Penzing (Vienna)
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Penzing XIV. Viennese district |
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| coat of arms | map |
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| Geographic location : | 48 ° 12 ′ N , 16 ° 19 ′ E |
| Surface: | 33.82 km² |
| Residents: | 93,634 (January 1, 2020) |
| Population density : | 2769 inhabitants / km² |
| Postal code : | 1140 |
| Address of the district council: |
Hütteldorfer Strasse 188 1140 Vienna |
| Address of the district office: |
Hietzinger Kai 1–3 1130 Vienna |
| Website: | www.wien.gv.at |
| politics | |
| District Head : | Michaela Schüchner ( SPÖ ) |
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District council election 2015 |
A total of 56 seats |
| Map: Penzing with parts of the district | |
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Penzing is the 14th district of Vienna . It consists of the parts Penzing , Breitensee , Baumgarten , Hütteldorf and Hadersdorf-Weidlingau . It borders in the west and northwest on the Lower Austrian communities Purkersdorf , Mauerbach and Klosterneuburg and in the city of Vienna on the districts (clockwise from the northeast) Hernals , Ottakring , Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus and Hietzing .
geography
Penzing is located in the west of Vienna and with an area of 33.96 km² is the fourth largest district of Vienna. Penzing thus occupies 8.2% of the area of Vienna. The district is bounded in the south to the 13th district Hietzing by the Wien River , in the northwest, where the district has large parts of the Vienna Woods , it meets the federal state of Lower Austria. From north to east the district border runs along the 17th district of Hernals , the 16th district of Ottakring and the 15th district of Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus .
Penzing is the district with the second largest proportion of green space in Vienna. Forests alone take up 47.4% of the district area. The highest point of the district is in the area of the Schutzengelberg (508 meters), the lowest at the intersection of Winckelmannstrasse / Linke Wienzeile (around 189 meters).
geology
Penzing lies in the transition area between the Alps and the Vienna Basin . The geology of Penzing is divided into two larger zones. In the west lies the wooded and mountainous area of the alpine flysch zone (sandstone Viennese forest ). This extends to the Baumgartenbrücke line and the Flötzersteig / Waidäckergasse crossing over the outskirts and takes up most of the district area. Flat hills without steeper slopes are characteristic of this area. Only the streams have cut relatively deep valleys (ravines) in their upper reaches. The flysch zone is divided into a flynord and a south zone. In between is the 2.5 to 3 km wide Schottenhof zone (also the main cliff zone), which consists of a variety of rock types. The Vienna Basin lies east of the flysch zone. The terrain is less accentuated, only the Wiental slopes steeply.
mountains
The highest mountains are in the northwest of the district area. The highest mountain is the Schutzengelberg at 508 meters on the border with Lower Austria. The neighboring Rosskopf (507 meters) to the southeast near the Sofienalpe is only slightly lower . Also in the northwest of the district are the Hochbruckenberg (497 meters), the Steinerne Lahn (448 meters), the Hohe Wand north of the Greutberg (449 meters) with the well-known ski lift or, in summer, a summer toboggan run, and the Kolbeterberg (426 meters), the Hühnersteig (415 meters) and the Lebereck (395 meters). South of the Vienna, near Weidlingau, lies the Mühlberg (311 meters). The Wolfersberg (322 meters) is already in the built-up area of Hadersdorf, to the east of it the Satzberg (435 meters) and the Hüttelberg (345 meters).
Waters
Penzing has numerous streams and rivers in its district thanks to its shares in the Vienna Woods . With the exception of the upper reaches of the Als (Dornbach) on the northern district border, all streams drain into the Wien River , which forms the southern district border. The Vienna has always had the greatest importance for the district, and in times before regulation (e.g. through the Auhof retention basin ) it regularly caused flooding. The most important feeder in the district is the Mauerbach flowing from Lower Austria to Penzing . This takes on numerous Wienerwald streams , including Steinbach , Hannbaumbach , Hainbach , Kasgraben and Kolbeterberggraben . To the west of the Mauerbach the Wurzbach flows into the Vienna, to the east the Halterbach with its feeder Wolfsgraben. The Rosenbach is also located in the district area , but it is led into a brook canal just before Linzer Straße . The Ameisbach, which rises at Steinhof and originally flowed into Vienna via the Ameisbachzeile and Ameisgasse, was completely canalized.
