Johann Anton Güldenstädt

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Johann Anton von Güldenstädt , Russian Иоганн Антон, Антонович Гюльденштедт April (* 26 . Jul / 7. May  1745 greg. In Riga , Russian Empire , † March 23 jul. / 3. April  1781 greg. In St. Petersburg , Russian Kaiserreich) was a naturalist and explorer of German-Baltic origin. Its botanical author's abbreviation is “ Gueldenst. "

Live and act

Güldenstädt lost his parents at an early age and from 1763 studied pharmacy , botany and natural history in Berlin . At the age of 22 he obtained a doctorate in medicine at the Alma Mater Viadrina in Frankfurt (Oder) in 1767 . In June of the following year the Russian Academy of Sciences sent him on an expedition to explore the southern borders of Russia on behalf of Catherine II . In the following years Güldenstädt traveled together with Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin through the Astrakhan region , Ukraine , through the northern Caucasus to Georgia . His expedition was the first systematic survey of the Caucasus.

In March 1775 he returned to St. Petersburg and in the following years wrote several geographical, historical and natural history publications in German and Latin, including an initial description of the pipe cat .

In March 1781 Güldenstädt died of a fever. His notes on his expedition were published posthumously by Peter Simon Pallas under the title Journeys through Russia and in the Caucasus Mountains (1787-1791).

Honors

The genus Gueldenstaedtia fish is named after Güldenstädt . from the legume family (Fabaceae).

Publications

  • Chaus - Animal feli adfine descriptum . Commentarii Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae Volume 20, St. Petersburg 1776. pp. 483
  • Travels through Russia and the Caucasus Mountains. Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences (PS Pallas) St. Petersburg 1787. ( online  in the German Digital Library )
  • Puteschestwije po Kawkasu w 1770 - 1773 gg . translated by TK Schafranovskaja. Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, St. Petersburg 2002.

literature

  • Friedrich Ratzel:  Güldenstädt, Johann Anton . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, p. 115.
  • VF Gnutschewa, VL Komarow, LS Berg: Materijaly dlja istorii ekspedizij Akademii nauk v XVIII i XIX wekach: chronologitscheskije obsory i opisanije archivnych materijalow. Isdatelstwo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow 1940.
  • MO Koswen: Materijaly po istorii etnografitscheskogo isutschenija Kawkasa w russkoi nauke. Isdatelstwo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moscow 1957.
  • Alois Fauser:  Güldenstädt, Johann Anton. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 254 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • LI Lavrov: K 250-letiju akademitcheskogo kawkasowedenija w Rossii. in: VK Gardanow (ed.): Kawkasski etnografitscheski sbornik , 6. Nauka, Moscow 1976. 3-10.
  • IK Kopelewitsch: Iogann Anton Gildenschtedt, 1745 - 1781. Nauka, Moscow 1997.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Güldenstädt, Johann Anton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Güldenstädt, Johann Anton von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Baltic naturalist and explorer
DATE OF BIRTH May 7, 1745
PLACE OF BIRTH Riga
DATE OF DEATH April 3, 1781
Place of death St. Petersburg