Mauerbach (Vienna River)

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Mauerbach
Renatured Mauerbach in Vienna

Renatured Mauerbach in Vienna

Data
location Lower Austria and Vienna , Austria
River system Vienna River
Drain over Vienna River  → Danube  → Black Sea
source in Tulbing
48 ° 16 ′ 40 ″  N , 16 ° 9 ′ 7 ″  E
muzzle in Hütteldorf in the Wien river Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 6 "  N , 16 ° 14 ′ 53"  E 48 ° 12 ′ 6 "  N , 16 ° 14 ′ 53"  E

length 12.4 km
Catchment area 38.1 km²
Left tributaries Goldbrunngraben , Pitzelsdorfer Bach , Steinbach , Hainbach , Kasgraben , Kolbeterberggraben
Right tributaries Groißaubach , Hirschgraben , Hannbaumbach

The Mauerbach is a brook in Lower Austria and Vienna . It is the most important feeder of the Wien River .

course

The Mauerbach has a length of 12,420 m. Of these, 8,100 m are in Lower Austria and 4,320 m in Vienna. It has a gradient of 14.7 ‰, which is comparatively little for a Wienerwald stream. Its catchment area is 38.1 km².

Mauerbach near the Stiftsmühle near the Mauerbach Charterhouse

The stream rises on the Tulbinger Kogel in the market town of Tulbing . It then runs through the market town of Mauerbach and there passes the Mauerbach Charterhouse . Its tributaries in Lower Austria include the Goldbrunngraben on the left, the Groißaubach on the right , the Pitzelsdorfer Bach on the left , the Hirschgraben on the right and the Steinbach on the left .

Then the Mauerbach flows through the Hadersdorf part of Vienna's 14th district of Penzing . It takes up the Hainbach on the left, the Hannbaumbach on the right and the Kasgraben on the left. It runs by the moated castle Laudon , whose surrounding pond it feeds. The Kolbeterberggraben follows as a feeder on the left. Then the Mauerbach flows through the Mauerbach retention basin , which is drained most of the time and is only flooded when there is a strong flood. After the former Mariabrunn monastery , it is discharged into the Auhof retention basin and finally flows into the Wien River in the Hütteldorf district in front of the Nikolaibrücke.

The Mauerbach has water all year round. Its mean discharge (MQ) is around 0.3 m³ / s. During a flood of the century (HQ100) 64.7 m³ / s are reached. At the Mauerbach there is a high, if not very high risk of flooding compared to Vienna. In the event of a flood of the century, the infrastructure and the resident population are affected to a lesser extent.

history

Mauerbach Charterhouse with Bach on an engraving by Georg Matthäus Vischer (17th century)

In 1231 the lords of "Muwerbach" were first mentioned in a document.

In a flood period that peaked in the 1780s, the probable cause of the temporary spread of the stream bed in the lower reaches of up to 60 m. A flood in 1785 destroyed the rectory and the parish archive in Mauerbach. In the course of the construction of the western railway line by the company kk privileged Kaiserin Elisabeth-Bahn in the 1850s, the streambed on the lower course was regulated and severely narrowed over a length of 450 m. The great regulation of the Vienna River at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries also had an impact on the mouth of the Mauerbach, which was completely hard-built over a length of 2000 m. During this time the retention basin of the Mauerbach in Vienna was built to protect against flooding.

The retention basin and a built-up stream section in Vienna were renatured in the 1990s . Another retention basin was completed in 2007 at the hermitage in the market town of Mauerbach.

ecology

Mauerbach retention basin near Hüttergasse in Vienna

Woods grow almost continuously along the Mauerbach . Ash trees are predominant , to which black alders and broken willows are occasionally found . A row of silver willows was planted on the bank of the retention basin in Vienna and there is a grove of robinia at the level of Laudon Castle . A problematic invasive plant is the Japanese knotweed .

The brook is a habitat for stone crabs ( Austropotamobius torrentium ). It also serves as spawning water for agile frogs ( Rana dalmatina ) and common frogs ( Rana temporaria ).

