles at Kljastizy (July 28 / August 1, 1812), Borodino (September 7, 1812) and at the Beresina (November 26/28, 1812) he was again able to distinguish himself through bravery.

In the Battle of Kulm (August 29/30, 1813), Corbineau fought near General Dominique Joseph Vandamme , but could not come to his aid when he was captured by Russian troops on the second day of the battle.

After the Battle of Paris (March 30, 1814) and the abdication of Napoleon (→ Treaty of Fontainebleau ), Corbineau turned to the Bourbons and King Louis XVIII. to. When Napoleon left the island of Elba and his reign of the Hundred Days began, Corbineau rejoined the emperor and became Napoleon's aide-de-camp member of his staff.

After the Battle of Waterloo (June 18, 1815), Corbineau was again part of King Louis XVIII. Even his successor, Charles X and Louis-Philippe I , he supported. At the beginning of August 1840, Napoleon III. a second attempt to seize power in France. With some companions he left his exile in England and returned to France. When he went ashore on August 6, 1840 in Boulogne-sur-Mer , he was arrested on behalf of King Louis-Philippe I of Corbineau.

When the Second French Republic was constituted after the February Revolution and Napoleon II won the presidential elections on February 25, 1848, Corbineau was no longer interested in politics. He lived in seclusion as the last of the "trois Horaces" in Paris. Corbineau died in Paris on December 18, 1848 at the age of 72 and was buried in the cemetery of Champagne-sur-Oise ( Département Val-d'Oise ).

Honors

literature

  • David G. Chandler : The campaigns of Napoleon . Weidenfeld, London 1993, ISBN 0-297-81367-6 (reprint of the London 1966 edition).
  • Charles Mullié: Biography of the célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850 . Pougnavant, Paris 1851 (2 vol.).
  • Stephen Pope: The Cassell dictionary of the Napoleonic Wars . Cassell, London 1999, ISBN 0-304-35229-2 .
  • Fernand de Wissocq: Trois soldiers . Constant, Juvénal and Hercule Corbineau . Orphelins-Apprentis d'Auteuil, Paris 1904.

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