Johannes Rudbeckius

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Monument to Rudbeckius in Västerås

Johannes Rudbeckius (the elder), also Johan Rudbeck (born April 3, 1581 in Ormesta (today part of Örebro ), † August 8, 1646 in Västerås ) was a Swedish Lutheran theologian and the most important bishop of the great power period in Sweden .

Life

Rudbeckius' father Johan Pedersson Rudbeck (1550-1603) came from Holstein and was town clerk in Örebro, where Rudbeck attended Latin school. After further training in Strängnäs and Uppsala , he went to study Protestant theology in Wittenberg in 1601 , where he received his master's degree in 1603 . He then continued his studies at the University of Jena . By Jacob Martini embossed, Rudbeck had a leading role in the founding of the Protestant school metaphysics through his later publications, the influences of neo-scholasticism ( Francisco Suárez , Giacomo Zabarella ) recorded.

1604 Rudbeckius became professor of mathematics in Uppsala. After another trip to Germany, he became professor of Hebrew in 1610 and of theology in 1611. 1613 Rudbeckius was rector of the university. After a violent dispute with his colleague Johannes Messenius , King Gustav II Adolf appointed him court preacher in 1613. There he was primarily concerned with revising the Bible translation that was first printed in 1541 and published in 1618.

After receiving his doctorate in theology in 1617, Rudbeckius began his service as Bishop of the Swedish Lutheran Church in Västerås in 1619 . Here he worked particularly as a reformer of the education system. The grammar school he founded in 1623 was considered a model school for Sweden. In 1632, the first girls' school in Sweden was set up alongside him. The nationwide introduction of church records ( Folkbokföring ) in the parishes of the diocese and the introduction of mandatory catechization visits ( husförhör ) are also significant . In 1627 he carried out an inspection in Estonia and Ingermanland on behalf of the king . After Gustav Adolf's death in 1632, Rudbeckius (who had already opposed the plans to create a senior consistory from 1623) got into violent conflicts with Axel Oxenstierna , who reigned and wanted to reduce some of the privileges of the church. In numerous publications and submissions to the Reichstag , Rudbeckius successfully advocated the independence of the church and adherence to Orthodox Lutheranism.

From his second marriage to Magdalena Hising (1602–1649) Rudbeckius had eleven children, of which Petrus Johannis Rudbeckius (1625–1701) became bishop in Skara in 1692 , Nicolaus Johannis Rudbeckius (1622–1676) like the father bishop in Västerås and Johannes Rudbeckius the younger (1623–1667) superintendent. The second youngest son Olof Rudbeck the Elder (1630–1702) was a famous botanist and medicin.

Fonts (selection)

  • Articvli Christianæ religionis ... Brevibus aphorismis comprehensi, & a 4th May anni 1611. ad 3. Martij anni 1613. viginti quatvor disputationibus, privatim propositi & ventilati . Uppsala 1615 (collection of disputations)
  • Dagbok . Edited by B. Rud. Hall. 1938.
  • Loci theologici. Föreläsningar vid Uppsala Universitet 1611–1613 . Edited by Bengt Hägglund. 2001.
  • Kyrkio-Stadgar För Westerås Stift . Edited by Herman Lundström . 1900 (repr. 2010).

literature

See also

personal data
SURNAME Rudbeckius, Johannes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rudbeck, Johan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish Lutheran theologian and the most important bishop of the great power era in Sweden
DATE OF BIRTH April 3, 1581
PLACE OF BIRTH Ormesta (now part of Örebro )
DATE OF DEATH August 8, 1646
Place of death Västerås