Johann Baptist Plow

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Johann Baptist Plow

Johann Baptist Pflug (born February 13, 1785 in Biberach an der Riss ; † May 30, 1866 there ) was a German genre painter .

Self-portrait with Mrs. Antonia
Pflug's birthplace in Biberach

Life

Johann Baptist was born in Biberach in 1785 as the son of master cooper and vinegar manufacturer Christian Pflug and his wife Antonia Rauh, both from Biberach. He attended the Catholic elementary school and Latin class in Biberach, became a choirboy in the Weingarten monastery in 1797 and received a solid education there. After the abolition of the monastery in 1803, the priests advised the profession of church painter, but Pflug was apprenticed to a braid maker. Johann Franz Schefold, Privy Councilor and Government Director in Buchau, promoted Pflug's talent for drawing, gave him lessons together with his father, the church painter Johannes Schefold, and opened his library and gallery to him. From 1806, Pflug continued his studies in galleries and at the Munich Academy and, on the advice of Christian von Mannlich, copied mainly paintings by Rubens and the Dutch of the 17th century.These copies were sold by the Munich art dealer Dietz, who had a lively business with these paintings made.

He took lessons in perspective from the stage painter Angelo Quaglio . After studying for three years, the Tyrolean uprising in 1809 forced him to return to Biberach. After an excellent art exam in Stuttgart, Pflug was given the newly created position of drawing teacher at the Biberach grammar school in 1810, which he held until 1856. In addition to teaching, he initially worked primarily as a portraitist, combining realistic attention to detail with high-quality fabric painting in the manner of the Dutch. Since 1813, as a painter and draftsman, he has depicted his rural and small-town surroundings in a large number of genre representations (including military and robber scenes as well as traditional costumes). The marriage consensus (1815) was bought by the King of Württemberg. From 1825–1830 a series of colored outline etchings appeared in Stuttgart under the title Ländliche Gebräuche in Württemberg . When the Württembergischer Kunstverein was founded in 1827 , Pflug was commissioned to send in two paintings. With Die Spieler and Hauswasch (both 1827) he gained great recognition.

Pflug's work contains only a few landscapes; the sketchbooks that have survived testify to his diligence as a draftsman. - Pflug discovered and promoted young artists who were later called the Biberach School . It includes the painters Franz Xaver Müller, Karl Martini, Karl Friedrich Göser, Eberhard Emminger , Franz Xaver Förg, Hermann Volz , Carl Martin Gramm Edler v. Ebersberg, Adalbert Gebel and Anton Braith .

Together with his memoirs, which were only published in 1874, his works represent an almost complete presentation of popular life at that time and are therefore of great cultural and historical weight.

Works (excerpt)

  • Waldburg with Lake Constance

  • The robber gang Anton Rosenberger

  • Marriage trade

  • Folk festival in Cannstatt, 1824

  • War veterans

  • Upper Swabia - Altwürttemberger

Fonts

  • Johann Baptist Pflug: From the robber and French times of Swabia. The memories of the Swabian painter from the years 1780–1840. Re-edited by Max Zengerle. Weißenhorn: Anton H. Konrad Verlag, 1974 (3rd edition). ISBN 3-87437-113-1

literature

  • Paul Beck :  Pflug, Johann Baptist . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, pp. 678-688.
  • August Breucha: Johann Baptist Pflug . In: Sunday supplement to the Deutsches Volksblatt, No. 51 v. December 1909.
  • August Breucha: The moral painter Johann Baptist Pflug von Biberach . In. Special supplement to the State Gazette for Württemberg, No. 5 v. June 1, 1919.
  • Hans Hildebrandt: The art of the 19th and 20th centuries . Potsdam 1924, p. 266.
  • Matthäus Gerster: Johann Baptist Pflug , in: Württemberg. Monthly in the service of people and homeland, 1929, p. 320.
  • Idis B. Hartmann: Johann Baptist Pflug (1785–1866) paintings and drawings . Biberach 1985, ISBN 3-924489-30-0 .
  • Otto Borst: Biberach. Spirit and art of a small Swabian town . In: Dieter Stievermann (Ed.): History of the city of Biberach . Stuttgart 1991, p. 122.
  • Idis B. Hartmann:  Pflug, Johann Baptist. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 357 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Gabriele Brugger: ways of life - genre painting by JB Kirner and JB Pflug . Exhibition catalog, Kunstmuseum Hohenkarpfen, Beuroner Kunstverlag, Beuron 2004, ISBN 3-930569-27-2 .
  • Peter Eitel: History of Upper Swabia in the 19th and 20th centuries . Volume 1, Ostfildern 2010, ISBN 978-3-7995-0852-0 , pp. 218-219.
  • Uwe Degreif: Johann Baptist Pflug (1785–1866) - A new look at a well-known master . In: Swabian homeland. Stuttgart 2016, issue 4, pp. 414-422.
  • Uwe Degreif (Ed.): Johann Baptist Pflug. 1785-1866 . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 2016, 334 pp.

Web links

Commons : Johann Baptist Pflug  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Local history sheets for the Biberach district
personal data
SURNAME Plow, Johann Baptist
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH February 13, 1785
PLACE OF BIRTH Biberach an der Riss
DATE OF DEATH May 30, 1866
Place of death Biberach an der Riss