Neighboring districts and municipalities
The southern district border of Penzing opposite Hietzing runs essentially along the right bank of the Wien River . Only a small area of the district area in the south-west ( Weidlingau and Auhof ) and an area strip around the Nikolaisteg lie south of Vienna. In the southeast, Penzing borders on the Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus district . The district border runs along the Schlossallee - Mariahilfer Straße - Winckelmannstraße - Linzer Straße - Johnstraße - Fenzlgasse - Beckmanngasse - Hütteldorfer Straße and Schanzstraße . Penzing borders Ottakring in the north . The border runs in the west from Steinbruchstraße to Flötzersteig, Spiegelgrundstraße, Sanatoriumstraße, Reizenpfenniggasse, Hansl-Schmid-Gasse and Johann-Staud-Straße. Then the border between Gallitzinberg and Satzberg runs through the Vienna Woods to Amundsenstraße. Together with the upper reaches of the Als (Dornbach), this forms the border with Hernals . In the north-west and west, Penzing in the Vienna Woods borders on the Lower Austrian communities of Klosterneuburg , Mauerbach , Gablitz and Purkersdorf (from north-east to south-west).
District parts
Penzing was formed from the five former communities of Penzing , Breitensee , Baumgarten , Hütteldorf and Hadersdorf-Weidlingau . The district area is now essentially divided into the seven cadastral communities of Penzing, Hütteldorf, Hadersdorf, Weidlingau, Oberbaumgarten, Unterbaumgarten and Breitensee. Smaller parts of Auhof and Hacking are also in the district area.
The district area is further broken down into the counting districts of the official statistics, in which the counting areas of the municipality are summarized. The twelve counting districts in Penzing are Breitensee, An der Windmühle, Penzing, Unter-Baumgarten, Am Ameisbach, Ober-Baumgarten, Hugo Breitner-Hof, Baumgartner Friedhof-Flötzersteig, Am Steinhof, Hütteldorf, Wolfersberg and Hadersdorf-Weidlingau. In spite of the fact that some names are identical, the boundaries of the census districts do not match those of the cadastral communities.
Land use
The construction area of Penzing covers 26.50% of the district area (Vienna-wide 33.3%), whereby this is the fourth-lowest value of a Viennese district. 74.6% of the building area itself is divided into residential areas and 14.9% onto areas dedicated to cultural, religious, sporting or public areas. This relatively high value contrasts with the average proportion of business space in a Viennese district. Green spaces make up 62.48% of the total in Penzing. This is the second highest value in Vienna after the neighboring district Hietzing to the south. Forest makes up 75.8% of the green area. 9.7% of the green space is meadows, 6.2% allotment gardens and 5.2% parks. Agricultural areas and leisure areas only take up a small proportion of the area. Waters make up 1.6% of the area in Penzing, the proportion of traffic areas in the district area is the third lowest value in Vienna at 9.4%.
| Construction area | Green space | Waters | Traffic areas | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 895.21 | 2,112.70 | 54.35 | 319.27 | |||||||
| Housing | Service area | public facilities | Agriculture | Parks | Woods | grasslands | Allotments | Leisure areas | ||
| 668.09 | 79.2 | 133.36 | 36.68 | 110.17 | 1,602.15 | 130.09 | 205.09 | 28.52 | ||
history
The area of today's district, with the exception of Hadersdorf-Weidlingau , was incorporated into the city of Vienna on January 1, 1892 on the basis of a Lower Austrian provincial law passed in 1890 and formed the 13th district of Vienna with today's 13th district (without the Lainzer Tiergarten) Hietzing . During the Nazi era, this was divided by a Reich law on October 15, 1938: essentially the area of the old 13th district north of the Vienna River was reconstituted as the 14th district; Hadersdorf-Weidlingau (remained near Vienna) and Purkersdorf ( reclassified to Lower Austria in 1954 ) were incorporated and parts of the new 14th district. The district borders have remained largely unchanged since 1954.
