St. Michaelis Church (Eutin)

The St. Michaelis Church

Tower of the St. Michaelis Church

Gothic choir with the restored Cassius altar

The St. Michaelis Church in Eutin (Schleswig-Holstein) was built in the 12th century in the Romanesque style. Since 1309 it has been the seat of the Eutin Collegiate Monastery . Around the same time it received a Gothic choir.

history

When exactly the church was built cannot be said. It is believed that Bishop Gerold von Oldenburg / Lübeck had a wooden chapel built between 1155 and 1163. After assessing the artistic and technical features, it is assumed that today's Romanesque building could not have started until 1180 at the earliest and was probably only completed under Bishop Berthold (1210–1230).

The emergence of the bourgeoisie in the 13th century led to disputes between the representatives of the bourgeois and clerical power in the neighboring Hanseatic city of Lübeck. Lübeck's Bishop Burkhard von Serkem fled several times from the Lübeck Cathedral to his personal residence in Eutin and founded the Eutin Collegiate Foundation there in 1309 , which promoted the conversion of the Michaeliskirche from the Romanesque to the Gothic style. In doing so, he demonstratively expanded his residence city opposite his official bishopric in the Hanseatic city. The collegiate monastery Eutin gained in importance and received, among other things, possessions in the area between Oldenburg in Holstein and Heiligenhafen .

The Collegiate Foundation Eutin, which was part of the Hochstift Lübeck , was secularized as a result of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803 - its properties were administered from 1804 by the newly formed Office Kollegiatstift in the Principality of Lübeck . The St. Michaelis Church was until 1977 the bishop's church of the Evangelical Lutheran Regional Church in Eutin . The last bishop of this regional church was Wilhelm Kieckbusch .

Construction and equipment

The church is a Romanesque building. It was originally built in the form of a 40 m long basilica and is characterized as an episcopal collegiate church . The Michaeliskirche was the largest church building in the vicinity. From 1309 the choir and apse were replaced by the Gothic choir that still exists today .

The furnishings that have been preserved to this day include a wooden cross from the 13th century, the Mary's chandelier from 1322, a seven-armed bronze chandelier from 1444, a bronze baptism from 1511 and the epitaph of Jakob Brüggemann from 1600.

Christian Cassius , prince-bishop's chancellery director and dean of the collegiate monastery, donated the Cassius altar, later named after him, in 1667 with pictures of the Lord's Supper (predella) and the resurrection of Christ painted by Jürgen Ovens . The altar, which is only partially preserved, was for a long time in the Ostholstein Museum Eutin . Since the redesign of the chancel in 2007, both paintings have been placed in the Michaeliskirche again.

Bell jar

The bell of St. Michaelis Church was cast in 1594. After the Second World War she was in the Hamburg bell cemetery, from which she was transferred to her home country in 1953. In 1962 the bell was installed above the ridge of the nave and acted as a clock chime. It was not until 1982, with the support of the Federation of Expellees and the Eutin Building Guild , that it was installed in the tower room, including clapper , belfry and yoke , where it is still located today.

organ

Metzler organ from 1987

The organ was built in 1987 by the organ construction company Metzler (Dietikon, Switzerland). The slider chests -instrument has 35  registers on three manuals and pedal . The playing and stop actions are mechanical.

I Rückpositiv C – g 3 1. Reed flute 8th' 2. Quintad 8th' 3. Principal 4 ′ 4th Flute 4 ′ 5. octave 2 ′ 6th Sesquialtera II 7th Larigot 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′ 8th. Scharff III 1' 9. Dulcian 8th' Tremulant

II Hauptwerk C – g 3 10. Bourdon 16 ′ 11. Principal 8th' 12. Gamba 8th' 13. Hollow flute 8th' 14th octave 4 ′ 15th Pointed flute 4 ′ 16. Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ 17th Super octave 2 ′ 18th Cornet V 8th' 19th Mixture IV 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′ 20th Trumpet 8th' Zimbelstern

III Breastwork C – g 3 21st Dumped 8th' 22nd Reed flute 4 ′ 23. Forest flute 2 ′ 24. Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ 25th third 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′ 26th Principal 1' 27. Vox humana 8th' Tremulant

