Yelisaveta Shachatuni

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Elizabeth Awetowna Schachatuni ( Armenian Ելիզավետա Շահխաթունի , Russian Елизавета Аветовна Шахатуни ; born December 7 . Jul / 20th December  1911 greg. In Yerevan ; † 28. October 2011 in Kiev ) was a Soviet - Ukrainian aeronautical engineer and university teacher of Armenian origin.

Life

Schachat Unis father awetis Schachatunjan was a Transcaucasian politician and one of the ideologists of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation . Her mother was a teacher. After attending school, Shachatuni studied for two years at the engineering faculty of the University of Yerevan .

In 1930, Shachatuni entered the Moscow State Aviation Institute (MAI) , where she was immediately admitted to the second year course. She was active in the circle of glider pilots . After graduating in 1935, she began working in the aviation industry.

In 1937, Shachatuni became a weapons and equipment specialist at the Moscow Ilyushin aircraft plant . Because of her interest in strength calculations , she gave up the job after half a year and switched to a small civilian glider factory in Tuschino , where she worked until 1939. Chief designer there was Oleg Konstantinowitsch Antonow , who moved to the Moscow design office Yakovlev in 1938 .

When Antonov received the order in 1941 to organize glider production in a former tram factory in Kaunas , he brought Shachatuni, among others, to his design office. Before the start of the German-Soviet war , he married her second marriage. After the war began, the design office was evacuated to Moscow , and Shachatuni was employed in the Yakovlev design office, where she worked until 1945. During the war one was glider built and then a double-decker - towing aircraft for air transport armored vehicles. Schachatuni carried out the strength calculations for this.

After the war, Antonov became chief designer of the experimental design office OKB-153 in the Novosibirsk aircraft plant in 1946 , where he was supposed to build an aircraft for agriculture . The SChA-1 biplane, which was a forerunner of the Antonov An-2, was built in a short time . The strength calculations were carried out by the department headed by Shachatuni.

Soon the OKB-153, now managed by Antonov, which got its name after his death, was relocated to Kiev, where military transport and passenger aircraft were to be built. Schachatuni, who had meanwhile become a professor and doctorate in technical sciences, was in charge of the strength calculations . In 1955 the Antonov An-8 was ready (first flight 1956) and soon afterwards the An-10 (first flight 1957). Her greatest success was the calculation of the Antonov An-22 (first flight in 1965). After the development of the Lockheed C-5 (first flight in 1968) in the USA , an aircraft with even higher load capacity was required. In 1982 the first flight of the Antonov An-124 took place.

Shachatuni was also involved in the development of the Antonov An-14 , An-24 , An-26 , An-32 and others. It invented a welding and gluing process that significantly increased the service life of the aircraft .

In addition to her development work, Shachatuni taught at the Kiev Institute of Civil Aviation Engineers.

After an Armenian funeral service on October 30, 2011 and an Antonov funeral service on October 31, Shachatuni was buried with Armenian soil in the Berkovetsky Cemetery in Kiev .

Honors, prizes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Armenian Congregation Kiev: УМЕРЛА ЕЛИЗАВЕТА ШАХАТУНИ (accessed May 23, 2020).
  2. ↑ a b c d e Запас прочности Елизаветы Шахатуни (accessed May 23, 2020).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Скончалась авиаконструктор Елизавета Шахатуни (accessed May 23, 2020).
personal data
SURNAME Shachatuni, Yelisaveta
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Шахатуни, Елизавета Аветовна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet-Ukrainian aerospace engineer and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH December 20, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Yerevan
DATE OF DEATH October 28, 2011
Place of death Kiev