Since Penzing became its own district in 1938, the district administration called the Magistratisches Bezirksamt for the 13th and 14th district has been located in the office building for the 13th and 14th district , which is located near the then newly created district border in the 13th district. The political district bodies, the district council and the district council of the 14th district, were there until the beginning of 2016, but were then moved to their own district at the address 14., Hütteldorfer Straße 188.
In the 1990s there were three minor changes to the district boundaries: In 1992, Auer-Welsbach-Park was transferred from the 14th to the 15th district. In 1995 there were changes to the border to Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus and Ottakring and in the area of Johann-Staud-Strasse to Ottakring - in the area of Josef-Weinheber-Platz, Steinbruchstrasse, Kendlerstrasse, Sporckplatz and Ibsenstrasse. In addition to a number of private properties with single-family houses and the Steinhof fire brigade group guard, which fell to Ottakring, especially parks, sports facilities and traffic areas were affected by these border changes.
population
Population development
Source: Statistics.at
Population development
In 1869, the district area of Penzing only had 12,397 inhabitants. Due to the permanent influx of people to Vienna and the neighboring communities, the population doubled until the area was incorporated in 1892. Population growth continued and reached its peak in 1934 with 98,123 inhabitants. After that, the population declined and from the 1970s onwards settled at around 80,000 residents. After a low in 2001 (78,169 people), the district population began to grow again in line with the Vienna-wide trend. At the beginning of 2015 the population was 89,184 people.
Population structure
In 2001 the age structure of the Penzing population hardly differed from the Viennese average. The number of children under the age of 15, at 14.0%, was only slightly below that of Vienna as a whole (14.7%). The proportion of the population between 15 and 59 years was also within the average range at 62.5% (Vienna: 63.6%). The proportion of people aged 60 or over showed the greatest deviation in 2001 at 23.5% (Vienna: 21.7%). The gender distribution in the district was 46.3% men and 53.7% women, the number of married Penzingers with a share of 41.9% compared to 41.2% was slightly above the average in Vienna.
Origin and language
The proportion of foreign residents in the district was 15.2% in 2005 (Vienna: 18.7%), and compared to 2001 (12.8%), as in the entire federal state, it shows a rising trend. The highest proportion of foreigners in 2005 was made up of around 4.3% of the district population, citizens of Serbia and Montenegro . Another 1.8% were Turkish , 1.1% each of Bosnian , Polish and German and 1.0% Croatian citizens. In 2001, 19.5% of the Penzing population were not born in Austria. 5.8% spoke Serbian as the colloquial language , 3.2% Turkish and 2.3% Croatian .
religion
The proportion of residents with a Roman Catholic faith was 52.1% in 2001, above the Vienna average of 49.2%. There are nine Roman Catholic parishes in the municipality, which make up the city dean 14 . The proportion of Protestant believers was also slightly above average at 5.2%. The proportion of people with an Islamic faith was higher at 5.6%, while those with an Orthodox creed were slightly below average at 5.6%. In 2001, 25.8% of the district population did not belong to any religious community. Another 5.9% had given no or a different religion.
politics
| District chairman since 1945 | |
|---|---|
| Leopold Luhan ( KPÖ ) | 1945-1946 |
| Anton Figl ( SPÖ ) | 1946–1962 |
| Franz Lehner ( SPÖ ) | 1962-1969 |
| Heinrich Müller ( SPÖ ) | 1969-1979 |
| Otto Bauer ( SPÖ ) | 1979-1992 |
| Jutta Steier ( SPÖ ) | 1992-2001 |
| Andrea Kalchbrenner ( SPÖ ) | 2001 – September 2019 |
| Michaela Schüchner ( SPÖ ) | from September 2019 |
The SPÖ has been the party with the strongest vote since the end of World War II and has therefore been the district chairman of Penzing without interruption . For a long time, the ÖVP was the second strongest party in the district, but was overtaken in 1991 by the booming FPÖ , which thereby gained the right to one of the two district councilors' deputies.
