JerAZ-762
| JerAZ | |
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.jpg) JerAZ-762W in Moscow (2007)
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| JerAZ-762 | |
| Manufacturer: | Yerewansky Avtomobilny Zavod |
| Sales designation: | ЕрАЗ-762 |
| Production period: | 1966-1996 |
| Previous model: |
RAF-977K (prototypes only) |
| Successor: | JerAZ-3730 |
| Technical specifications | |
| Designs: | Small vans ( minibuses , pick-ups and vans ) |
| Engines: | R4 petrol engine |
| Power: | 61 kW |
| Payload: | 1.15 t |
| Perm. Total weight: | 2.63 t |
The JerAZ-762 ( Russian ЕрАЗ-762 ) is a pickup truck made by the Soviet and later Armenian manufacturer Yerewanski Avtomobilny Sawod (JerAZ for short) in Yerevan . It is based on the technology of the GAZ-M21 Volga and GAZ-24 Volga passenger cars and was developed in the Riga bus factory in the early 1960s as a panel van version of the RAF-977 minibus . Series production began in 1966 and comprised various variants, it was only with the collapse of the Soviet Union that orders ceased and the model had to be discontinued in 1996 after 30 years. A successor was developed and manufactured with the JerAZ-3730 , but the manufacturer was finally insolvent in the early 2000s.
Vehicle history
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Both before and after the Second World War, vehicle construction for freight transport in the Soviet Union was largely shaped by political plans and military interests. So it came about that small and medium-sized trucks such as the GAZ-AA , the ZIS-5 , the GAZ-51 or the ZIS-150 were built in large numbers, but no delivery vans. In the mid-1950s, however, it became increasingly apparent that these vehicles were extremely uneconomical to transport goods within cities due to their size and fuel consumption. So the first small vans based on the chassis of passenger cars began to be developed again from a military point of view. In this way, the UAZ-450 and UAZ-451 models were first created in the second half of the 1950s and early 1960s , both of which were used for both military and civilian purposes. Around 1962, the Riga bus factory developed one of the first purely civilian delivery vans based on the RAF-977 minibus . Due to the low production capacities of this plant, the prototype RAF-977K could not be put into series production.
In order to still implement the project, another plant in the Soviet Union was sought to be commissioned with production. The choice fell on a newly established mechanical engineering company in the capital of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic , Yerevan . It was equipped with the appropriate production facilities and renamed Yerewanski Avtomobilny Zavod on September 10, 1965 . Experts from the Riga plant and also from the GDR were involved in the construction and commissioning . The serial production of the vehicle, now known as the JerAZ-762 according to the Soviet standard , began according to the original plans and hardly changed in April 1966. At that time the van was based on the chassis of the GAZ-M21 Volga and had a payload of 850 kg.
The plant in Yerevan had a nominal production capacity of 2500 delivery vans per year in 1966. In fact, the output was lower because no assembly lines were yet installed. The director at the time, Stepan Iwanowitsch Awanjan, made a decisive contribution to the expansion of the plant, which was modernized from 1970 and received additional production space totaling 26,000 m². About 4000 JerAZ-762s were produced that year. From 1971 the JerAZ-762A was built in series, on which various small things were changed. The most noticeable innovation on the body was the stiffening beads that were attached to the upper part of the side walls and indicated windows. A further expansion of the plant followed from 1972. During this time, new prototypes such as the NAMI-0112 or the JerAZ-763 were developed in cooperation with the Moscow vehicle construction institute NAMI , but none of them were put into production.
In 1976 the JerAZ-762A was replaced by the JerAZ-762B , which on the one hand received additional horizontal beads in the lower area of the body side walls , and on the other hand was equipped with ZMZ-977 or UMZ-977 engines. It was the engine from the GAZ-24 Volga , which was adapted for use in the RAF-977 minibus. The four-cylinder in-line engine had more displacement and more power than its predecessor. The old three-speed gearbox was initially used. In addition, the payload increased to a total of 1150 kg. Towards the end of the 1970s, production capacities had increased to 10,000 vans per year thanks to an additional press shop.
Series production was changed for the last time in 1979, and the basic version built from this point on was the JerAZ-762W . He received the somewhat more powerful ZMZ-24-01 engine , which came directly from the GAZ-24 passenger car. In addition, the beads in the body were made curved inwards from this point on. From 1988 the more powerful ZMZ-4021.10 engine from the GAZ-24-11 was used and after the collapse of the Soviet Union , UMZ-4178 engines were used. On the basis of the JerAZ-762W, various body variants were taken over into series production, for example as a double cabin and as a five-seater with a closed body. The JerAZ-3730 and a minibus were developed as successors on the same basis as early as the 1970s , but were only built from the late 1980s and were not very successful. The production of the JerAZ-762 and all its variants was stopped in 1996 after 30 years. At its peak in the 1980s, over 16,000 of the vans were built each year. In 2002 at the latest, the Yerewanski Avtomobilny Zavod was insolvent.
