Trévoux

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Trévoux
Coat of arms of Trévoux
Trévoux (France)
Trévoux
region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Department Ain
Arrondissement Bourg-en-Bresse
Canton Trévoux
Community association Dombes Saône Vallée
Coordinates 45 ° 56 '  N , 4 ° 47'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 56 '  N , 4 ° 47'  E
height 167-256 m
surface 5.71 km 2
Residents 6,845 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 1,199 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 01600
INSEE code 01427
Website www.mairie-trevoux.fr

town hall

Trévoux is a French commune in the region of Auvergne Rhône-Alpes in the department of Ain . It is assigned to the canton of Trévoux and the arrondissement of Bourg-en-Bresse .

geography

The medieval town with 6,845 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) is located on the western edge of the Ain department, on the border with the Rhône department , on the right bank of the Saône , on a steep cone of rubble around 20 kilometers north of Lyon .

history

In 843 the Treaty of Verdun divided Charlemagne's empire . The Saône formed a natural border between the Kingdom of France in the west and the Roman-German Empire in the east, to which Trévoux now also belonged as a border town. Since the 13th century, the city benefited from a road toll , which the sailors of the Saône had to pay. At the end of the 14th century Trévoux was fortified with a castle and a city wall and in 1400 it was made the capital of the rule of Dombes . While Duke Amadeus VIII of Savoy had the Talmud burned in the Savoyard capital of Chambéry in January 1417 , the Lord of Trévoux expressly allowed his Jewish subjects to study this sacred work on June 30, 1417.

In 1523 the rule of Dombes - although the province was actually part of the Roman-German Empire - was withdrawn by the French King Francis I with the establishment of a parliament in Lyon . In 1560 the Dombes fiefdom was given to the House of Bourbon and Trévoux was the flourishing capital of the Principality of Dombes ( Principauté de Dombes ). On December 12, 1696, the Parlement de Dombes was moved from Lyon to Trévoux. In the 18th century, the city was known for the reference work Le Dictionnaire et les Mémoires der Trévoux published by the Jesuit order . Under Louis XV. the Dombes finally fell to the French crown in 1762.

Trévoux was one of the sub-prefectures of the Ain département from 1790 to 1926 .

Population development

The population of Trévoux since the Second World War has been significant. The increase between 1946 and 2008 was 129%; in France it was only 54% in the same period.

year 1936 1946 1954 ! 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2008 2016
Residents 3,004 2,961 3,229 3,594 4.231 4,583 4,982 6.092 6,392 6,768 6,849

Attractions

Castle

Main tower of the château
Fort south tower of the château

The ruins of the castle Château fort de Trévoux from the 13th and 14th centuries still tower high above the city. What has been preserved is a triangular courtyard, which is surrounded by a wall, which has lost about a quarter of its original height over time. A fortification tower rises up at every corner of the courtyard. The main tower in the west, made of typical local Pierres dorées (limestone that shimmers golden thanks to its iron oxide content), dates to the end of the 13th century and has an octagonal floor plan. The horseshoe-shaped north tower and the circular south tower date from the years 1350-1360. The fortification wall that led from the main tower to the old town center can still be seen today. With the end of the Middle Ages, the fortress quickly lost its importance and was only occasionally maintained. It suffered severe damage in 1563 during an attack by the Protestants in the First Huguenot War , and afterwards it was probably no longer used. Reports suggest that the defense system was in ruins by the end of the 17th century. During the turmoil of the revolution , it was considered a symbol of the Ancien Régime and was therefore the target of the angry mob : the top two floors of the main tower were torn down in 1794. The complex has been a listed building since 1913 and thanks to its location it also offers visitors an impressive panoramic view of the Saône valley, the Dombes, the Beaujolais and the Monts d'Or , a small mountain range southwest of Lyon.

Parlement

The Parlement de Dombes de Trévoux is a building with a rich interior from the early 18th century. The parliament was founded in Lyon in 1523 by French King Francis I and moved to Trévoux in 1696 by Louis Auguste de Bourbon , Duke of Maine . Claude Cachet de Montézan and his son Benoît were given the task of building an adequate building outside the city walls. The official inauguration took place in 1703, although the completion of the building was delayed. The frescoes created by Pierre Paul Sevin de Tournon and the decorative wooden paneling on the walls and ceilings are remarkable . The interior of the auditorium has been a listed building since 1920 and that of the entrance hall since 1991. When the Dombes were annexed to France in 1762, the building lost its original function. It is used today by the local civil court and the tax authorities .

Further facility
  • The Château de Corcelles was converted into a hunting lodge in 1840 and has been a listed building since 1996. The Salon à l'italienne with its hunting pictures is remarkable .
  • The castle Château de Fétan was built between 1622 and 1623 . It has been a listed building since 1973 and impresses with its spatial effect and its roofing.
  • The Hôtel du gouverneur des Dombes is now used as a courthouse. It has been a listed building since 1933 because of its main portal ( Porte cochère ).
  • The Maison Anginieur on Rue du Gouvernement has been a listed building since 1933.
  • The Maison Guerrier on Rue du Port has been a listed building since 1933.
  • The Maison des Sires de Villars at 33, Rue du Gouvernement has been a listed building since 1991.
  • A permanent exhibition in the local tourist office ( Office de tourisme Trévoux Saône Vallée ) shows an exhibition on the craft of wire-drawing and the production of drawing iron . Trévoux used to be a center for the production of gold and silver wire for jewelry . After the Dombes was annexed by France, the tax privileges in trading precious metals were also removed. The city then specialized in the production of so-called Filières en diamant, on which Trévoux had a quasi-monopoly until the Second World War. This tool is used to make high-precision holes in the drawing die, whereby the borer usually consists of a special steel alloy. Traditionally this borer was called “diamond” or “brilliant” by the craftsmen.
  • The Passerelle de Trévoux is a small suspension bridge over the Saône that connects Trévoux in the Ain department with Quincieux in the Rhône department. The 165-meter-long bridge is now reserved for pedestrians and two-wheelers. The inauguration took place on May 8, 1851 and until 1889 a toll was collected when crossing . In 1978, the planned demolition of the bridge failed due to resistance from the local population.
View of Trévoux. On the left the suspension bridge Passerelle de Trévoux over the Saône.

Personalities

See also

literature

  • Jean-François Jolibois: Histoire de la ville et du canton de Trévoux . Aimé Vingtrinier, Lyon, 1853. ( online in Google book search)

Web links

Commons : Trévoux  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Antoine-Charles-Nicolas de La Teyssonnière: Recherches historiques sur le département de l'Ain , Vol. 1, p. 107. Martin-Bottier, Lyon, 1844
  2. ↑ Château fort de Trévoux on ladombes.free.fr (French)
  3. ↑ The Parlement de Dombes in the French language Wikipedia
  4. ↑ Carl Friedrich Alexander Hartmann: Encyclopaedic Handbook of Machine and Factories , Vol. 2, p. 399. Carl Wilhelm Leske, Leipzig and Darmstadt, 1838.
  5. ↑ Passerelle de Trévoux. In: Structurae