Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn
Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn (born September 5, 1711 in Berlin ; † October 7, 1756 there ) was a German physician and optician .
Life
At the request of his father studied Lieberkühn three years at the University of Halle theology , and later moved to the University of Jena to physics , especially mechanics to study. There he attended seminars of the physicians Georg Erhard Hamberger (1697–1755), Hermann Friedrich Teichmeyer and Georg Wolfgang Wedel and was inspired by this to study medicine and natural sciences.
In 1733 Lieberkühn went to Rostock , where his brother Samuel was employed as a preacher . With this example, Lieberkühn was to be won over to the clergy. When his father died unexpectedly, Lieberkühn went on a study trip through Germany and in 1739 went to the University of Leiden . There he studied with the physicians Bernhard Siegfried Albinus , Hermann Boerhaave and Hieronymus David Gaub (* around 1705; † 1780). In Leiden he published his dissertation "De vulvula coli et usu processus vermicularis" and doctorate then to Dr. med. On March 18, 1737, Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn , nicknamed Daedalus II, was accepted as a member ( matriculation number 469 ) of the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina .
In 1740 Lieberkühn undertook another study trip to London where he became a member of the Royal Society , after which he stayed for several months in Paris . He then returned to Berlin as a member of the Medical College, constructed mathematical and optical instruments and worked as a resident doctor and anatomist, but was never a university professor.
At the anatomical theater , Lieberkühn worked together with the professor of surgery August Schaarschmidt .
reception
In addition to his extensive medical and scientific knowledge, Lieberkühn was also very well versed in technology. The instruments he needed, including microscopes, he designed and made himself. He further developed the sun microscope invented by Theodor Balthasar in 1710 (a projection microscope very popular in the 18th century). In addition, he created special microscopes for studying blood vessels, for example, which his contemporaries referred to as “miracle glasses”.
In addition to his physiological work, Lieberkühn became known primarily for his anatomical injection and corrosion preparations , in which he first used mineral acids for corrosion . In the course of his life he made well over 400 vascular injection preparations ; for which he had also developed his catadioptric microscope. The preparations were based primarily on the injection of wax-containing liquids into body cavities and the subsequent molding, wax burning and pouring with molten silver. Lieberkühn's crypts (also called Lieberkühn's glands or glandulae intestinales ) were named after him and were first described in detail in 1745 in “ De fabrica et actione vollorum intestinorum tenuium hominis ”.
After Lieberkühn's death, this collection of preparations came into the possession of Gottfried Christoph Beireis through the mediation of Lorenz Heister, and parts of it were regularly seen in medical cabinets, especially in Moscow , as masterpieces until the 19th century .
A collection of Lieberkühn's specimens is also located in the anatomical institute of the Humboldt University in Berlin.
Fonts (selection)
- De fabrica et actione villorum intestinorum tenuium . 1745 (illustrated by Pieter Lyonnet ).
literature
- Reinhard Hildebrand: Lieberkühn, Johann Nathanael. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 852 f.
- August Hirsch : Lieberkühn, Johann Nathanael . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, p. 576 f.
- Johann Daniel Ferdinand Neigebaur : History of the imperial Leopoldino-Carolinische German academy of natural scientists during the second century of its existence. Friedrich Frommann , Jena 1860, p. 215 digitized
- Johann Christoph Strodtmann: "The New Scholar of Europe: As a continuation of the three works that have so far been brought to light under the inscriptions, Scholarly Europe, History of Scholars and Contributions to the History of Scholarship", Part 17, Verlag Johann Christoph Meißner, Wolfenbüttel 1763 , Page 39 ff digitized
Web links
- Member entry of Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina
- Biography (HU Berlin)
- Johann Nathanael Lieberkühn at whonamedit.com
Individual evidence
- ↑ J. Stahnke: Ludwik Teichmann (1823–1895). Anatomist in Krakow. In: Würzburger medical historical reports 2, 1984, pp. 205–267; here: p. 225.
- ↑ Information on berlinintensiv.de
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Lieberkühn, Johann Nathanael |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Daedalus II |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German medic and physicist |
DATE OF BIRTH | September 5, 1711 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
DATE OF DEATH | October 7, 1756 |
Place of death | Berlin |