Johann Friedrich Unger (arithmetic)

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Johann Friedrich Unger (born June 26, 1714 in Thurnau , † February 8, 1781 in Braunschweig ) was a politician, arithmetic and the first important agricultural market researcher in the German language.

Life

His father was Johann Georg Unger, with ancestors from the Vogtland and rector of the Latin school of the Giech family , his mother Marie Dorothea Schöpfel. Johann Friedrich's brother Johann Christian was mayor in Hann. Münden .

Unger studied law in Jena for two years before becoming a lawyer in Hanover . There his brother Johann Wilhelm Unger was the secret secretary of the chancellery under the ministers Gerlach Adolph von Münchhausen and his brother Philipp Adolph von Münchhausen (1694–1762). From 1738 Unger was legal advisor in Moringen for several years . Since then he has published articles on cameralistics as well as price, social and agricultural statistics .

In 1746 he became consul and second mayor, later first mayor in Einbeck and at the same time Land Syndikus for the administration in the Principality of Grubenhagen . On February 14, 1747 he married Catharina Sophie Wiese, the daughter of Johann Christian Wiese, the mayor of Quedlinburg , and Catharina Sophie Temme. They had ten children; the youngest was a son born in 1760 on the Erichsburg ; two of the children died young.

The position in Einbeck was his longest professional position. From 1759 he was mayor of Göttingen , where he was also the electoral chief commissioner.

In the Seven Years' War Unger escaped arrest by the French war party in 1759 by fleeing to Einbeck to see his father-in-law and former mayor Johann Christian Wiese. Since the French continued the pursuit, both had to flee to Seesen in August 1759 and then continue to flee to Hanover and Braunschweig.

In 1761 Unger resumed his duties as mayor of Göttingen. Karl I appointed him to Brunswick in 1763 as court counselor and secretary. In 1775 he became a privy councilor. Because of his services to the finances of the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , Unger was conferred the hereditary title of nobility on January 8, 1776 by Emperor Joseph II .

invention

In 1745 Unger invented the first device that enabled machine notation . He submitted the plans to the Berlin Academy of Sciences in 1752. Johann Hohlfeld, trimmers and mechanic, built such a device in an improved version a few weeks later, which was kept in a building of the academy until it was destroyed by fire. Since Johann Georg Sulzer wrote in his General Theory of Fine Arts that it was suitable for capturing the musical "fantasies of great masters", it was also called the fantasy machine.

Awards

Fonts

  • Contributions to the Mathesi Forensi. 1744 ( Google books ).
  • On the Order of Fruit Prices and Their Influence on the Most Important Matters of Human Life. 1752.
  • About the practical use of algebra. 1753.
  • Pragmatic description of the city of Einbeck. 1756.
  • Draft of a machine whereby everything that is played on the piano is automatically put into notes: In 1752. to the Königl. Sent to the Academy of Sciences in Berlin, along with the correspondence conducted about it with Director Euler, and some other news relating to this draft. 1774. (In: Archiv für Musikwissenschaft . XXVII, 1970, pp. 192-213). ( Unger's work online ).
  • In Hanoverian Scholars Ads he published several essays on the brewing industry.

literature

  • Günther Schmitt: Johann Friedrich Unger (1714–1781) in: Agrarwirtschaft 16, 1967, pp. 201–206
  • Gertrud Mahrenholtz: Johann Friedrich Unger. Mayor in Einbeck (1746–1759), in: Einbecker Jahrbuch 29, 1970, pp. 109–111
  • Johann Beckmann : Contributions to the history of inventions, Volume 1, 1786, pp. 28–32
  • E. Schlueter, L. Wallis: Legal newspaper for the Kingdom of Hanover, Volume 3, 1828, p. 167
  • Johann Samuel Publication : Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste, Third Section, Twenty-first Part, 1846, p. 479
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Unger: Göttingen and Georgia Augusta: A description of country, city and people in the past and present, 1861, pp. 86–87
  • Horst Kruse: Estates and Government - Antipodes ?, 2000, p. 293
  • Sebastian Klotz: Combinatorics and the connecting arts of signs in music between 1630 and 1780, 2006, p. 192ff ( [1] )
  • Sebastian Klotz: tone sequences and the syntax of intoxication. Musical drawing practices 1738–1788, in: Inge Baxmann, Michael Franz , Wolfgang Schäffner (eds.): Das Laokoon-Paradigma, Zeichenregime im 18. Jahrhundert, 2000, pp. 306–338 ( [2] )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 244.
personal data
SURNAME Unger, Johann Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician, arithmetic and market researcher
DATE OF BIRTH June 26, 1714
PLACE OF BIRTH Thurnau
DATE OF DEATH February 8, 1781
Place of death Braunschweig