Johann Campanus

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Johann (es) Campanus (* around 1500 in Maaseik ; † around 1574) was a theologian and Baptist .

Life

In the diocese of Liege born Campanus attended school in Dusseldorf , referring the University of Cologne . When the ideas of the Reformation reached Cologne , he stood up for them and had to leave the university due to the resulting disputes with the old believing theologians. He was first a clergyman, then a Protestant pastor in Roermond and then went to the Duchy of Jülich , where he appeared as an advocate of the new theological ideas. In 1521 he stayed at the invitation of nobleman Werner von Palant at his castle in Wassenberg . He gained such respect that patrons made it possible to go to Wittenberg as court master of young noblemen in the summer of 1527 . On December 19, 1528 he enrolled at the University of Wittenberg , where he did theological studies with Martin Luther and Justus Jonas .

However, while studying the Bible , he found statements about himself that were completely different from those of his teachers. Georg Witzel , who also disagreed with the statements of the Wittenberg theologians, reinforced the enthusiastic ideas of Campanus, who appeared with them at the beginning of October 1529 at the Marburg Religious Discussion . He demanded his admission to the conversation with the objection that he had found an interpretation of the words of institution in the Lord's Supper. With this he wanted to bring about an understanding between Luther and Ulrich Zwingli . To this end, he invited Luther to give a disputation. However, its approval was refused.

Returning to Wittenberg, he tried to spread his Anabaptist ideas more and more challengingly, so that Elector Johann the Constant of Saxony had him imprisoned for a certain time. As soon as he was released from prison, he continued his activities and had to flee due to another threat of arrest. However, he was no longer dissuaded from his point of view. When the elector with his theologians and councilors in Torgau discussed the approaching Diet of Augsburg and the Confessio Augustana , he appeared there and presented his teaching to the councilors. In this context he asked Luther to hold another disputation, which was again rejected. In the Electorate of Saxony , he could not make any progress with his ideas.

That is why he first went to Braunschweig and returned to the Duchy of Jülich , where numerous supporters gathered around him. In 1532 he wrote a restitution in Wassenberg , which comprised 160 pages. At House Hall in Ratheim he found protection with the nobleman Johann von Olmissen called Mülstroe († 1541) and his son Heinrich († around 1574). In Münster he had a not inconsiderable influence on the Anabaptist Empire in Münster . However, when he frightened the population in the Duchy of Jülich by announcing the end of the world and the extinction of the rural population on the Rur , the Duke of Jülich had him arrested in 1553. After more than 20 years in prison, he is said to have died, mentally and physically shattered.

Works

  • Contra totum post apostolos mundum also Against the Lutherans and all the world after the apostles and the same wonderful and strange unspeakable error. around 1531
  • Divine and holy scriptures darkened before many years and eclipsed by unholy empties and lers from God's permission Restrution and improvement through the highly gelated Johannem Campanum. 1532
  • De eucharistia. around 1574

Others

  • A wood between Ratheim and Hilfarth was popularly known for centuries as an de Campanus-Eek (= on the Campanus oak). The preacher is said to have secretly held meetings for his followers under an oak tree.

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Campanus, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Campanus, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Theologian and Baptist
DATE OF BIRTH around 1500
PLACE OF BIRTH Maaseik
DATE OF DEATH around 1575
Place of death uncertain: Jülich