Jean-Louis Petit (medic)

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Jean-Louis Petit

Jean-Louis Petit (born March 13, 1674 in Paris , † April 20, 1750 there ) was a French surgeon and anatomist . He taught alongside Henry François Le Dran at the Académie royale de Chirurgie in Paris and is considered to be the inventor of the tourniquet , for which he developed a special device.

At the age of twelve, Petit had already acquired anatomical knowledge in courses from Alexis Littré , for whom he also worked as a prosector and tutor. In 1690 he studied surgery at the Hôpital de la Charité , where Georges Mareschal was his academic teacher.

After serving in the army from 1692 onwards, Petit was appointed Magister, maîtrise for surgery in Paris in 1700 and gave private lessons in anatomy and surgery. In 1715 he became a member of the Académie royale des sciences . With the establishment of the Académie royale de Chirurgie, Petit was by Louis XV. appointed its director.

Jean-Louis Petit was the author of a treatise on bone diseases ( L'Art de guérir les maladies des os ), in which he described the treatment of dislocations and fractures using a new machine. For twelve years he worked on a work on surgical diseases ( Traité des maladies chirurgicales et des opérations qui leur conviennent ) which, however, was not completed and published until 1790 by François Dominique Lesné .

The lumbar trigonum is also called the Petit triangle according to Petit .

Jean-Louis Petit was the first to completely describe epidural bleeding with its symptom-free interval and its treatment by trepanation . He also presented the first concept for the surgical treatment of breast cancer , which, however, was only published 24 years after his death.

Works

  • Joh. Ludewig Petit: Treatise of the diseases of those bones on the human body . Ambrosius Haude, 1743 ( full text in the Google book search).
  • Traité des maladies chirurgicales et des opérations qui leur conviennent. Ouvrage posthumously de MJL Petit. Fr. Didot le jeune, Paris 1774

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Petit, Jean Louis. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , pp. 1129 f .; here: p. 1129.
  2. ↑ Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Petit, Jean Louis. 2005, p. 1129.
  3. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter P. Académie des sciences, accessed on February 2, 2020 (French).
  4. ^ A. Louis: Excerpts from the eulogy of Jean-Louis Petit presented during the public session of the Royal Academy of Surgery on May 26, 1750 by A. Louis. Ann Chir 126 (2001), PMID 11447802
  5. ↑ Manfred Kaufmann , Ismail Jatoi, Jean Petit: Atlas of breast surgery . Springer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 3-540-48881-2 ( full text in the Google book search).
personal data
SURNAME Petit, Jean-Louis
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French surgeon and anatomist
DATE OF BIRTH March 13, 1674
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH April 20, 1750
Place of death Paris