Joseph Gutsche

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Joseph (Sepp) Gutsche (born April 5, 1895 in Gräditz , Schwiebus district ; † May 4, 1964 in East Berlin ) was a German communist . As a Red Guard he took part in the fighting of the October Revolution in 1917/18 . Back in Germany he took part in the revolutionary struggles of the KPD . In 1930 he emigrated to the Soviet Union , where he worked in the military secret service of the Red Army in various countries. During the Second World War he was part of the United States Navy and fought as a Soviet partisan . In the GDR he headed the State Police Office of Saxony from 1947 to 1949 and from 1950 the State Security Administration of Saxony. From January 1953 he headed the “Department for Special Use (underground actions in the FRG)” with the information office at the Minister for State Security . Appointed head of the control inspection in 1955, he retired in 1957.

Life

Until 1930

The son of a working-class family completed an apprenticeship as a bookbinder after attending elementary school and became a union member in 1912. Gutsche became a soldier in 1915 and fought in Russia in the First World War . In 1916 he became a Russian prisoner of war, in which he became a member of the RSDLP (B) in 1917 . In August 1917 he joined the Red Guard at and fought as a Red Guard and platoon commander from December 1917 in Rostov-on-Don against the troops of the Don Cossacks -Atamans Alexey Kaledin . When the Red Guards stormed Kaledin's headquarters in the residential area of ​​Rostov, the Cossack ataman shot himself in the head. With the establishment of the Red Army on January 28, 1918, his department became a unit of the Red Army. He then fought in an international division against the German occupiers in Ukraine.

In October 1918 Joseph Gutsche returned to Germany. In 1918 he first became a member of the USPD , in 1920 he joined the KPD . His son Rudolf was born in Berlin on November 4, 1919 . From 1922 to 1924 Joseph Gutsche was district leader of the M-Apparate ("Military Apparat") of the KPD in the Berlin / Brandenburg district. He was a participant in the Hamburg uprising . In 1924 a 6-month course followed at the special school for higher commanders in Moscow. Shortly after his return from Moscow he was arrested and imprisoned in the Sonnenburg penitentiary until 1927 for high treason . This was followed by functions in the central committee of the KPD. In 1930 he emigrated to the USSR and became a member of the CPSU (B) .

During the Second World War

From 1930 to 1942 he worked in the rank of regimental commissar of the Red Army for the GRU , the headquarters of the reconnaissance of the Red Army. He worked for the GRU in China , among others .

From 1942 he worked for the INO, the foreign intelligence service of the NKVD , the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of the USSR in the US Navy . Later partisan missions followed together with his son Rudolf in the area of ​​the 1st and 2nd Minsk Partisan Brigade.

Activity after 1945

After the end of the Great Patriotic War , he returned to Germany in 1945. In 1946 he joined the SED . In 1947 he joined the German People's Police and was President of the State Criminal Police Office in Saxony until 1949. 1949/50 he was head of the administration for the protection of the national economy of Saxony (from February 1950 state administration of Saxony of the Ministry for State Security ). From 1952 he was head of the district administration (BV) Dresden of the MfS and from January 1953 head of the information office of the MfS and the department for special use for underground activities in the Federal Republic. In 1953 he was appointed major general. In 1955 he was head of the control inspection of the MfS.

tomb

In 1957 he was retired. After his death his urn was in the grave conditioning Pergolenweg the memorial of the socialists at the Berlin Central Cemetery Friedrichsfelde buried.

Private

Joseph Gutsche was married and had a son. His son Rudolf Gutsche (1919–1988) fought on the side of the Red Army during the Second World War. After 1945 he was first in the DVP , then in the MfS .

Awards

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Obituary in Neues Deutschland, May 6, 1964.
  2. ^ Berliner Zeitung of November 1, 1964.
  3. ^ Acknowledgments after the death of his wife Anna in Neues Deutschland on November 28, 1972.
  4. ↑ Jens Gieseke:  Gutsche, Rudolf . In: Who was who in the GDR? 5th edition. Volume 1. Ch. Links, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 .
  5. ^ New Germany of April 5, 1955.
personal data
SURNAME Gutsche, Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gutsche, Sepp
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German major general of the Ministry for State Security of the GDR
DATE OF BIRTH April 5, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Graeditz
DATE OF DEATH May 4th 1964
Place of death Berlin