Johann Friedrich Gruner

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Johann Friedrich Gruner (born August 1, 1723 in Coburg ; † March 29, 1778 in Halle (Saale) ) was a German Protestant theologian , historian, rhetorician and educator.

Life

Johann Friedrich Gruner was born as the son of the consistorial president and privy councilor of the same name (1688–1756) and his wife Euphrosyne Marie (1705–1756), the daughter of the chamber councilor and rent master Johann Friedrich Facius. His younger brother was the president of the Rentkammer in Coburg, Johann Gerhard Gruner (1737–1790).

His first education in the ancient languages ​​had received from the Weißenbrunn pastor Johann Faccius before he attended the high school Casimirianum in his hometown from 1738 . From 1742 he studied at the University of Jena . Here he acquired the academic degree of a Magister in Philosophy in 1745 , got the license to teach as Magister Legens , worked for a short time at the University of Leipzig , became a grammar school professor for Latin language and Roman antiquities in Coburg in 1747 and later took over the teaching post for rhetoric there, with which he promoted to inspector of the alumni at the grammar school in Coburg. In Coburg he had often dealt with the history of ancient Rome. From 1755 he was a member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences as a full listener.

In 1764, at the instigation of Johann Salomo Semler, he became a full professor of theology at the University of Halle and for this reason received his doctorate in theology in 1766 . Gruner had tried to introduce contemporary philosophy into his theological lectures. He mainly read about pastoral science and church history, but also about dogmatics and the New Testament. He is a somewhat impetuous representative of the departure of Protestant theology of the 18th century from a pietistically modified orthodoxy and its neological development on the basis of strict grammatical and historical biblical interpretation and was in alliance with the popular philosophy of the Enlightenment. Gruner had also taken on organizational tasks at the Halle university and had been prorector of the Alma Mater in 1774/75 .

Johann Friedrich Gruner was buried in Halle's Stadtgottesacker . His grave is in crypt arch 67, grave inscriptions are no longer preserved.

family

Gruner was married twice. The name of his first wife is unknown. His second marriage was in Halle in 1767 with Christiane Sophie (1738–1786), the daughter of the lawyer Johann Georg Francke (1697–1755) and his wife Luise Sophie (née Dreyziger, from a Halle family of Pfänner). Some children were born from these marriages. Well-known are the wholesale merchant and council builder Carl Friedrich Gerhard Gruner (* 1768), the wholesale merchant and banker in Leipzig Ferdinand Gruner (1769–1852) and the court pharmacist, chief miner and medical advisor in Hanover Wilhelm Gruner (1771–1849).

