Johann the Younger of Rabstein

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Johann d. J. von Rabstein (also Johann [es] von Rabenstein ; Czech Jan z Rabštejna ; Latin Ioannis Rabensteinensis ; * 1437 ; †  November 18, 1473 in Ofen ) was a Bohemian nobleman and humanist . From 1453 he was provost of the collegiate monastery Vyšehrad and from 1457 burgrave of Vyšehrad . He was also entrusted with diplomatic missions by the Bohemian King George of Podebrady and the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus .

Life

Johann d. J. von Rabstein descended from the Bohemian knight dynasty of the Rabstein plow . His parents were Johann II von Rabstein († before 1450), who was in the service of King Sigismund , and Juliane, a daughter of Tobias von Waldau on Waldthurn . He still had the brother of the same name, Johann d. Ä. († 1457) and also older brother Prokop von Rabstein .

Johann d. J. was chosen by his parents for the spiritual profession. It is not known when he was ordained a priest. In 1447 he is documented as provost of the collegiate monastery in Leitmeritz and in 1453 he became provost of the collegiate monastery Vyšehrad. In 1454 he began studying canon law at the University of Bologna . After his brother Johann d. Ä. von Rabstein, who held the office of burgrave on the Vyšehrad , died of the plague in 1457, Johann d. J. returned to Bohemia from Italy and succeeded him in this position.

On behalf of King George of Podebrady, elected in 1458, he took over an embassy to Rome in 1459 to the newly elected Pope Pius II , whom he knew personally through his brother Prokop. In 1461 he received his doctorate presumably at the University of Pavia as Doctor decretorum . In 1462 he was appointed papal protonotary and stayed in Rome the same year, where he was supposed to mediate in the conflict between King George and the Curia . Since he was unsuccessful with this assignment and also got into a personal conflict from his position as a royal official and a priest of the Catholic Church, he withdrew from public life. Between 1464 and 1467 he stayed repeatedly privately in Pavia . Then he finally returned to Bohemia, where he stayed on the estate of the Vyšehrad collegiate monastery in Prachatitz . Although he criticized the excommunication of George von Podebrady imposed by the Pope in 1466, he continued to be obedient to the Pope. From around 1468 he was on the side of the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus , who should strengthen the Catholic side in Bohemia.

To justify his attitude, he wrote the Latin "Dialogus" in Prachatitz in 1469, which was one of the first works of humanism in Bohemia. The work is about a fictional conversation between him and three other Bohemian noblemen with different political and religious views. In this dialogue he defends King George of Podebrady in his conflict with the Catholic aristocratic opposition in 1467. At the same time, he places the dogma of faith represented by the Catholic clergy under the principle of humanity and the common good. Although the script was initially only accessible to a few educated people, it had a lasting influence on later Bohemian humanism.

Even after the death of Georg von Podiebrad in 1471, Johann d. J. von Rabenstein continued the Bohemian rival king Matthias Corvinus . As its representative he took part in the official opening of the University of Ingolstadt in 1472 . A year later he was sent to Poland on a diplomatic mission, where he was taken prisoner. After his release he died on November 18, 1473 in Ofen . His extensive Prachatitz library came to Schlägl Abbey in the Mühlviertel shortly afterwards .

Works

  • Dialogus sive Disputatio Varonuni Bohemiae, Zdenkonis de Sternberg, Wilhelmi de Rabie, Johannes de Schwanberg et Johannis Rabensteinii de bello contra regem Georgium 1467 moto "Cum ex urbe"
  • Wonderful and cheerful face / seen so new / that means one doubtful future terrible thing . Wittenberg, 1534.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Joachim Bahlcke , Winfried Eberhard, Miloslav Polívka (eds.): Handbook of historical sites . Volume: Bohemia and Moravia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 329). Kröner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8 , p. 468f.
personal data
SURNAME Rabstein, Johann the Younger from
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Johann von Rabenstein; Jan z Rabštejna (Czech); Iohannis Rabensteinensis (Latin)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bohemian nobleman and humanist; Probst and Burgrave of Vyšehrad, diplomat for Kings Georg of Podebrady and Matthias Corvinus
DATE OF BIRTH 1437
DATE OF DEATH November 18, 1473
Place of death oven