Joachim Friedrich (Brieg)

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Joachim Friedrich von Brieg (also Joachim Friedrich von Liegnitz-Brieg ; Polish Joachim Fryderyk legnicko-brzeski , Czech Jáchym Fridrich Břežsko-Lehnický ; born September 29, 1550 in Brieg ; † March 25, 1602 ibid) was Duke of Brieg from 1586 to 1602 and 1595 to 1602 Duke of Wohlau . From 1586 to 1592 he was together with his brother Duke von Ohlau , who belonged to Joachim Friedrich alone from 1595. In 1596 he also inherited the Duchy of Liegnitz .

Origin and family

Joachim Friedrich's parents were Georg II "the Pious" , Duke of Brieg, Ohlau and Wohlau and Barbara of Brandenburg . He received his first name Joachim after his maternal grandfather Joachim II of Brandenburg , the second name Friedrich after his paternal grandfather Friedrich II von Liegnitz . Joachim Friedrich also had the younger brother Johann Georg and four sisters.

On May 19, 1577 Joachim Friedrich married Anna Maria von Anhalt , a daughter of Prince Joachim Ernst von Anhalt . Children came from marriage

  1. Georg Ernst (born August 29, 1589 in Ohlau; † November 6, 1589 ibid)
  2. Johann Christian (1591–1639)
  3. Barbara Agnes (born February 24, 1593 in Ohlau; † July 24, 1631), ∞ on October 18, 1620 Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch
  4. Georg Rudolf (1595–1653)
  5. Anna Maria (* December 16, 1596 in Brieg; † March 25, 1602 ibid)
  6. Maria Sophia (born April 26, 1601 in Brieg, † October 26, 1654 in Parchwitz )

Life

Joachim Friedrich spent several years at the court of his uncle Johann Georg von Brandenburg during his youth . He was sent by him to represent Brandenburg for the coronation of the French prince Heinrich von Anjou as king of Poland in Krakow . On October 27, 1575 he took part in the coronation of Rudolf II as Roman-German King in Rome. In 1585, his father successfully applied for the provost office at Magdeburg Cathedral on behalf of Joachim Friedrich, in agreement with his brother-in-law Johann Georg von Brandenburg . Joachim Friedrich had already held the Brieger Dechantei before that .

After the death of his father in 1586, Joachim Friedrich's position was weakened by the fact that he had to share the property left by his father with his younger brother Johann Georg, as the principle of the right to birthright had not yet been implemented. Joachim Friedrich received the Duchy of Brieg , which, however , was reduced by the town of Brieg , which his mother Barbara was entitled to as Wittum . Wohlau fell to his brother Johann Georg . They received the Ohlau , which also belongs to the inheritance , together. At first they resided together in Ohlau. To pay off the debts left by the father, individual goods had to be sold. When Archduke Maximilian announced his claim to the throne in the third Polish interregnum and crossed the Silesian-Polish border at Bytom with his military in mid-October 1587 , he was supported by a contingent of riders from Joachim Friedrich. Presumably for this reason he was appointed commander in chief of the Silesian army in 1588.

After the death of his brother Johann Georg, who died in 1592 without any descendants, Joachim Friedrich inherited Wohlau, which he now reunited with Brieg. Johann Georg's widow Anna von Württemberg received Ohlau as Wittum. After she remarried to Friedrich IV of Liegnitz in October 1594 , she lost her Wittum, so that Ohlau now came to Joachim Friedrich. In 1595, after the death of his mother, the city of Brieg fell to him. Now he was able to unite the entire paternal inheritance in one hand. When he inherited his cousin Friedrich IV von Liegnitz, who also died without male descendants, in 1596, he now also owned Liegnitz.

When in 1599 the Bishop Bonaventura Hahn from Breslau was forced to resign by the Pope, Joachim Friedrich and his brother-in-law, Duke Karl II von Münsterberg-Oels , refused to participate in the election of Bishop Paul Albert , as he was not a Silesian.

In 1599 Joachim Friedrich acquired the towns of Reichenstein and Silberberg, which had previously belonged to the Duchy of Münsterberg, from Peter Wok von Rosenberg . However, the privilege of minting coins was excluded when it was sold to Joachim Friedrich. After it was also awarded to him in 1601 by Emperor Rudolf II in his capacity as King of Bohemia, Joachim Friedrich and his successors used it eagerly. This led to a significant increase in the Reichenstein mining industry.

During his reign, Joachim Friedrich confirmed the previous privileges to the cities under his rule and supported the development of the craft. The unmarried daughters of the deposed Heinrich XI. He supported von Liegnitz financially.

Joachim Friedrich died on March 25, 1602 in Brzeg. His body was on May 7th. J. is buried in the Brieger St. Hedwig's Church. According to his last will, which he had written down on December 16, 1595, his widow received Ohlau as Wittum. His two sons Johann Christian and Georg Rudolf followed him as dukes . They received their territories from the Bohemian sovereign as an overall loan, but shared it again. As they were minors at the time, the regency was exercised by their mother. After her death in 1605, her uncle Karl II , Duke of Münsterberg - Oels exercised the guardianship.

Marshal and Hofmeister Joachim Friedrichs was Hans von Schweinichen .

literature

  • Historical Commission for Silesia (Ed.): History of Silesia. Volume 2: Ludwig Petry , Josef Joachim Menzel (ed.): The Habsburg Era, 1526–1740. 3rd, unchanged edition. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 2000, ISBN 3-7995-6342-3 , pp. 26, 34 and 40 f.
  • Rudolf Žáček: Dějiny Slezska v datech. Nakladatelství Libri, Praha 2004, ISBN 80-7277-172-8 , pp. 413 and 428.
  • Krzysztof R. Prokop: Joachim Fryderyk. In: Stanisław Szczur, Krzysztof Ożóg (eds.): Piastowie. Leksykon biograficzny. Wydawnictwo Literackie, Kraków 1999, ISBN 83-08-02829-2 , p. 528 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The information on this is contradictory. After: Historical Commission for Silesia (Hrsg.): History of Silesia. Volume 2. 2000, 34, she received Ohlau as Wittum.
  2. ↑ Joachim Bahlcke : Regionalism and State Integration in Controversy. The lands of the Bohemian crown in the first century of the Habsburg rule (1526–1619) (= writings of the Federal Institute for East German Culture and History. Vol. 3). Oldenbourg, Munich 1994, ISBN 3-486-56046-8 , pp. 201-203, (at the same time: Freiburg (Breisgau), Universität, Dissertation, 1993).
personal data
SURNAME Joachim Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Brieg, Joachim Friedrich von; Liegnitz-Brieg, Joachim Friedrich von; legnicko-brzeski, Joachim Fryderyk; Břežsko-Lehnický, Jáchym Fridrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duke of Liegnitz, Brieg, Ohlau and Wohlau
DATE OF BIRTH September 29, 1550
PLACE OF BIRTH Brieg
DATE OF DEATH March 25, 1602
Place of death Brieg