Jean Baptiste Antoine Suard
Jean Baptiste Antoine Suard , also known by the pseudonym Desfontaines or by the initials ADF (born January 15, 1732 in Besançon , † July 20, 1817 in Paris ) was a French journalist and author .
Live and act
Jean Baptiste Antoine Suard was the son of a university secretary from Besançon, Maître écrivain et secrétaire de l'Université Edme Suard. His mother was born Charlotte Deschambaux. In his youth he was arrested and deported to the Iles Sainte-Marguerite after being denounced by a witness. Suard killed an officer, a nephew of the Minister of War , in a duel . He was released from internment after only eighteen months.
At the age of twenty, Suard came to Paris and was accepted into the company of Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin . He also got to know Guillaume Thomas François Raynal , who later protested in Paris and, for example, placed him as a tutor in wealthy circles.
In 1754 he published the Journal étranger in collaboration with Abbé Arnaud (1721–1784), Antoine-François Prévost and the lawyer Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Gerbier (1725–1788) . He continued this journal under the same title with Abbé Arnaud until 1764, and then for two more years under the title Gazette littéraire de l'Europe .
From 1762 on he wrote for the Gazette de France , which the Duke Étienne-François de Choiseul had entrusted to the Abbé Arnaud. This improved his income to 10,000 livres per year. He lost this job in 1771 and so Suard received a bridging benefit of 2500 livres from the French mathematician and encyclopaedist Jean-Baptiste le Rond d'Alembert .
He was elected a member of the Académie française in 1772 , Fauteuil N ° 26. But his election was made by King Louis XV. annulled. Two years later on May 26, 1774, he was re-admitted and Jean-Baptiste Louis Gresset gave the ceremonial address on August 4th. In his acceptance speech, he paid tribute to philosophy and referred to the critical discourse with Jean-Jacques Lefranc de Pompignan .
When the French Revolution broke out and the progress of developments threatened the Académie française, Suard stood up for its defense; thus he bravely responded to the attacks by Sébastien-Roch Nicolas de Chamfort . During the times of the Great Terror , he retired to his home in Fontenay-aux-Roses . On January 16, 1766, he married Marie Amilie Suard (1750-1830), the sister of the editor Charles-Joseph Panckoucke . She was an educated woman, femme de lettres . She had been a close friend of Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet , since her youth , and she also corresponded regularly with Voltaire . Every Tuesday and Saturday of the week she ran a literary salon . Regular visitors were u. a. the young Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord , Abbé Raynal, the brothers André Chénier and Marie-Joseph Chénier , both of Daniel-Charles Trudaine (1703–1769), Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont and of course Condorcet himself. 1805 he became elected as an external member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . Since 1808 he was also a foreign member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .
After his death he was buried in the Paris Père Lachaise Cemetery , 11th Division.
Works
- Lettre écrite de l'autre monde, par l'ADF ( Pierre François Guyot Desfontaines ) à F. ( Élie Catherine Fréron ). (1754)
- Lettres critiques. 1758 writing against the Mémoires de Trévoux and the Journal des savants
- Variétés littéraires ou recueils de pièces, tant originales que traduites. Together with Abbé Arnaud , (1768–1769), 4 vol.
- Discours impartial sur les affaires actuelles de la librairie. (1777)
- Lettres de l'anonyme de Vaugirard sur Christoph Willibald Gluck et Niccolò Piccinni , en faveur de ce dernier.
- Archives Littéraires de l'Europe or Mélanges de littérature. (1803-1805), 5 vol.
- De la liberté de la presse. (1814)
Web links
- Literature by and about Jean Baptiste Antoine Suard in the SUDOC catalog (Association of French University Libraries)
- Short biography and list of works of the Académie française (French)
- www.1789-1815.com, biography of A. Suard
Individual evidence
- ^ Académie française
- ↑ Family genealogy
- ↑ Dictionnaire des journalistes. (1600-1789). Accueil 759, online in French
- ↑ Ecrivains-poètes-litterateurs-Académiciens SUARD Jean Baptiste Antoine (1732-1817) 11eme division (1ere ligne, X, 19) Mardi 13 juin 2006
- ^ Robert Darnton: Literati in the underground. Reading, writing and publishing in pre-revolutionary France. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, Vienna, 1985 ISBN 3-446-13828-5 p. 13 f.
- ^ Robert Darnton: Literati in the underground. Reading, writing and publishing in pre-revolutionary France. Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, Vienna, 1985 ISBN 3-446-13828-5 p. 15
- ↑ Family genealogy
- ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 237.
- ↑ Illustration of his grave
- ↑ Biography and Tomb, in French, online
- ↑ Digitized version accessed on December 11, 2013.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Suard, Jean Baptiste Antoine |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Desfontaines (pseudonym) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French journalist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 15, 1732 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Besançon |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 20, 1817 |
| Place of death | Paris |