In 1996 the FPÖ was able to increase its result further and inflicted a heavy blow on the SPÖ, which lost over 10%. The ÖVP also continued to lose votes, while the LiF scored over 8% on its first appearance and almost came close to the Greens .
In the 2001 elections, however, the trend was reversed. The LiF lost more than half of its election result and the FPÖ fell behind the result of 1991, but was still just ahead of the ÖVP. The SPÖ was able to make up for large parts of its losses, the Greens benefited from the losses of the LiF. This trend continued in 2005. SPÖ, ÖVP and Greens gained, while FPÖ and LiF continued to lose. In 2010 the trend was reversed and the FPÖ gained percent again, as did the newly founded BZÖ .
Until the beginning of 2016, the district council and district council were housed in the municipal office building for the 13th and 14th district , which is located in the 13th district. Since then, the political district bodies can be found at 14, Hütteldorfer Straße 188. The district administration stayed at the old location.
| year | SPÖ | ÖVP | FPÖ | Green | LiF | BZÖ | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | 45.7 | 20.6 | 21.1 | 9.5 | nk | - | 3.1 |
| 1996 | 35.5 | 17.6 | 26.6 | 9.1 | 8.1 | - | 3.1 |
| 2001 | 42.9 | 19.1 | 19.8 | 14.4 | 3.2 | - | 0.6 |
| 2005 | 44.5 | 22.1 | 13.8 | 16.6 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 1.3 |
| 2010 | 40.0 | 18.9 | 22.2 | 15.6 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
| 2015 | 35.23 | 13.62 | 27.24 | 15.16 | 6.19 | - | 2.56 |
coat of arms
The five parts of the district coat of arms emerged from the five seals of the former municipalities from which the district was formed. The upper left part of the coat of arms shows Saint Laurentius , the patron saint of the Breitensee parish church . In addition, a city wall with a gate symbolizes the Hütteldorf district . The representation comes from the place seal of the earlier municipality. The heart sign in the center shows the former seal of the former municipality of Penzing . It shows an orb from the coat of arms of the Vienna Citizens' Hospital, which was the landlord of Penzing for centuries . The letters DP stand for the village of Penzing. The lower left part of the coat of arms stands for the Hadersdorf-Weidlingau district and shows Maria with the child. Maria was the patron saint of the Mariabrunn parish church and was included in the local seal when the community of Hadersdorf was established. The last part of the coat of arms stands for the former municipality of Baumgarten and shows the seal with a conifer behind a wattle fence.
Culture and sights
_-_Kirche_am_Steinhof_(1).JPG)
- Fuchs Villa (Otto Wagner Villa I) at Hüttelbergstrasse 26: today the villa and former studio of the painter Ernst Fuchs
- Villa Wagner II at Hüttelbergstrasse 28, built in 1912/13
- Church at Steinhof : one of the most important Art Nouveau buildings in Vienna, built according to plans by Otto Wagner on the summit of Baumgartner Höhe , extensively renovated by 2006; Part of the following large system:
- Social Medical Center Otto Wagner Spital ( Am Steinhof ), built from 1904–1907 according to plans by Otto Wagner as the “Lower Austrian State Mental Asylum”
- Villa Vojcsik : an Art Nouveau building by Otto Schönthal
- Laudon Castle : Baroque moated castle in Hadersdorf
- Palais Cumberland , palace of the last King of Hanover, who exiled to Vienna in 1866
- Fuhrmannhaus : oldest preserved building in the west of Vienna, has a baroque fresco hall
- Sargfabrik , alternative housing project and cultural center
- Dehnepark : Nature park of around 50,000 m², formerly owned by film actor and director Willi Forst , part of the Vienna Woods
- Upper Baumgartner parish 1963-1965 according to plans by: Johann Georg Gsteu built
- Breitensee pumping station in Hütteldorfer Strasse 142, the first pumping station in the Viennese water supply network, commissioned in 1896
- House in Rosentalgasse 19 by Ernst Plischke (1931)
Museums:
- Technisches Museum Wien : In the Technisches Museum, exhibits and models from the history of technology are shown with a special focus on the Austrian contribution to technical development.
