Josef Schlesinger

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Circa 1890

Josef Schlesinger (born December 31, 1831 in Hermesdorf , † April 10, 1901 in Vienna ) was an Austrian geodesist , natural philosopher , representative of a monetary reform and politician ( CS ).

Life

A weaver by trade , Schlesinger took up a position at the Mährisch-Schönberg district administration in 1850 , before he began studying at the technical department of the Vienna Polytechnic in 1851 and later took the teaching examination for descriptive geometry . In 1860 Schlesinger became an assistant at the Institute for Descriptive Geometry . In 1865 he passed the teaching examination for mathematics and mechanical engineering for high schools and qualified as a professor at the Polytechnic Institute for graphic computing and graphic statics in 1866 and in 1869 for descriptive geometry. From 1870 he was an associate professor , from 1871 a full professor for mathematics, geometry and mechanics at the Mariabrunn Forest Academy and, after its closure in 1875, a full professor for performing and practical geometry at the kuk Hochschule für Bodenkultur in Vienna . Schlesinger held lectures on field measurements and lower and higher geodesy and improved geodetic measuring devices and working methods. On October 15, 1889 he became rector of the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences.

Relief on Schlesinger's grave

Schlesinger also wrote works on natural philosophy . According to his doctrine called energism - a kind of energetics - matter is a form of condensed forces (a "primal force") or energies of absolute space. Building on this, he created a doctrine of evolution in 1882 based on a generally effective world ether .

As a Christian social politician, Schlesinger was a member of the Reichsrat (1891–1901), Vienna City Council (1895–1901) under Mayor Karl Lueger and District Chairman of the 8th Viennese district Josefstadt .

Schlesinger rejected the Austro-Hungarian compromise and was particularly criticized for aggressive anti-Semitic rhetoric by Karl Kraus in the torch as a plagiarist of the British pioneer of the theory of racial purity Houston Stewart Chamberlain .

With regard to the monetary policy of the empire, he was critical of the binding to the gold standard that was ultimately implemented and, together with Wenzel Schober, represented a free "people's money" created by the state for the "liberation of states and peoples from the clutches of high finance". He was one of the initiators of Feder's pamphlet on breaking interest bondage .

In 1901, Josef-Schlesinger-Strasse in Vienna- Penzing (14th district) was named after him. Schlesingerplatz in Vienna-Josefstadt, also named after him in 1901, was renamed after Therese Schlesinger (SDAP) on February 21, 2006 . Schlesinger is buried in a grave of honor in the Vienna Central Cemetery (group 14 A, number 23).

Fonts

Grave of Josef Schlesinger in the Vienna Central Cemetery
  • Representation of the collinear projections and projective basic laws in a form suitable for descriptive geometry. (A contribution to the design of descriptive geometry in the sense of newer geometry) , Vienna 1868.
  • The teaching method of descriptive geometry in the sense of the newer geometry at Realschulen , Vienna 1872.
  • Descriptive geometry in the sense of modern geometry , Vienna 1870.
  • The geodetic tachygraph and the tachygraph planimeter: instruments for the quick and precise construction of the detailed plans to be produced from the data of the theodolite measurements, as well as for the averaging of the areas; along with studies on the dragonfly and the reversible leveling telescope . Vienna 1877.
  • Maximum errors in polygonizations and their significance in surveying practice , Vienna 1881.
  • The emergence of the physical and spiritual world from the ether , Vienna 1882.
  • The mental mechanics of nature: Attempt to establish an anti-materialistic natural science , Leipzig 1888.
  • The solemn inauguration of the Rector of the Imperial and Royal College of Soil culture on October 15, 1889: The essence of the material and the general space .
  • Energism. The doctrine of the absolutely resting, substantial essence of the general space and the creative elemental force working from it , Berlin 1901.
  • About the language in mathematical school books , Berlin 1904.

literature

Web links

Commons : Josef Schlesinger  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Vienna's street names since 1860 as “Political Places of Remembrance” (PDF; 4.4 MB), p. 64f, final research project report, Vienna, July 2013
  2. ^ Meyer's large conversation lexicon: energetics
  3. ^ Rudolf Eisler's Philosophen Lexicon: Josef Schlesinger
  4. ↑ See list of Schlesinger's works.
  5. ^ Wolfgang Fritz: Stars and Alleys . LIT Verlag Münster, 2016, ISBN 978-3-643-50760-0 ( com.ph [accessed January 6, 2019]).
  6. ^ Gerhard G. Senft, Helmut Reinalter: Before the catastrophe: the economic policy of the corporate state; Austria 1934-1938 . Braumüller, 2002, ISBN 978-3-7003-1402-8 ( com.ph [accessed January 6, 2019]).
  7. ↑ audio images , article on oe1. orf.at of September 29, 2012
personal data
SURNAME Schlesinger, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian geodesist, natural philosopher and politician (CS), member of the state parliament
DATE OF BIRTH December 31, 1831
PLACE OF BIRTH Hermesdorf
DATE OF DEATH April 10, 1901
Place of death Vienna