Antonov An-14

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Antonov An-14
An-14A East Germany (23246031732) .jpg
An-14 in the Dresden Army Museum (1990)
Type: Short Track - airliner
Design country:

Soviet Union 1955Soviet Union Soviet Union

Manufacturer:

Plant No. 116 Arsenyev

First flight:

March 15, 1958

Production time:

1965-1976

Number of pieces:

332

The Antonow An-14 Ptschjolka ( Russian Антонов Ан-14 Пчёлка , Nato code name Clod = German field floe ) is a Soviet passenger aircraft with two piston engines . It was developed as a twin-engine successor to the Antonov An-2 in the late 1950s . The machine has STOL properties and is not equipped with a pressurized cabin . Ptschjolka means little bee, alluding to the small size of the airplane.

history

The aim of the development was an aircraft for passenger and freight transport, agricultural use and for use as a flight ambulance . There should only be low demands on the pilot. The first flight took place on March 15, 1958. The aircraft was to be introduced to Aeroflot in 1959, but problems with the Antonov An-10 , which tied the entire development capacity at OKB Antonow , led to a delay in the project. There were also problems with the prototype .

The series model An-14A got different wings and a tail unit with a clear V-shape of the horizontal tail unit and a modified shape of the vertical tail unit. The loading door was located at the rear of the cabin and gave an opening of 0.85 m × 1.90 m. In 1965, production finally began at the state aircraft factory No. 166 in Arsenyev . In 1967 the type was presented at the Domodedovo air show .

The machine could carry seven passengers or 600 kg of cargo. A 1000-liter tank and corresponding spray bars were installed for use in agriculture. In the ambulance variant, six couches and one accompanying person could be transported. There was also a VIP variant for five passengers. There are other variants of the machine, such as the An-14B with a retractable landing gear or the An-14M with a turboprop drive , from which the Antonov An-28 emerged . The An-14M first flew in 1969 and had a longer fuselage and a high-lift wing. Its prototype was equipped with a retractable landing gear like the An-14B, but this was left out in the production models. Another unusual variant is the An-14Sch. With this version, an air cushion chassis for unpaved slopes was tested. The tests were successful, but the aerodynamic properties deteriorated and the payload sank to a minimum. A forerunner of the An-14Sch was the An-714 with inflatable floats. In China, there was a smaller version called Sha-Tu (or Capital) N ° 1.

15 An-14s were exported, four of which went to the NVA in 1966 . There they were stationed with the liaison squadron 25 (renamed VS-14 in 1971 ) of the LSK / LV in Strausberg and flown until 1980 and 1981 respectively. Two of these planes (995 and 996) have been preserved and can be viewed in the Air Force Museum of the German Armed Forces and in the Cottbus Airfield Museum .

Production was discontinued in 1976 after 332 copies, as it was not possible to replace the Antonov An-2 with the new type.

construction

The aircraft, designed as a strutted shoulder- wing wing, is powered by two air-cooled nine-cylinder radial engines. The braced wings are equipped with automatic slats and two-part landing flaps. The vertical stabilizer is divided into two parts and is located at the end of the horizontal stabilizer so that the propellers can flow against it. The original version of the nose wheel landing gear cannot be retracted and can be equipped with snow runners in winter. The main landing gear wheels are on small stub wings. The machine is completely manufactured in all-metal half-shell construction.

Countries of operation

Technical specifications

The AI-14R engine of an An-14
Parameter Prototype (1957) Series (1965–1968) An-14M
crew 1-2
Passengers Max. 6th 7-9 6-15
length 11.36 m 12.98 m
span 19.10 m 21.99 m 22.00 m
height 4.63 m 4.60 m
Wing area 43.60 m² 39.72 m²
Wing extension k. A. 12.15 k. A.
V position k. A. 2 ° k. A.
Cabin (l × w × h) k. A. 3.10 m × 1.53 m × 1.60 m k. A.
Empty mass 2600 kg 3500 kg
payload k. A. 730 kg k. A.
Takeoff mass Max. 3630 kg Max. 3500 kg 5600 kg
Wing loading k. A. 88.1 kg / m² k. A.
Power load k. A. 5.8 kg / hp
Top speed k. A. 210 km / h 330 km / h
Cruising speed 180 km / h at an altitude of 2000 m 175 km / h
max. 190 km / h		 305 km / h
Rate of climb k. A. 5.3 m / s near the ground k. A.
Landing speed k. A. 78 km / h k. A.
Service ceiling 5000 m 5000 m 6000 m
Range normal 650 km 300 km with a full payload
780 km with a full tank		 1550 km
Take-off / landing taxiway 100 m / 100 m 215 m / 200 m
Engines two Ivchenko AI-14R two Ivchenko AI-14RF two TWD-650
power 191 kW (260 PS) each 220 kW (299 PS) each 596 kW (810 PS) each

literature

  • Aviazija i Vremja . No. 1/96 .
  • Heinz AF Schmidt: Soviet planes . Transpress , Berlin 1971, p. 40 .
  • Manfred Meyer: The planes of the GDR: All types, all data, all facts in 300 drawings . Bild und Heimat, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-86789-439-5 , p. 144/145 .

Web links

Commons : Antonov An-14  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manfred Jurleit: Antonows Transporter. In: Fliegerrevue No. 8/1973, p. 361
  2. ↑ Who? When? What ?, Fliegerrevue No. 11/1984, p. 348
  3. ↑ Flieger Revue 11/1972, New aircraft presented - Antonov An-14M. P. 475
List of aircraft types made by Antonov
Passenger aircraft:

An-10 • An-24 • An-28 • An-74 • An-140 • An-148 • An-158 • An-174 • An-180 • An-218 • An-318

Transport aircraft:

An-2 • An-3 • An-4 • An-8 • An-12 • An-14 • An-20 • An-22 • An-26 • An-32 • An-38 • An-50 • arrival 70 • An-72 • An-74 • An-112 • An-124 • An-132 • An-178 • An-204 • An-225 • An-325

Reconnaissance and surveillance aircraft:

An-6 • An-30 • An-71 • An-88

Test aircraft:

OKA-38 • An-181

Gliders:

A-1 • A-2 • RF-7 • A-7 / RF-8 • A-9 • A-10 • A-11 • A-13 • A-15 • A-40