Model variants
The JerAZ-762 has been manufactured in various different versions over the 30 years of production. The following list does not claim to be complete.
- JerAZ-762 - basic version as a panel van, built from 1966 to 1971 and based on the GAZ-M21 Volga.
- JerAZ-762A - Improved basic version, built from September 1971 to 1976 with additional stiffeners at the position of the windows of the RAF-977.
- JerAZ-762B - Again revised basic version, built from 1976 to 1979, now with elongated, outwardly arched stiffeners also below the window positions. The vehicle received a modified engine from the GAZ-24 Volga and the three-speed manual transmission of the predecessor GAZ-M21 Volga.
- JerAZ-762W - basic version built from 1979 to the end of production in 1996. The stiffeners are curved inwards (see pictures on this page) and the van received the engine and later also the transmission from the GAZ-24 Volga in alternating designs.
- JerAZ-762I - Version built from 1968 with isothermal cargo space (insulated, but without cooling unit). The side door was omitted and the cargo area was lined with aluminum . The vehicles were converted in special assembly plants, for example in Odessa .
- JerAZ-762R - prototype of a refrigerated vehicle with active cooling, built 1967/68, only two copies.
- JerAZ-762WR - prototype of a refrigerated vehicle with active cooling from around 1980, did not go into production.
- JerAZ-762WI - Isothermal vehicle on the technical level of the JerAZ-762W, built from 1982 in the Ukrainian town of Luzki Avtomobilny Zavod .
- JerAZ-762WDP - model with a double cabin and open loading area.
- JerAZ-762WGP - For mixed transport of passengers and cargo. Additional side windows (2 on each side) were installed in order to be able to transport a total of five people and 775 kg of cargo.
1995 was based on a JerAZ-762W trackless train in the form of a semi-trailer built. There was no series production.
Technical specifications
For the series vehicles of the type JerAZ-762W from 1979. The data changed slightly over the production time, later years of construction had a fully synchronized four-speed gearbox, for example.
- Engine: four-stroke R4 petrol engine , water-cooled
- Engine type: "ZMZ-24-01"
- Power: 82.5 hp (60.7 kW) at 4500 min -1
- Mixture preparation: carburettor, type K-124
- Displacement: 2445 cm³
- Bore: 92.0 mm
- Stroke: 92.0 mm
- maximum torque: 167 Nm at 2500 min -1
- Firing order: 1–2–4–3
- Compression: 6.7: 1
- Fuel: gasoline, at least 93 octane
- Tank capacity: 55 l
- Fuel consumption: 12 l / 100 km at a constant 60 km / h
- Clutch: single-plate dry clutch
- Gearbox: mechanical three-speed gearbox with reverse gear, partially synchronized
- Top speed: 110 km / h
- Braking distance from 60 km / h: 25.8 m
- On-board voltage: 12 V.
- Alternator: type G12
- Starter: Type ST21
- Drive formula : 4 × 2 (rear wheel drive)
Dimensions and weights
- Length: 5030 mm
- Width: 1790 mm
- Height: 2180 mm
- Wheelbase: 2700 mm
- Front track: 1410 mm
- Rear track: 1420 mm
- Dimensions of cargo space (inside, L × W × H): 3300 × 1640 × 1385 mm
- Height of loading sill: 780 mm
- Ground clearance: 205 mm
- Turning circle: 13.4 m, measured at the outermost point of the body
- Tire size: 7.00–15 ″
- Empty weight: 1475 kg
- Payload: 1150 kg (1000 kg in the hold)
- permissible total weight: 2625 kg
- Front axle load: 1210 kg
- Rear axle load: 1415 kg
literature
- LM Shugurov: АВТОМОБИЛИ России и СССР . Second part. Ilbi / Prostreks, Moscow 1994, ISBN 5-87483-006-5 .
- LM Shugurov: АВТОМОБИЛИ России и СССР . Third part. Ilbi / Prostreks, Moscow 1998, ISBN 5-87483-052-9 .
- Vehicle Construction Institute NIIAT: Short Automobile Manual (краткий автомобильный справочник). Transport Publishing, 11th edition, Moscow 1994.
- Konstantin Andreyev: Автолегенды СССР: ЕрАЗ-762Б . No. 102, DeAgostini, Moscow 2013.
- Nikolai Markov: Автолегенды СССР: ЕрАЗ-762В . No. 241, DeAgostini, Moscow 2018.
Individual evidence
- ↑ LM Shugurow: АВТОМОБИЛИ России и СССР. Second part, various pages.
- ↑ a b c d Konstantin Andrejew: Автолегенды СССР: ЕрАЗ-762Б . P. 3 ff.
- ↑ a b c d e Nikolai Markov: Автолегенды СССР: ЕрАЗ-762В . P. 3 ff.
- ↑ a b c Fahrzeugbauinstitut NIIAT: Kurzes Automobil-Handbuch (краткий автомобильный справочник). P. 216 ff.
- ↑ LM Shugurow: АВТОМОБИЛИ России и СССР. Third part, pp. 32, 50, 111, 147.
