Johann Peter Hillen

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Johann Peter Hillen (born February 2, 1832 in Peterswald (since 1970 Peterswald -akenöffelscheid as a district of the Verbandsgemeinde Zell (Mosel) ); † June 26, 1911 in Trier ) was a German Roman Catholic clergyman. He was pastor of Dillingen / Saar and dean of the Lebach dean's office .

Life

Youth and education

Johann Peter Hillen was born as the son of Peter Hillen (1797-1848) and Margaretha Wagner (* 1803) on February 2, 1832 in Peterswald. He attended the Bischöfliche Konvikt in Trier and entered the Trier seminary after graduating from the Royal Prussian Gymnasium . In 1857 he was ordained a priest in Trier and assigned as chaplain to the parish of Mariae Himmelfahrt in Bombogen (today a district of Wittlich ). Since February 14, 1860 Hillen was chaplain of the parish of St. Laurentius in Saarburg .

Parish offices

On October 20, 1861, he was appointed pastor of the parish of St. Antonius in Bleckhausen in the Eifel (today the Daun community ). He held the office until his transfer to Dillingen in 1868 and his appointment as pastor to St. Johann (Baptist) in Dillingen / Saar.

Kulturkampf in Dillingen

As a result of the culture wars , the conflict between the Kingdom of Prussia and later the German Empire under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck and the Catholic Church was the parish of Dillingen neighboring parish of St. Maximin in the municipality leases that had been vacant since 1868, not more occupied. Thus Hillen had to look after the parish leases from 1870 to 1893. Here he built a rectory between 1871 and 1873.

In the Kulturkampf, Dillingen, as a mainly Catholic community, was badly affected. Hillen's salary was blocked so that he had to be supported by voluntary donations from the Dillingen population. In addition, Hillen was revoked from the school inspection.

The plans for new church buildings in Lenten and Dillingen were therefore a long way off. The social and charitable activities of the church in Dillingen and leases became almost impossible. Under the conditions of the Kulturkampf in Dillingen, the anti-Prussian resentment of the Catholic population of Dillingen increased. Protest meetings organized by the Center Party took place in Dillingen and many other places in the area . On May 5, 1874, chaplain Julius Wilhelm Imandt , who had been employed in Dillingen since the autumn of 1873, was arrested and imprisoned in Saarbrücken . As a result, several hundred people gathered in front of the rectory in Dillingen for a protest rally. Pastor Hillen called on the population to calm down against the Prussian government Bismarck, so that there was no escalation. Imandt remained in custody until July 1874, was expelled from Prussia in September 1874 and was only able to return to the Saar after the Kulturkampf had subsided, where he was pastor in Roden from 1888 to 1912 .

Hillen also had problems with other positions in his parish: the office of sexton and organist in Dillingen had previously been provided by a state-employed teacher. Now he was forbidden to work in the parish under threat of professional consequences by the state. The appointment of the organist Meiser also ran into difficulties, since Meiser was a member of the Catholic Center Party . The bitterness of the Catholic population persisted for a long time, but was then alleviated by the phase of economic prosperity in the so-called founding years , which also increased prosperity in Dillingen considerably.

Church buildings and renovations in Leases and Dillingen

As a result of the lack of space in the old church in Pachten, Hillen had the 12th century Romanesque church torn down and replaced in 1891/92 by a neo-Gothic church designed by Wilhelm Hector . Above the entrance to the new building in the tower, he had a bas-relief from the previous building added. It shows a man, possibly St. Maximin, fighting a dragon and a centaur with a cross and a book . In Dillingen Hillen had the parish church of St. Johann (Baptist) redesigned and painted between 1893 and 1894.

The "Saardom"

From 1898, due to the increase in population, the construction of a larger parish church on what was then the northern edge of the city was planned. The architect was Wilhelm Hector , who designed a neo-Romanesque basilica with two towers, each with four dormers, and an octagonal crossing tower. The transept arms should be straight. The nave up to the crossing was planned to have three bays. This construction was not realized. Hillen's successor in office, Mathias Joseph Prior , and representatives of the community rejected this design and in 1908 commissioned the young Trier architect Peter Marx with the new building.

  • Dillingen, Church of the Holy Sacrament, "Saardom"

  • Dillingen, St. Johann Baptist

  • Leases, St. Maximin, old Romanesque church

  • Lease, neo-Gothic church "St. Maximin and the 14 helpers in need"

Dean's office

On February 6, 1904, Hillen was appointed Definitor of the Lebach II deanery and on July 1, 1907, he was appointed Dean of the Lebach deanery. In the same year Hillen celebrated his golden jubilee as a priest on August 29th in Dillingen.

Illness and farewell to Dillingen

Because of Hillen's illness, he renounced the parish on October 1, 1907 and left Dillingen on October 14, 1907 without any farewell ceremony. He died on June 26, 1911 in Trier and was buried behind the old Johanneskirche in Dillingen at the foot of the Hillenkreuz named after him .

Awards

In Dillingen, Hillenplatz, Hillenstrasse and Hillenschule were named after Hillen.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ David Blackbourn: Marpingen - The German Lourdes in the Bismarckian Age , Historical Contributions of the Saarbrücken State Archives, Vol. 6, Saarbrücken 2007, ISBN 978-3-9808556-8-6 , p. 129.
  2. ↑ Manfred Kostka: History of the parish of Dillingen from its beginnings to the division in 1935 . In: Katholisches Bildungswerk Dillingen-Nalbach eV (ed.): 100 years of Saardom, Holy Sacrament Dillingen, 1000 years of the Dillingen parish, commemorative publication for the anniversary of the church consecration on April 25, 2013 , Dillingen / Saar 2012, pp. 17–65, here p 58.
  3. ↑ Minutes of the municipal council from November 21, 1879.
  4. ^ Stadtarchiv Dillingen, report from the mayor of Fraulautern to the Saarlouis district administrator from June 25, 1874.
  5. ↑ Karl Kammer: Trier Kulturkampfiester, selection of some prominent priest figures from the time of the Prussian Kulturkampf, based on authentic reports with a short life of the Blessed Bishop Matthias Eberhard and an introduction , Trier 1926, pp. 53-58.
  6. ^ Aloys Lehnert: History of the city of Dillingen Saar . Druckerei Krüger, Dillingen 1968, pp. 178–179.
  7. ^ Draft printed in: Katholisches Bildungswerk Dillingen-Nalbach eV (Hrsg.): 100 years Saardom, Holy Sacrament Dillingen, 1000 years parish Dillingen . Dillingen 2012. p. 84.
  8. ↑ Kath. Pfarramt Hl. Sacrament Dillingen (Ed.): Hl. Sakrament Dillingen / Saar, church chronicle on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the consecration of the catholic parish church Holy Sacrament, Dillingen / Saar, on November 17th 1963, Dillingen 1963, p. 20th
  9. ^ Manfred Kostka: Memories of Johann Peter Hillen, pastor of Dillingen . In: Our homeland 11th vol. No. 3/4 (1986), pp. 90–94.
personal data
SURNAME Hillen, Johann Peter
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Roman Catholic pastor
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1832
PLACE OF BIRTH Peterswald
DATE OF DEATH June 26, 1911
Place of death trier