Breitensee (Vienna)
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Breitensee is a district in the west of Vienna , which, together with the districts Penzing , Baumgarten , Hütteldorf and Hadersdorf-Weidlingau , forms the 14th district of Vienna , Penzing , as well as one of the 89 Viennese cadastral communities .
geography
Breitensee is located in the northeast of the municipality. The district is bounded by Hütteldorfer Strasse in the south, Hernstorferstrasse, Stauffergasse and Baumgartner Friedhof in the west, Flötzersteig in the north and Steinbruchstrasse and Schanzstrasse in the northeast. Ottakring is located north of Breitensee , Rudolfsheim to the east , the Penzing district to the south, the Baumgarten district to the west and the Hütteldorf district to the northwest. The cadastral community Breitensee extends over an area of 173.82 hectares , of which one hectare is in the area of the 16th district of Ottakring .
history
Breitensee was first mentioned in a document in 1195 as "Prantensee". The word Pranten means something like slash and burn . The name Breitensee could also be traced back to a pond called Angerteich, which was still so big in 1828 that a fiaker almost drowned while cleaning his carriage. But over time the pond degenerated into a pond and was finally drained in 1873. In Breitensee there is still a fountain to commemorate the pond at that time.
After the establishment of a settlement, agriculture was mainly carried out in the fields, later Breitensee developed into an important wine-growing area . In 1673 Breitensee was included in the list of the best wine-growing locations in the Lower Austrian Land Compass . Most of the residents were farmers and artisans. Breitensee was badly affected by the Turkish sieges in 1529 and 1683 and the plague . Around 1700, Count Johann Ferdinand von Kuefstein acquired the Breitensee rule. The Breitensee Palace Chapel was built in 1726/36 and opened to the public in 1740. 1740–1772 Johann Michael Kienmayer owned the Breitensee reign.
In 1874 the horse tramway drove from the Linienwall to Breitensee for the first time . 12 years later this was converted to steam and finally electrified in 1903. In 1905 the tram depot Remise Breitensee was built at Hütteldorfer Straße 112 and operated until 2006. After the demolition in 2008/2009, the area will be rebuilt as Karree Breitensee .
Incorporation
Breitensee was incorporated into Vienna on January 1st, 1892 as part of the new 13th district, Hietzing . Penzing, Breitensee, Baumgarten, Hütteldorf as well as Hietzing , Ober- and Unter St. Veit , Hacking , Lainz , Speising and Schönbrunn now formed the 13th district of Vienna.
After the "Anschluss " of Austria into the Third Reich in 1938, the place was newly created as part of the Greater Vienna in the new 14th district, Penzing incorporated. The 14th district now comprised the former suburbs Baumgarten, Breitensee, Hütteldorf and Penzing as well as the newly added suburbs of Hadersdorf-Weidlingau and Purkersdorf (this was reclassified to Lower Austria in 1954). 1945–1955 Breitensee was part of the French sector of the city.
In 1987 the Breitensee rapid transit station on the suburban line (S 45) from Vienna Hütteldorf to Vienna Heiligenstadt (later to Vienna Handelskai ) was reopened. With the extension of the U3 underground line to Vienna Ottakring in 1998, Breitensee was also connected to the Vienna underground network with the Hütteldorfer Straße station.
Important buildings
- The neo-Gothic church “St. Laurentius ”, built from 1896 to 1898 by the Breitensee master builder Ludwig Zatzka , with paintings by Hans Zatzka , the master builder's brother, and remarkable stained glass. It was built in the tradition of Friedrich von Schmidt , whose student Zatzka was, as a brick building with a one- tower facade and an imposing choir closure. Ludwig Zatzka himself immortalized himself in a portrait bust on the organ loft - in the style of late medieval builders. In Breitensee he also built the Josefinum primary school (1903) and the child protection station (Breitenseerstraße 31) and several Wilhelminian-style houses in Breitenseer Straße 6 and 8 (with his brother's ceiling painting) and Poschgasse 3 (formerly Bartholomäusgasse, named after Zatzkas Father) and the adjoining house on Kuefsteingasse. As a whole, the houses formed an ensemble and also include a small chapel.
- On November 6, 1896, the first pumping station of the Viennese water supply in Vienna was put into operation at Hütteldorfer Strasse 142 .
- The "Breitenseer Lichtspiele" (BSL) on Breitenseer Straße are Vienna's oldest cinema that is still in use. It was founded in 1905.
- "Zum Goldenen Kreuz" inn
- The “Zum Goldenen Kreuz” inn was located at Breitenseer Straße 80 with the magnificent Johannisgarten, about which Oskar Schima wrote a Viennese song . At the end of the 1960s it had to give way to an operating building for Austria-Email-Werke, and from 1998 to 2000 a residential building was built on the site.
- Breitenseer Prater
- On the northwestern edge of Breitensee there was an amusement park in the middle of an allotment garden with a historic carousel, a mini autodrome and a shooting gallery, which was called "Breitenseer Prater", analogous to the Vienna Prater . It was closed in 2005 and converted into a car park in 2007.