The Mauerbach retention basin in Vienna is of particular importance as the location of several rarely occurring marsh and aquatic plants. These include the plant species, which are strictly protected under the Vienna Nature Conservation Act, frog bite ( Hydrocharis morsus-ranae ), arrowhead ( Sagittaria sagittifolia ) and water iris ( Iris pseudacorus ). The banks of the retention basin are of reed canary grass - reed marked where the highly endangered Kurzflüglige sword-warrior ( Conocephalus dorsalis ) was detected.

bridges

Statue of the bridge saint Johannes Nepomuk at the Mauerbach bridge

The Mauerbach is crossed by several bridges. In Vienna these are, in order of flow:

  • Augustinerwald Bridge: The 13 m long and 6 m wide reinforced concrete road bridge on Hohe-Wand-Gasse was built in 1989.
  • Mauerbach Bridge: The 16 m long and 18 m wide reinforced concrete road bridge on Mauerbachstrasse was built in 1954.
  • Josef Harrer Bridge: The 16 m long and 4 m wide pedestrian bridge made of steel was built in 1988.
  • August-Ritt-Bridge: The 20 m long and 18 m wide reinforced concrete road bridge on the main road was built in 1978.
  • Wienflussaufsichtssteg: the 15 m long and 2 m wide pedestrian bridge made of steel was built in 1901.
  • Wolf-in-der-Au-Brücke: The 16 m long and 6 m wide concrete road bridge was built in 1897.

See also

literature

  • Ernst Pomeisl: The Mauerbach . In: Gertrud Pleskot (Ed.): Contributions to the limnology of the Vienna Woods streams. First report of the working group for researching the Vienna Woods streams in the Institute for Science and Art, Vienna (=  Weather and Life . Special Issue 2). Austrian Society for Meteorology, Vienna 1953, p. 103-121 .
  • Alexander Streitberger: Historical morphological changes in the northern Vienna Danube feeder 1663 / 83–2010 . Master thesis. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna 2016, Chapter 6.3.1. Mauerbach , S. 54–63 ( boku.ac.at [PDF]).

Web links

Commons : Mauerbach (Wienfluss)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b brooks by district. Economy, Labor and Statistics (Municipal Department 23), Municipal Authority of the City of Vienna, accessed on January 3, 2020 .
  2. a b c d Alexander Streitberger: Historical morphological changes in the northern Viennese Danube feeder 1663 / 83-2010 . Master thesis. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna 2016, p. 54 ( boku.ac.at [PDF; accessed on January 3, 2020]).
  3. a b c List of areas of the river basins. Danube region from the Enns to the Leitha (=  contributions to the hydrography of Austria . No. 62 ). Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management: Department IV / 4 Water Management (HZB), Vienna December 2014, p. 112 ( bmnt.gv.at [PDF; accessed on January 3, 2020]).
  4. a b c d Johanna Scheiblhofer, Wolfgang Schranz: Diverse nature in Penzing. (PDF) Biosphärenpark Wienerwald Management GmbH, October 2019, pp. 81–83 , accessed on January 3, 2020 .
  5. a b c d Johanna Scheiblhofer, Wolfgang Schranz: Diverse nature in Penzing. (PDF) Biosphärenpark Wienerwald Management GmbH, October 2019, pp. 138 and 142 , accessed on January 3, 2020 .
  6. MA 45, review of the discharge capacity of various torrents in connection with flood protection. Activity report 2014. (PDF) City Audit Office Vienna, April 2014, p. 21 , accessed on January 3, 2020 .
  7. Alexander Streitberger: Historical morphological changes in the northern Viennese Danube feeder 1663 / 83-2010 . Master thesis. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna 2016, p. 61 and 63 ( boku.ac.at [PDF; accessed on January 3, 2020]).
  8. MA 45, review of the discharge capacity of various torrents in connection with flood protection. Activity report 2014. (PDF) City Audit Office Vienna, April 2014, p. 8 , accessed on January 3, 2020 .
  9. a b c yesterday & today. Market town of Mauerbach, accessed on January 27, 2020 .
  10. Alexander Streitberger: Historical morphological changes in the northern Viennese Danube feeder 1663 / 83-2010 . Master thesis. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna 2016, p. 56 ( boku.ac.at [PDF; accessed on January 3, 2020]).
  11. Alexander Streitberger: Historical morphological changes in the northern Viennese Danube feeder 1663 / 83-2010 . Master thesis. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna 2016, p. 59 ( boku.ac.at [PDF; accessed January 3, 2020]).
  12. Johanna Scheiblhofer, Wolfgang Schranz: Diverse Nature in Penzing. (PDF) Biosphärenpark Wienerwald Management GmbH, October 2019, p. 57 , accessed on January 3, 2020 .
  13. Johanna Scheiblhofer, Wolfgang Schranz: Diverse Nature in Penzing. (PDF) Biosphärenpark Wienerwald Management GmbH, October 2019, pp. 90 and 99 , accessed on January 3, 2020 .
  14. a b Johanna Scheiblhofer, Wolfgang Schranz: Diverse nature in Penzing. (PDF) Biosphärenpark Wienerwald Management GmbH, October 2019, pp. 102 and 131 , accessed on January 3, 2020 .
  15. Bridge Information Vienna. Vienna Bridge Construction and Foundation Engineering (Municipal Department 29), Municipal Authority of the City of Vienna, accessed on January 3, 2020 .