Works

  1. Diss. (Praes. Joh. Conr. Schwarzio) de Flaminibus. Coburg 1742.
  2. Diss. Epist. ad Casp. Jac. Huth-de procuranda nova Coelii Sedulii editione. Jena 1743.
  3. Contemplatio gemmae cuiusdam a selectis Jacobi de Wilde Diss. Epist. qua Joh. Paul. Reinhardo philosophiae Magìstri honores nomine Societatis Latin. That is. gratulatus est. Jena 1744 again in: Actis huius societatis Vol. IS 100 ff.
  4. Diss. Epist. de honore et virtute, diis assessoribus, qua Christ. Henr. Eckhardo fasces academicos nomine Societ. Lat. gratulatus est. Jena 1746.
  5. Diss. Ad illustranda D. Paulli verba Tit.T, 1-6. Jena 1745.
  6. Diss. Spicilegium observationum ad Phaedri priores libros II. Jena 1745.
  7. Introductio in antiquitates Romanos, qua populi Romani res publicae et privatae quam sub re publica, quam sub imperatoribus studiose explicantur. Jena 1746.
  8. Coelii Sedulii Mirabilium divinovum Libri V, sive Carmen paschale, item Hymni duo ad Codicum MSS. et ad fidem veterum edìtionum recensuit, lecitones varias, observationes et indices necessarios adiecit. Leipzig 1747.
  9. Progr. IV. De indole sive genio linguarum sigillatim Romanae. Coburg 1747, 1749, 1750.
  10. Progr. De falsis Apostolis ecclesiae apostolicae. Coburg 1749.
  11. Progr. De P. Ovidii Nasonis aliquot locis. Coburg 1749.
  12. Progr. De Isaaco, typo Christi ad Hebr. XI, 19th Coburg 1749.
  13. Miscellanea sacra, Fasciculus I, quo contiuentur:
    1. Diss.de itinere Paulli Hierosolymitano ad Galat. II, 2nd dissertation, de tempore et loco scriptionis Epistolae D. Paulii ad Timotheum prioris.
    2. Observationum in Epistolam Paulli ad Romanos specimen. Jena 1750.
  14. Progr. Falsos Apostolos ecclesìae apostolicae primitus ex eccelesia Hierosolymitana exiisse. Coburg 1750.
  15. Progr. I-III. de C. Plinii secundi iunioris aliquot locis. Coburg 1750–1751.
  16. Progr. Origines monasterii Ordinis S. Benedicti in Banx. Coburg 1751 also In: Carl Fried. Schopfens Nordgau-Ostfränk. State history. T. 2., p. 294 etc. Increased and improved in the Opusculis cited thereafter
  17. Progr. De odii Romanorum adversus Christianos caussis. Coburg 1751.
  18. Eutropii Breviarium historiae Romanae, cum notis criticis et historicis. Coburg 1752, 1768.
  19. Progr. De instauratione monasterii Ordinis S. Benedicti in Banz, facta per Ottonem, Episcopum Bambetgensem. Coburg 1753.
  20. Progr. De odio humani generis Christianis olim a Romanis obiecto Exercitationes historicae 'tres, quibus persecutionum inprimis, quas Christiani a Romanis perpessi sunt, historia plurimum illustratur. Coburg 1755.
  21. Exercitatio historica de Henrici Raspe in regem Romanorum electione, rebus in Imperio gestis et vitae exitu. Coburg 1756.
  22. Progr. De Jesu Christo, primogenito Dei patris filio, ad Coloss. I, 15th Rome. VIII, 24th Heb. 1, 6. Coburg 1756.
  23. Progr. De Comitibus de Truhendingen, Ducum Meraniae haeredibus. Coburg 1756.
  24. Progr. I-VIII, de rebus Hermanni II, Comitis de Henneberg. Coburg 1757-1759.
  25. Sexti Aurelii Victoris Historia Romana, cum animadversionibus criticis atque historicis. Coburg 1757, Erlangen 1787.
  26. Progr. De electione Rudolphi I, Caesaris Augusti. Coburg 1757.
  27. Opusculorum ad illustrandum historia in Germaniae pertinentium. Volume I. Coburg 1760, Volume II Coburg 1761.
  28. Progr. Antiquitates Coburgenses. Coburg 1760.
  29. Progr. Observatio de manumissione per convivium. Coburg 1760.
  30. Progr. I et II de Coburgo sub ditione Marchionum de Brandenburg. Coburg 1761.
  31. Progr. Jesus Christ the first born through all creation, Coloss.I, 15th Coburg 1762.
  32. Progr. Deus Messiae naturam humanam persiciens ad Hebr. X, 5. Ps. XL, 7th Coburg 1762.
  33. C. Velleii Paterculi quae supersunt, ex histonae Romana e voluminibus duobus recensuit, et commentario perpetuo illustravit. Coburg 1762.
  34. Progr. I - IV. De unitate ecclesìae ex mente S. Ignatii. Coburg 1762–1764.
  35. Progr. Historical study of the origin of the Frankish Empire in Gaul. Coburg 1764.
  36. Progr. De origine Episcoporum eorumque in ecclesia primitivo iure. Hall 1764.
  37. Instruction on spiritual eloquence. Hall 1765.
  38. Diss. Inaug. Jesus Christ imago Dei invisibilis, splendor gloriae et character essentiae ipsius, 2 Cor. IV, 4th Col. I, 15th Hebr . I, 4th Hall 1766.
  39. Attempt at a pragmatic excerpt from the church history of Christians. 1st part, from the birth of Christ to the Lutheran Reformation. Hall 1766.
  40. Progr. Dissertatiuncula, qua ostenditur, homini Christiano quam necessarium sit, animum de veritate resurrectionis Christi e mortuis omnino persuasum habere. Hall 1767.
  41. Compulsory defense of his provocation of eloquence, as well as his inaugural disputation: Jesus Christ imago Dei invsibilis, against the intrusiveness of an unnamed reviewer in the new theological library of Doctor Ernesti in Leipzig. Hall 1768.
  42. Progr. Commentatiuncula ad Rome. VIII, 23rd Hall 1768.
  43. Progr. Spiritus S. Apostolorum magister, arguens mundum. Hall 1768.
  44. Diss. Censura divisionis Religionis et Theologiae in naturalem et revelatam, Sectio I. Halle 1770.

'Attempt at a Church History of the Eighteenth Century', Lemgo 1771

  1. Practical introduction to the religion of the scriptures. Hall 1773.
  2. Progr. Super 2 Timoth. III, 16th hall 1774.
  3. Progr. De reditu Christi in vitam abituque in coelum spei Christianorum, quam positam in Deo habent, fundamento, ad 1 Petr. I, 21st Hall 1776.
  4. Progr. De Spiritu S. Christianorum charactere atque insigui. Hall 1776.
  5. Progr. De descensu Christi ad inferos. Hall 1777.
  6. Institutionum Theologiae dogmaticae. Libri tres. Hall 1777.
  7. Observationum criticarum Liber I. In: Actis Societatis Latin. Jena Vol.III. Pp. 23 ff. - Liber II. Actis Societatis Latin. Vol. V, Jena, p. 220 ff.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 98.
  2. ^ Christian Stephan: The silent faculty. Pages 34–35, Janos Stekovics, Dößel 2005; ISBN 3-89923-103-1
personal data
SURNAME Gruner, Johann Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Protestant theologian, historian, rhetorician and educator
DATE OF BIRTH August 1, 1723
PLACE OF BIRTH Coburg
DATE OF DEATH March 29, 1778
Place of death Halle (Saale)