- Military building
- There are several military buildings in Breitensee: The Theodor Körner command building , formerly the largest cadet school in the monarchy , and the Breitenseer barracks , which are divided into two parts by Breitenseer Strasse - Vega-Payer-Weyprecht barracks and Biedermann-Huth-Raschke barracks is. In 1898 the Austro-Hungarian Infantry Cadet School moved to its new building in Breitensee (Hütteldorfer Straße 126). 1901–1903 the "Kleine Breitenseer Kaserne" was built (Breitenseer Straße 88), in 1904 the "Große Breitenseer Kaserne" (Breitenseer Straße 61).
- In 1914/15 the Landwehr Troop Hospital (Rainer Hospital, today "Hanusch Hospital") was built.
- In Braillegasse there is an industrial building built for the Carl Zeiss company in 1916, the dome of which is visible from afar (architect Robert Oerley ). After being used by the Philips company, the building went to the Federal Army ( Breitensee property including the Army Sports Center).
The area around Laurentiusplatz (on which the parish church stands) is defined by the city of Vienna as a structural protection zone, as is the Béla-Somogyi-Hof , a community building from the 1920s.
Personalities
One of the most important Breitenseers was HC Artmann (1921–2000), writer and co-founder of the “ Wiener Gruppe ”. In 1958 he published the dialect volume of poetry med ana schwoazzn dintn. poem from bradnse ("With a black ink. Poems from Breitensee."), which made him famous and founded the genre of Viennese dialect poems. He grew up in Kienmayergasse, where his mother and her partner ran a shoemaker's workshop. The H.-C.-Artmann-Park on Schützplatz, which is crossed by Kienmayergasse, is a reminder of him.
The actress Hilde Sochor (1924–2016), doyenne of the Vienna Volkstheater and known for the TV series Kaisermühlen-Blues , also comes from Breitensee. She grew up on Breitenseer Straße 8.
The house was built by her great-grandfather, the architect and master builder Ludwig Zatzka (1857–1925), who carried out numerous building projects in Breitensee, such as the parish church of Breitensee St. Laurentius. From 1889 to 1891 Zatzka was also a councilor for the Christian Social Party in the Breitensee community, which was not yet part of Vienna, and later a close associate of Mayor Karl Lueger . He had a great influence on the municipal building projects of this time, such as the Second Vienna High Spring Pipeline , the Lainzer Supply Home and the Vienna Gas and Electricity Works. Because of his services, a park (Hütteldorfer Strasse / Kendlerstrasse) was named after him. In addition to his work as a builder and politician, Zatzka was also an important art collector. When he wanted to sell a large part of his collection in the times of need after the First World War, he fell victim to fraudsters.
His brother was the painter Hans Zatzka (1859–1945) , who also came from Breitensee . He created the high altar picture for the Breitensee parish church and the ceiling fresco in the Kurhaus in Baden near Vienna . Both father Bartholomäus Zatzka (Bartholomäus Zatzka and Sons) had made it from master bricklayer to respected city architect in Breitensee in the 19th century.
Pepi Matauschek (1925–2000) was a famous Wienerlied singer and accordion player who performed in the Gasthaus Matauschek (Breitenseer Straße 14). From 1910, his uncle Hans Matauschek had created a foster home for the Wienerlied in his parents' pub in Breitensee. This gave the young Pepi access to the greats of the Wienerlied and was soon allowed to accompany them on the accordion himself. His repertoire included So hab'n ma's in Breitensee like (by Ferry Wunsch, with the refrain I have heaven close by, because I'm at home in Bratensee. ) And the Breitenseer Lied . From 1983 he was the constant companion of his sister-in-law, the dudler Trude Mally , who was often a guest in Breitensee, but also of Luise Wagner and Poldi Debljak. The film Orvuse on Oanwe - The Last Dudlerinnen Vienna by Christina Zurbrügg and Michael Hudecek portrayed these Viennese folk singers .
The Austrian entertainer Bobby Lugano , known among other things for the ORF children's evening program Betthupferl , had a small café on the Breitenseer section of Hütteldorfer Strasse until his death .
literature
- Heinrich May: Breitensee in old and new times . Self-published by the author, Vienna 1933
- Hans Schinner: Breitensee - From the village to the big city parish. Wiener Dom-Verlag, Vienna 1976 ISBN 3-85351-081-7
- 100 years of Breitensee parish. 1898/99. Festschrift . Parish Breitensee (Ed.) EV Vienna. 1998.
- Maria Walcher: The Matauschek family of folk singers , diploma thesis, Vienna 1985
- Günther Haberhauer, Roman Peter Poczesniok, Dolores Weber, Heinrich May: Breitensee in the old, new and recent times: An updated home book of the district part "Breitensee" , Vienna 2020 ISBN 978-3200073715
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Breitenseer Lichtspiele , accessed on January 16, 2011.
- ^ Armed Forces: Subordinate Agencies , accessed on February 24, 2021.
- ↑ Map of the protection zone
- ↑ Map of the protection zone
Auhof (part north of Vienna) |
Baumgarten (KG Ober- and KG Unterbaumgarten) |
Breitensee |
Hadersdorf-Weidlingau (KG Hadersdorf and KG Weidlingau) |
Hütteldorf |
Penzing
a small part of Hacking lies north of Vienna
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ' N , 16 ° 19' E