Johann Friedrich Ludwig

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Johann Friedrich Ludwig, painting in the Mafra National Palace

Johann Friedrich Ludwig (born March 19, 1673 in Honhardt Castle near Crailsheim , Baden-Württemberg , † January 18, 1752 in Lisbon ), called João Frederico Ludovice in Portugal , was a German goldsmith and master builder .

Live and act

His parents were the Swabian-Halle "Amtspfleger" (head of administration) in Honhardt Peter Ludwig and his wife Elisabeth Rosina nee. Engelhardt, his brother was Johann Peter von Ludewig . He attended grammar school in Schwäbisch Hall , had been an apprentice to the goldsmith Hans Adam Kienle in Ulm an der Donau from 1689 , stayed temporarily in Augsburg and came to Rome between 1695 and 1696 . There he was called Giovanni Federico Lodovici, converted to the Catholic faith and married Chiara Agnese Morelli. In Rome he worked 1697–1699 for the Chapel of St. Ignatius in the church of Il Gesù and for the church of Sant'Ignazio di Loyola . He was influenced by the Italian baroque builders Carlo Fontana and Andrea Pozzo . At the end of 1700 he came to Portugal with his wife. She died shortly after giving birth to her first child. At first, as in Italy, he worked on gold and silver work on behalf of the Jesuit order (contracts for work from September 1701 and January 1705). His activities then shifted to architecture and construction management. The Portuguese King John V commissioned him in 1712 with the reconstruction of the royal palace "Palácio da Ribeira" and from 1717 with the construction of the monastery in Mafra (now called Palácio Nacional de Mafra ). In 1720 he received the title of "Mestre e Arquitecto das obras de S. Vicente de Fora" from the same king. In Portugal he created chapels, churches, villas and aqueducts as well as the tower of the University of Coimbra . In 1720 he married again (Anna Maria Verney, 7 children from this marriage). He was accepted into the Portuguese Order of the Knights of Christ . On September 11, 1750, the Portuguese King José I appointed him chief architect of the kingdom ("Arquitecto-Mor do Reino") and awarded him the rank of infantry brigadier general. He died in his palace in Lisbon in 1752 and was buried the following day "with the great participation of the nobility and court ministers". The Portuguese novelist José Saramago made him a figure in his novel Memorial do Convento (1982). A street in Lisbon was named after him: Rua João Frederico Ludovice.

literature

  • Herbert Schindler (ed.): European baroque castles. Prestel Verlag, Munich 1972.
  • Gerhard Ludwig (Ed.): Family tree of the Ludwig family from Obersteinach near Schwäbisch Hall, based on the status of 1991, Meckenheim. Self-published by the editor. Warlich Druck und Verlagsgesellschaft, Meckenheim 1991.
  • Karin Knodel: Johann Friedrich Ludwig (Ludovice), goldsmith and builder. 1673-1752. In: Gerhard Taddey, Joachim Fischer (Hrsg.): Life pictures from Baden-Württemberg. On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Volume 18, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-17-012208-8 , pp. 95-113.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ludwig 1991, pp. 94-95; Knodel 1994, pp. 95-96.
  2. ↑ Ludwig 1991, pp. 15-18.
  3. ↑ Knodel 1994, p. 97.
  4. ↑ Ludwig 1991, p. 94; Knodel 1994, pp. 97-99.
  5. ↑ Knodel 1994, pp. 99-102.
  6. ↑ Ludwig 1991, pp. 94-95, Knodel 1994, p. 104.
  7. ↑ Knodel 1994, pp. 102-105.
  8. ↑ Knodel 1994, pp. 105-109.
  9. ↑ Knodel 1994, p. 109.
  10. ↑ Ludwig 1991, pp. 94-95.
  11. ↑ Knodel 1994, pp. 109, 112.
  12. ↑ Knodel 1994, p. 112 based on a newspaper note in Gazeta de Lisboa from January 1752.
  13. ^ German by Andreas Klotsch under the title: Das Memorial. Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-455-40364-0 .
personal data
SURNAME Ludwig, Johann Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ludovice, João Frederico
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German goldsmith and architect
DATE OF BIRTH March 19, 1673
PLACE OF BIRTH Honhardt Castle
DATE OF DEATH January 18, 1752
Place of death Lisbon , Portugal