- Ernst Fuchs Museum in Otto Wagner Villa I (see above), world's largest collection of Ernst Fuchs' works
- Steinhof Memorial : Remembrance of the euthanasia crimes of the National Socialists in Vienna
- District Museum Penzing in the old office building on Penzinger Strasse, corner of Nisselgasse; History of the old places, workshop of the last blacksmith in the district, grocery shop and shopping street with displays, brick museum
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The Westbahn runs through the district in an east-west direction towards Linz and Salzburg, whose terminus in Vienna is in the 15th district to the east. There is S-Bahn traffic on it; the stations Wien Penzing , Wien Hütteldorf , Hadersdorf and Weidlingau are located in the district area.
In Hütteldorf the underground line U4 , coming from the city center, has its western terminus; many train passengers therefore change to western trains here (and not in the western station). The U4 runs from Hütteldorf towards the center along the Wienfluss (district border 13/14), so that the Ober St. Veit , Unter St. Veit , Braunschweiggasse and Hietzing underground stations in the 13th district also open up the 14th district. The Hietzing station is part of the Hietzing, Kennedybrücke traffic junction, which is exactly on the 13/14 district boundary.
Direction Wien Meidling at the Südbahn branches between the stations and Hütteldorf Penzing from both directions of West train to the south, the railway Penzing-Wien Meidling from that in the network of the train Wien is integrated. In the Penzing train station, the suburban line towards northwestern Vienna branches off from the Westbahn , also in the S-Bahn network ; it has another station in the 14th district: Vienna Breitensee . The subway station Hütteldorfer Straße of the U3 line is also located in the Breitensee district as a fast connection to the city center. Penzing can also be reached by tram lines 10, 49, 52 and 60 and various bus lines.
Before the First World War, the Vienna Penzing train station was the scene of state visits several times due to its short distance from Schönbrunn Palace . On September 20, 1903, the German Emperor Wilhelm II left Penzing in his court train, and on May 7, 1908 he arrived in Penzing, again with a corresponding ceremony, to visit Emperor Franz Joseph I.
In the south-west of the municipality, the western motorway (A1) coming from the Walserberg border crossing near Salzburg ends at the Vienna Auhof motorway station. This is where the west entrance of Vienna begins, with the B 1 soon splitting into two: Hietzinger Kai (13th) as a one-way towards the center and Hadikgasse (14th) as a one-way towards Auhof. The directional lanes run along the district border 13/14 on both sides of the Wien River.
The “second west exit” is the B 223 , which runs further north, coming from the 16th district, via Flötzersteig to Linzer Strasse; However, it does not lead to the Westautobahn, but to the B1 towards Purkersdorf.
Utility structures
In addition to the Albertine aqueduct , which carried water from the Halterbachtal into the suburbs of Vienna, Penzing was also the starting point of the Laudon aqueduct , which supplied Hadersdorf and Weidlingau with water.
The English gas company Imperial-Continental-Gas-Association built the Baumgarten gasworks in 1878 , which it operated until 1912. In 1932 or 1933, the City of Vienna built the Baumgarten gasometer at another location, which existed until 1983.
