Johann Christian Woltaer

Johann Christian Woltaer (also: Woltär, Wältär, Voltär ; born June 24, 1744 in Marienwerder ; † June 21, 1815 in Halle (Saale) ) was a German legal scholar.

Life

The son of a pastor had initially received instruction from a private tutor. At the age of thirteen he studied mathematics, old and new languages at the University of Frankfurt (Oder) in 1757 and devoted himself to theology. At Easter 1761 he switched to studying law, was promoted to legal offices in Berlin in 1763 and took part in the celebrations for the election of the Roman king Joseph II.

In 1766 he became court master of a nobleman from Hanover, whom he accompanied to the University of Göttingen . Soon afterwards he went on an educational trip through Holland, England and France. Both also visited Vienna , Regensburg , Wetzlar and Mainz , where they had looked at the royal courts. Following private matters, Woltaer returned to Berlin in 1770 via the University of Leipzig and the University of Wittenberg .

1772, he went to the University of Halle , where he met the Inauguralschrift De sucessione agnatorum in Fendo Paterno legitimate lineali, non graduali, nee mixta for doctor doctorate of Rights and lectures on feudal law and institutions held. In 1773 he was appointed to the Schöppenstuhl in Halle . Associated with this, he became assessor at the mountain and valley courts . He resigned this position in 1775, as he was appointed as a full professor and associate associate at the law faculty of the University of Halle.

He was a popular teacher who read on Roman law . In 1778 he rose to the fourth position of assessor at the law faculty and had 84 listeners among 286 lawyers in the declaration of the Pandects in 1780 . When, however, after Ernst Ferdinand Klein's departure in 1781 , the law faculty applied for Woltaer's promotion to full professor and university prorector, the board of trustees was severely cleared.

The Minister of Justice Julius Eberhard von Massow (1750-1816) accused him in the report to the king of not being conscientious, of practicing bad discipline and of having pushed his way to the clerical examination committee despite his denial. Woltaer overcame these little problems too. In 1782 he advanced to the third position of assessor of the law faculty, became vice-rector of the Halle University in the same year, rose to full professorial position in the law faculty and was also elected to the office of vice-rector of the Halle alma mater in 1791/92 .

His law lectures had been extremely popular with students in his early days. In 1799 the number of visitors to his lectures on canon law decreased. It grew again in 1801/02 when he read on constitutional law . He had also received permission from the Prussian court in 1778 to hold historical lectures and in 1808 also acquired the academic degree of a master's degree in philosophy.

On February 1, 1790, Woltaer was admitted to the Masonic lodge Zu den Drei Degen in Halle, to which he belonged until his death. He died of old age as a widely respected lawyer. Woltaer owned a house at Grosse Märkerstraße 20 in Halle .

Works (selection)

• Diss. De successione agnatorum in feudo paterno. Hall 1772
• Diss. De feudo alienabili. Hall 1772
• Progr. De feudis Marchiciis allodificatis censsuali qualitati haud obnoxis. Hall 1772
• Car. Henr. Moelleri primae linese usus practici distinctionum feudalium, cum animadversionibus Baleckii & fuis edidit. Rostock 1775
• Diss. De via petendae restitutionis in integrum praetorise secndum doctrinam Romanorum praecipue quadriennali hodie vero perpetus ad L. ult. C. de temp. restit in integrum. Halle 1776 (The respondent D. Glück is said to be the true author)
• Observationum, quae ad jus civile & Brandenburgicum pertinent. Pasciculus I. Halle 1777, Pas. II. Hall 1779
• Diss. De condictionum indole atque natura. Halle 1777 (dissertation supervised by him)
• Principles of jurisprudence for those who are not lawyers. Hall 1785
• Yo. Gottl. Heineccii Elementa juris civilis SO Institut Justiniani f. commoda auditoribus method adornata, iterum relegit, polivit & praelectionibus academicis magis adaptavit. Hall 1785
• Execution of the blamelessness of academic law teachers in the decline of genuine legal scholarship. In addition to the announcement of his lectures to be held in the summer semester. Hall 1789
• ALC Schmidii Principia jurisprudenttiae ecclesiasticae pontificorum, methodo systematica adornata et passim supp'eta, in auditorii sui usum recensuit. Hall 1789
• Halle Law Library. 1st attempt Torn 1794, 2nd attempt Thorn 1794, 3rd attempt Thorn 1794
• Commentarii juris Justinianei novissimi ex ipsis fontibus deoucti. Part I hall 1796
• Introduction to land law for all Prussian states. 1st part Halle 1796us querelae de inofficioso testamento sparsi. Hall 1778

literature

• Georg Christoph Hamberger, Johann Georg Meusel : The learned Teutschland, or lexicon of the now living German writers. Verlag Meyerische Buchhandlung, Lemgo ( 1800, Volume 8, p. 617 .; 1812, Volume 16, p. 279 .; 1827, Volume 9, p. 700. )
• Christoph Weidlich : Complete list of all on the Königl. Preussl. Friedrichs Universität zu Halle from its foundation to the present day legal disputations and programs, with some literary comments. In addition to the attached succession of all legal scholars of this famous university and their brief biographies. JC Hendel, Halle 1789, p. 66 (in the biographical part)
• Wilhelm Schrader: History of the Friedrichs University in Halle. Verlag Ferdinand Dümmler, Berlin 1894. (1st and 2nd part)

Web links

• Entry on Johann Christian Woltaer in the Catalogus Professorum Halensis

Individual evidence

1. ^ Friedrich August Eckstein: History of the Masonic Lodge in the Orient of Halle. A ceremony for the secular celebration of the lodge to the three swords. Gebauer Buchdruckerei, Halle 1844, S, 242 f. (Digitized version)