Johann Michael Scheffelt

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Johann Michael Scheffelt

Johann Michael Scheffelt (born March 14, 1795 in Mundingen ; † November 13, 1853 in Williamsville ) was Vogt von Steinen and republican member of the 2nd Chamber of the Baden Estates Assembly and the Baden Constituent Assembly of 1849 .

Life

Scheffelt was the son of the judge and almsman of Mundingen, Johann Jakob Scheffelt (1755-1813), and his second wife, Susanne Brodbeck († 1796). He received his training at the Lörrach Education Center and the Fellenberg School in Hofwil . On March 4, 1818, he married Verena Grether from Tumringen, the daughter of Tumring bailiff Onophrion Grether. With her he had three sons, Ernst Friedrich (1819–1866), Ludwig Onophrion (1822–1858) and Johann Friedrich (1827–1851). He was a farmer and innkeeper and also ran a brewery. In 1844 he and his family moved into a new building in Steinen, today's Gasthaus zur Sonne .

The Vogt of Steinen

On April 1, 1818, Scheffelt moved to Steinen, where he took over the farm of his widowed aunt. Based on the knowledge he acquired in Hofwil, he introduced new methods in his agriculture and switched, for example, from three-field farming to crop rotation . His success made his agriculture a model for local farmers. In 1820 he was elected to the citizens' committee and in 1822 he became Vogt of Steinen and Höllstein. He held this office until 1832 and made a name for himself in particular by initiating flood protection measures at Steinenbach and Wiese . In 1836 he was commissioned by the community to handle the tithe redemption .

The politician

He was a member of the Baden Estates Assembly (1835 to 1841) for the constituency of the offices of Schopfheim and Kandern and from 1841 to May 14, 1849 for the constituency of the office of Lörrach and was a republican in the Baden chamber. From June 10, 1849 to June 28, 1849 (during the Baden Revolution ) Scheffelt was a member of the Baden Constituent Assembly.

After the Prussians invaded Baden in 1849, Scheffelt fled to Langenbruck in Switzerland and then emigrated to the USA . He arrived in New York on November 6, 1849 with Hannah Brooker as Michel Schefelt, together with Louis Schefelt, who was 28 years his junior , and then ran a small farm in Williamsville near Cheektowaga in New York State , USA. Scheffelt grew vegetables and kept a few head of dairy cattle.

In Baden on January 28, 1850, he was sentenced to seven years in prison for high treason. His property had already been confiscated on July 16, 1849. It was only released in June 1851, whereby his sons had to pay 3,000 guilders to the state.

Hecker on Scheffelt

On April 19, 1848 - one day before the battle on the Scheideck , Friedrich Hecker came through Steinen with his group. In his memoirs he wrote: “Here, too, I met a dear old friend, Member of Parliament Scheffelt from the Baden Chamber of Deputies, who lives in Steinen. A simple, sensible man, whose political life has not been unfaithful to the cause of the people for an hour. His reception was that of a sad and worried friend, he didn't believe in the success of the move, I can say what I wanted. "

Commemoration

In his birthplace, Emmendingen-Mundingen, there is a Johann-Michael-Scheffelt-Straße.

literature

  • Ernst Friedrich Bühler : Johann Michael Scheffelt 1795–1853 . In: Ekkhart-Jahrbuch 1968, pp. 121-136.
  • Ernst Friedrich Bühler: Johann Michael Scheffelt . In: stones. Chronicle of a village , Lörrach-Haagen 1982, pp. 240–251.
  • Ulrich Peter Ecker : “No, I would rather live in a country where freedom is viewed as the greatest human happiness!” The correspondence of the Baden republican Johann Michael Scheffelt between 1849 and 1853 . In: Schau ins Land , Volume 116, 1997, pp. 291-360 online at Freiburg University Library .
  • Albrecht Krause, Sabrina Müller: Séparés par la nationalité, unis par la liberté . House of History Baden-Württemberg, 1998, p. 234 (with a portrait of Scheffelt).
  • Jan Merk: "... and believes that I am useful in America." Letters from Johann Michael Scheffelt and Wilhelm Wagner from emigration. A selection . In: Allmende , No. 56/57 (1998), pp. 116-140.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Entry on the homepage of the Research Center for German Emigrants in the USA at the University of Oldenburg .
  2. ^ According to the correspondence printed by Ecker, the Chectowaga farm was in Williamsville.
  3. ↑ Joachim Rumpf: About "Freedom". Some thoughts and experiences , p. 4 ( Memento of the original from August 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.salpeterer.net
  4. ↑ Bühler p. 240.
  5. ↑ Bühler, p. 242; with his son - who was also called Onophrion - Scheffelt later conducted a lively correspondence from his American exile.
  6. ↑ Bühler, p. 248.
  7. ^ Albrecht Krause; Sabrina Mueller; House of History Baden-Württemberg: Séparés par la nationalité, unis par la liberté. House of History Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 1998, p. 234 (with a portrait of Scheffler).
  8. ↑ See list of members of the Baden Estates Assembly in 1835 .
  9. ↑ See list of members of the Baden Estates Assembly, 1846 .
  10. ↑ for the statement to be found in Bühler p. 247 that Scheffelt as a member of the Frankfurt National Assembly cannot be found; in the Frankfurt National Assembly database online ( memento of the original dated November 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. there is no entry for Scheffelt; also in the pre-parliament he was acc. the list of members on www.bundesarchiv.de ( Memento of the original dated August 6, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. not represented. There was a Joseph Scheffold from Dürrheim with whom Scheffelt was confused. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / zhsf.gesis.org @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bundesarchiv.de
  11. ^ Entry on the homepage of the Research Center for German Emigrants in the USA at the University of Oldenburg ; Christian Friedrich Kiefer came to America on the same ship .
  12. ^ Table of contents K1 / 124 Estate of Johann Michael Scheffelt (1795-1853) in the Freiburg im Breisgau city archive .
  13. ↑ Entry on the state education server Baden-Württemberg ( memento of the original from October 15, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.schule-bw.de
  14. ↑ See Ecker, p. 296.
  15. ^ Friedrich Hecker: The survey of the people in Baden for the German republic in the spring of 1848 , Schabelitz, Basel 1848, p. 54 online at the Badische Landesbibliothek .
personal data
SURNAME Scheffelt, Johann Michael
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Scheffelt, Joh. Michael; Schefelt, Michel
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Vogt von Steinen, Member of the Constituent Assembly of the Baden State Parliament in 1849
DATE OF BIRTH March 14, 1795
PLACE OF BIRTH Mundingen
DATE OF DEATH November 13, 1853
Place of death Williamsville