Temenice
| Temenice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Olomoucký kraj | ||||
| District : | Šumperk | ||||
| Municipality : | Šumperk | ||||
| Area : | 1442.7851 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 59 ' N , 16 ° 57' E | ||||
| Height: | 350 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | |||||
| Postal code : | 787 01 | ||||
| License plate : | M. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Šumperk - Bohdíkov | ||||
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Temenice (German: Hermesdorf ) is a location in the town of Šumperk in the Okres Šumperk in the Czech Republic .
geography
Temenice adjoins the town of Šumperk ( Schönberg ) and extends for six kilometers along the Temenec ( Timenetzbach ) to the north-west. The village is located at the eastern foot of the 631 meter high Háj ( Heukoppe ) on the Jeseníky Mountains .
Neighboring towns are Bratrušov ( Brattersdorf ) in the north, Rapotín ( Reitendorf ) and Vikýřovice ( Weikersdorf ) in the east, Šumperk ( Schönberg ) in the southeast, Bludov ( Blauda ) and Radomilov ( Radomühl ) in the southwest, Hrabenov ( Rabenau ) and Hostice ( Hosterlitz ) in the West and Komňátka ( Köhmet ) and Bohdíkov ( Bohemian March village ) in the northwest.
At Temenice ( Hermesdorf ) or Šumperk ( Schönberg ) there was the language border of the closed German-speaking area until 1945. While the places in the north and east were German-speaking, the places in the south and west had mostly Czech residents.
history
The village of Hermannsdorf was founded around 1180 . In 1239 it was mentioned in a document that part of Hermesdorf was destroyed in a fire at Schönberg Monastery. In the middle of the 15th century, Hermesdorf came into the possession of Benedikt von Waldstein and in 1493 it passed to Johann von Zierotin . In 1594 there were fights with the town of Mährisch Schönberg for Hermesdorf goods. During the Thirty Years War there was a pillage of the community in 1643 and an occupation by a Swedish army under General Wittenberg in 1646.
In 1866, after the Battle of Königgrätz , a Prussian occupation by the Knobelsdorf Brigade was in the place. In 1889 the two places Nieder Hermesdorf and Ober Hermesdorf were merged to form the municipality of Hermesdorf with a total population of 2838 residents in 232 houses. At that time Hermesdorf was a typical Waldhufendorf six kilometers long, whose 62 farms show the typical square of Franconian farms.
In 1905 the Willibald Lubich & Sons company acquired the A. Schimitscheck silk factory in Hermesdorf and expanded it into a mechanical linen factory with 180 looms. 400 people were employed. The Hermesdorfer Ziegelwerke, with 100 employees, achieved a total annual output of approx. 5 million roof tiles. There were also some medium-sized businesses, such as B. crystal glass grinding, leather goods production, soap and candle production, white tannery, brush production. The village was the location of two Moravian state educational institutions; the State Housekeeping School and the State Agricultural School, which was founded in Mährisch Schönberg in 1867 and moved to Hermesdorf in 1875.
Until the end of the First World War in 1918, Ort was part of the Austro-Hungarian Austro-Hungarian monarchy and then came to Czechoslovakia . After the Munich Agreement , the community was incorporated into the German Reich and belonged to the Mährisch Schönberg district from 1939 to 1945 . Hermesdorf had 3,021 inhabitants in 1939, 361 of them Czech and 30 of other nationalities.
After the Munich Agreement , the place was added to the German Empire and until 1945 belonged to the Mährisch Schönberg district . On March 31, 1945, 16 Czech patriots were shot dead by German soldiers on Ober Hermesdorfer Flur in the forest above the Brattersdorfer Schützenhaus and buried in a mass grave. The corpses were exhumed in January 1946 and buried in an honorary grave on the road between Bratrušov and Šumperk.
In 1945/46 almost all German residents were expelled. On May 4, 1950, it was incorporated into Šumperk. In the same year Jednotné zemědělské družstvo (JZD) Temenice was founded and in 1959 the collectivization was completed. At the beginning of 1976 Temenice lost the status of a district.
Local division
The corridors of Temenice are divided into the two cadastral districts Dolní Temenice and Horní Temenice.
Attractions
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- Chapel of St. Anna in Horní Temenice
- Chapel of St. Family in Dolní Temenice
- The SOŠ Šumperk arboretum near Dolní Temenice
- Winter linden "Johanka" at the Dolní Temenice manor, the 22 m high tree has a trunk circumference of 3.86 m. It was named in memory of Johann II of Liechtenstein .
- Memorial to the victims of fascism at the former Brattersdorf Rifle House ( Bratrušovská střelnice )
- "Swedish Column" from Dolní Temenice, the wayside cross with a stone base erected in 1684 is now in the Šumperk Local History Museum
Personalities
- Josef Schlesinger (1831–1901), professor at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna, member of the Reichstag of the CSP (Christian Social Party) in the Austrian parliament 1879–1895, district chairman of the 8th district of Vienna (Josefstadt)
- Maurus Knappek , Benedictine in the Schröttenstift in Vienna administrator and abbot of the Altenburg monastery / Austria
- Johann Rotter (* 1841), member of the Moravian Parliament
- Josef Gieler (* 1823), March fighter in Vienna, after an amnesty decree , he returned from Dutch India.
- Otto Stöber (1902–1990) writer and publisher, founder of the 1st Esperantist Association in Austria and book club "Bücherwurm", initiator of the moor research institute Bad Wimsbach-Neydharting (Upper Austria)
Sponsoring community
- Grossen-Linden in Hessen since June 19, 1971
literature
- Hermesdorfer Heimatbuch. Fitz-Druck u. Publishing house, Rodenbach / Hessen 1975