Johann Rudolph Christiani

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Johann Rudolf Christiani

Christoph Johann Rudolph Christiani (born April 15, 1761 in Norby , † January 6, 1841 in Lüneburg ) was a Danish-German educator and Lutheran theologian.

Life

Christiani came from Norby, which today belongs to Rieseby near Eckernförde . There was the pastorate of the parish Rieseby, where his father Wilhelm Carl Christiani (1723–81) was pastor. Christiani's mother Anna Sophia Langreuter (1732–98) also came from a pastor's family. In 1778 Christiani began studying theology at Christian Albrechts University in Kiel .

In 1788 he received his first pastor as a pastor in fishing in southern Schleswig , where he looked after the then independent parishes of Kahleby and Moldenit, both today in the parish of Schaalby . A little later, Christiani married the later writer and women's rights activist Caroline Auguste, née. Venturini (later Fischer). A daughter born in Kahleby died at the age of three. Through his publications, u. a. The letters published in 1790 to encourage further reflection on the most appropriate arrangement of public worship drew such attention to himself that in 1793 he was appointed the - last - German court preacher in Copenhagen , where he was the German voice in Danish for the time of his being State became. Christiani's publications and sermons in Copenhagen came out in Danish, or at least in Danish translation.

In 1795 he founded an educational institute in Copenhagen, the “ Philanthropin Copenhagen ”, which, in accordance with the ideal of philanthropism, placed great emphasis on the physical exercise of the students as well as on musical and technical skills. The school existed until 1802. In order to make his pedagogical principles known, he published a number of writings, including Zur Veredlung der Menschheit . His son Carl Rudolf Ferdinand Christiani, who later became known as a liberal politician in the Kingdom of Hanover , was born in Copenhagen in 1797 . From 1798 he lived separated from his wife, and in 1801 they divorced. In the same year he married Anna Mette Hallager.

In 1809 he became chief pastor at the Johanniskirche in Oldenburg in Holstein and in 1812 provost at the Michaeliskirche in Eutin ( Principality of Lübeck ). In 1814 he was drawn to his last position in life in Lüneburg, where he became pastor primarius and superintendent in 1814 and founded the first public school next to the Johanneum grammar school . For ten years (1815-1825) he published the Lüneburg weekly and intelligence paper. He received his doctorate in theology from the University of Marburg in 1817 . The Christiani School in Lüneburg is named after him.

Works

(Selection)

  • Contributing to the advancement of true wisdom, virtue, and happiness
  • For the ennoblement of humanity , 2 volumes and an appendix Copenhagen 1796–1799

Awards

  • Honorary Citizen of the City of Lüneburg (1832)

literature

Web links

Commons : Johann Rudolf Christiani  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sigrun Schmid: Escape from "self-inflicted immaturity" , Würzburg 1999, ISBN 3-8260-1566-5 , p. 267, note 38 ( Google Books )
  2. ^ Christian school
  3. ↑ List of honorary citizens of the Hanseatic City of Lüneburg
personal data
SURNAME Christiani, Johann Rudolph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Christiani, Christoph Johann Rudolph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Danish-German pedagogue and theologian
DATE OF BIRTH April 15, 1761
PLACE OF BIRTH Norby
DATE OF DEATH January 6, 1841
Place of death Luneburg