Public facilities
- Reinhardt seminar at the University of Music and Performing Arts
- Higher Federal Graphical Training and Research Institute
- Former Kinkplatz computer science school
- Hanusch Hospital of the Vienna Regional Health Insurance Fund
- Baumgartner Höhe social medicine center: Otto Wagner Hospital / Psychiatric Hospital / Baumgartner Höhe Hospital with care center; Pulmonological Center of the City of Vienna
- Recreation area Steinhof
- Hütteldorf indoor swimming pool
- Hadersdorf-Weidlingau summer pool
- Europahaus
- Breitenseer barracks , consisting of Biedermann-Huth-Raschke and Vega-Payer-Weyprecht barracks ( Federal Army )
- General-Körner-Kaserne - command building
Sports
- Allianz Stadium : home stadium of SK Rapid Vienna
- Hohe-Wand-Wiese ski lift
- SK Slovan Vienna
- In the first half of the 20th century, Penzing was also the location of one of Vienna's ski jumping hills
Personalities
- Ernst August (Braunschweig) (1887–1953), from 1913 to 1918 the last ruling Duke of Braunschweig and the last ruling monarch of the House of Hanover (Braunschweig-Lüneburg)
- Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf (1852–1925), Chief of the General Staff for the entire armed power of Austria-Hungary at the outbreak of the First World War, since 1917 field marshal
- Gustav Klimt (1862–1918), Austrian painter and one of the most famous exponents of Viennese Art Nouveau, also known as the Vienna Secession
- Otto Wagner (1841–1918), Austrian architect, architectural theorist and urban planner of Vienna during the Belle Epoque
- Ernst Plischke (1903–1992), Austrian architect
- Leon Askin (1907-2005), Austrian actor, drama teacher, director, screenwriter and producer
- Lotte Lenya (1898–1981), Austrian-American actress and singer
- Ernst Fuchs (painter) (1930–2015), Austrian painter, architect, graphic artist and musician; is considered to be one of the founders of the Vienna School of Fantastic Realism
(see also personalities in the districts mentioned above)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistics Austria - Population at the beginning of 2002–2020 by municipalities (area status 01/01/2020)
- ↑ District council elections 2015
- ^ Friedrich Brix: Geological structure and geological history of the 14th district of Vienna, Penzing. P. 250; In: Hertha Wohlrab: Penzing. Vienna 1985
- ^ Friedrich Brix: Geological structure and geological history of the 14th district of Vienna, Penzing. Pp. 240-254; In: Hertha Wohlrab: Penzing. Vienna 1985
- ↑ a b Municipal Department 5 (MA5): Types of use by district ( Memento from March 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Ordinance of the Mayor of the City of Vienna on the division of the area of the City of Vienna into districts of October 15, 1938
- ↑ Law on changing the border between the 14th and 15th district (LGBl. For Vienna 9/1992) (PDF file; 424 kB)
- ↑ Law on changing the boundaries between the 14th, 15th and 16th district (LGBl. For Vienna 19/1995), issued on March 20, 1995
- ^ Law on a change in the border between the 14th and 16th district (LGBl. For Vienna 69/1995), issued on October 5, 1995
- ↑ Census of May 15, 2001. Final resident population and number of citizens (with population development since 1869). District of Vienna: Vienna 14., Penzing , on Statistics.at (PDF, 12 kB).
- ↑ a b c Statistics Austria (2001 census) Vienna district: Vienna 14., Penzing (PDF file; 10 kB), municipality: Vienna (90001) (PDF file; 10 kB)
- ↑ MA 5 Resident population by nationality and district 2001-2005 ( Memento from June 17, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b SPÖ-Schieder: Michaela Schüchner succeeds Andrea Kalchbrenner as Penzing district head. Retrieved June 22, 2019 .
- ^ City of Vienna - Viennese municipal and district council elections
- ↑ Hadersdorfer Bad on wien.gv.at
literature
- Felix Czeike: Viennese district culture guide: XIV. Penzing . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1979, ISBN 3-7141-6222-4
- Christine Klusacek, Kurt Stimmer: Penzing: from the Vienna River to the Vienna Woods . Mohl, Vienna 1993, ISBN 3-900272-49-2
- Susanne Kompast: Searching for traces of art in architecture in the 14th district of Vienna . Ed. Uhudla, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-901561-21-8
- Hertha Wohlrab: Penzing: History of the 14th district of Vienna and its old places . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1985, ISBN 3-224-16209-0
See also
Web links
Auhof (part north of Vienna) |
Baumgarten (KG Ober- and KG Unterbaumgarten) |
Breitensee |
Hadersdorf-Weidlingau (KG Hadersdorf and KG Weidlingau) |
Hütteldorf |
Penzing
a small part of Hacking lies north of Vienna
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