Pedal C – f 1 28. Sub bass 16 ′ 29 Principal bass 8th' 30th Bourdon 8th' 31. octave 4 ′ 32. Mixture IV 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ 33. trombone 16 ′ 34. Trumpet 8th' 35. Clairon 4 ′

• Coupling : I / II, I / P, II / P

Pastors

Brüggemann epitaph

Leading clergy

• Paulus Severini , Eutins reformer, pastor 1535–1569
• Paul Junge , pastor 1569–1585
• Nicolaus Jäger , pastor 1585–1612
• Samuel Praetorius , pastor 1633–1666, chronicler
• Daniel Janus , superintendent 1644-1654
• Christian von Stökken , superintendent 1666–1678
• Johann Wilhelm Petersen , Superintendent 1678–1688
• Christian Specht , superintendent 1689–1692
• Johann Daniel Bütemeister , superintendent 1693–1709
• David Ebersbach , Superintendent 1709-1726
• Joachim Küsterbeck , Superintendent 1726–1729
• Hinrich Balemann , Superintendent 1734–1761
• Melchior Heinrich Wolff , superintendent 1772–1786
• Jacob Leonhard Vogel , superintendent 1788–1798
• Johann Christoph Friedrich Götschel , superintendent 1799–1812
• Johann Rudolph Christiani , superintendent 1813–1814
• Detlev Olshausen , superintendent 1815–1823
• Albrecht Heinrich Matthias Cooking , Superintendent 1824–1839

(Vacancy)

• Nicolaus Nielsen Superintendent 1850-1853
• Anton Friedrich Christoph Wallroth , superintendent 1853–1876
• Justus Rupert , Superintendent 1876-1891
• Theodor Valentiner , Superintendent 1891–1909
• Paul Rahtgens , Superintendent 1910–1920, Provost 1920–1929
• Wilhelm Kieckbusch , Provost 1930–1961, Bishop 1961–1977

More pastors

• Gustav Pfeiffer (1768–1831), deacon from 1802, compastor 1809, senior pastor 1815–1831
• Friedrich Encke (1782–1852), 1816 preacher and from 1833 senior pastor

See also

• Diocese of Lübeck and list of the bishops of Lübeck
• Fürstbistum Lübeck and list of the prince-bishops of Lübeck
• Principality of Lübeck

literature

• Andreas Röpcke : The Eutin Collegiate Foundation in the Middle Ages 1309–1535 . In: Sources and research on the history of Schleswig-Holstein . Volume 71, Neumünster 1977.
• Andreas Röpcke: The Eutin collegiate monastery in the late medieval field of tension . In: Yearbook for local history of the Ostholstein district . Eutin 1978, pp. 41-45.
• Otto Rönnpag: The Eutin Collegiate Foundation . In: Yearbook for local history of the Ostholstein district . Eutin 1984 (pp. 23-29).

Web links

Commons : St. Michaelis (Eutin)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website
• http://www.kreis-oh.de/index.phtml?NavID=248.29&La=1
• History data

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Gertrud Schlüter-Göttsche: The painting of the resurrection of Christ by Jürgen Ovens from the Cassius altar formerly Michaeliskirche Eutin , in: Nordelbingen 40 (1971), pp. 77-90
2. ↑ According to the pictures in Sacred Treasures in the Michaeliskirche in Eutin ; Figure in the picture index
3. ↑ ^{a b} From 30 years of sponsorship Gifhorn-Flatow - 1985 - Anniversary publication of the Flatow district
4. ↑ Information on the organ ( Memento of the original dated December 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ Heinrich Aye: The Uthin Church Memorial . Struve, Eutin 1885, p. 10 .
6. ↑ Heinrich Aye: The Uthin Church Memorial . Struve, Eutin 1885, p. 11 .
7. ^ List according to Walter Körber (ed.): Churches in Vicelins Land: an Eutinian church history. Eutin: Struve 1977, p. 287

Coordinates: 54 ° 8 ′ 13.7 ″  N , 10 ° 37 ′ 0.9 ″  E