Johannes Fabricius Montanus

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Johannes Fabricius Montanus (actually Johannes / Jean / Hans Schmid ; * in the fall of 1527 in Bergheim , Alsace ; † September 5, 1566 in Chur ) was a reformed clergyman, neo-Latin poet and polymath .

Life

He was born as the son of butchers Jakob Schmid and Klara Jud in Bergheim, Alsace. He began his school education at the age of seven in Zurich with his mother's brother, the reformer Leo Jud . He moved to Basel and then to Strasbourg , where the Protestant reformer Martin Bucer was working at the time. After a short stopover in Zurich, he finally began studying theology at the University of Marburg in 1545 , where one of his teachers was the Reformed theologian Andreas Hyperius . His friends there, including the neo-Latin poet Petrus Lotichus , introduced him to poetry and at the same time aroused his interest in botany.

With Lotichus he moved to the University of Wittenberg in 1546 to listen to the lectures of Philipp Melanchthon , and on this occasion also briefly visited Joachim Camerarius the Elder in Leipzig . After completing his studies, he returned to Zurich in 1547, where he was given a position as a teacher at the Grossmünster School, and in 1551 became its rector. For his successful work, he was granted Zurich citizenship there. He maintained contacts with his former teacher, the Hebraist Konrad Pelikan and the doctor and naturalist Conrad Gessner . Among other things, he wrote an elegy on Wilhelm Tell ( De Wilhelmo Thellio elegia ). In 1557, probably because of his achievements in Zurich and on the recommendation of the Zurich reformer Heinrich Bullinger , he succeeded the Chur city preacher Johannes Comander .

Here he contributed to the spread of the Reformed faith in Graubünden , especially in the Prättigau , which was with his passports in the field of tension and influence of the rival Catholic powers Spain and France. In addition to his work as a clergyman, which was not free from setbacks - this is how his attempt to secularize the diocese of Chur failed - he also devoted himself to literary activity here. At the same time he led botanical excursions in the high mountains there, the results of which he sent to Gesner in Zurich. When the plague broke out in Chur, he refused to abandon his community; eventually he became a victim of the plague himself. He died as an important Graubünden reformer and an important poet of his time.

Works

  • Differentiae animalium quadrupedum. Zurich 1555. Digitized
  • Poemata. Sylvarum liber unus de Consulibus Tigurinis liber primus. Gessner, Zurich 1556
  • De itinere ad montem Utliacum. 1551.
  • Sobrietatis oratio invectiva in Ebrietatem. Zurich 1555.
  • Oratio. Qva Docetvr, Concilivm Tridentinum sine scelere à Christianis hominibus frequentari non posse . Oporinus, Basel 1562. Digitized
  • De Providentia Dei. Oporinus, Basel 1563.
  • Pro Christi Ecclesia, aduersus improbas Fontidonii et Cardilli Hispanoru ,, pro concilio Tridentino, calumnias, ad Germanos, iusta defensio . Curteus, Geneva 1565
  • Thesaurus Dictionum Hagiographicae Linguae Chaldaeae Ex Canonicae Antiquitatis Puritate, Danielis nempe & Ezrae residuis monumentis Chaldaeis collectus . Gorman, Wittenberg 1606. Digitized
  • Methodus studiorum. Zurich 1617.

Editions and translations

  • Theodor Vulpinus (translator): The Latin poet Johannes Fabricius Montanus (from Bergheim in Alsace) 1527–1566. His autobiography in prose and verse along with some of his poems. Heitz and Mündel, Strasbourg 1894 (p. 3 catalog raisonné).
  • Harry C. Schnur (translator): Latin poems by German humanists. 2nd, improved edition. Reclam, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-15-008739-2 , pp. 128-139 ( De Wilhelmo Thellio Elegía , with translation).
  • Heinz Schmitz (translator): Arkadischer Uetliberg. Theodor Collins "De itinere ad montem Utliacum" (1551) together with Latin texts on the beauty of mountaineering. Rohr, Zurich 1978
  • Siegmar Döpp (Ed.): Ioannes Fabricius Montanus. The two Latin autobiographies. Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-515-07455-4

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Fabricius Montanus, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schmid, Johannes; Schmid, Jean
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Graubünden reformer and neo-Latin poet of humanism
DATE OF BIRTH 1527
PLACE OF BIRTH Bergheim , Alsace
DATE OF DEATH September 5, 1566
Place of death Chur