Joseph chaise longue

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Joseph chaise longue

Joseph-Claude-Anthelme Récamier (born November 6, 1774 in Cressin-Rochefort , † June 22, 1852 in Paris ) was a French doctor and gynecologist.

Live and act

Joseph Récamier came from a middle-class family. His father François Récamier was a royal notary. His mother, Jeanne-Françoise Chaley, came from a long-established family. The writer Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin was his godfather. At the age of eight he was entrusted to his uncle Jean-Claude Récamier, the parish priest of Villebois , to teach Latin and he completed his education at the College of Belley , where a. a. the future surgeon Anthelme Richerand was his classmate. In 1791 he began an apprenticeship in a law firm and it was planned that he would succeed his father. He stayed there only for a short time, opted for medicine and worked in the hospital in Belley, where his cousin Anthelme Récamier (1745–1791) was in charge of surgery.

March 14, 1795. The Ça Ira in the Battle of Genoa ( Noli )

In October 1793, Récamier took part in the siege of Lyon as a third-class assistant surgeon in the medical corps of the Alpine Army . Then he was ordered to the hospital in Bourg-en-Bresse , where he befriended Xavier Bichat . In 1794 he received a new military contingent. He expressed the desire to be sent to the Navy and came to Toulon . First on the corvette Labrune , then on the cannon ship Ça Ira , he was promoted to first medical officer. In the Battle of Genoa in March 1795, the Ça Ira was boarded and the crew was then interned in Saint Florent in Corsica . Récamier was exchanged for a British medical officer and returned to Toulon in October 1795. Through the intervention of Dominique Larrey he was released from his military obligations in 1796, stayed in Lyon from June 1796 to September 1797 and then went to Paris, where he had got a place at the newly founded École de Santé . Here he was particularly influenced by his teachers Jean-Nicolas Corvisart , Philippe Pinel and Alexis Boyer . In 1799 he completed his doctorate in Paris.

Hôtel-Dieu

Speculum after Récamier 1812

From 1799 Rémacier was a doctor, from 1806 chief doctor at the Paris Hôtel-Dieu . In the dispute between the school of René Laënnec, which is based on anatomical-pathological observation, and the "doctrine physiologique" of François Magendie , he decided on Laënnec. In 1826 after Laënnec's death, Récamier successfully applied for the vacant seat at the Collège de France . His unsuccessful competitors were François Magendie and Étienne Pariset . Récamier became a knight in 1823 and an officer in the Legion of Honor in 1850 . In the aftermath of the July Revolution of 1830 , Paris university professors were asked to meet on September 30, 1830 to take a new oath. Récamier refused to attend this meeting and was subsequently released. For a short time he moved to Switzerland in the Friborg area , but soon returned to Paris, where he took care of his patients. In 1837 he resumed his clinical lectures in the form of free courses until he resigned in 1846 for reasons of age.

Medical activities

Contrary to the then valid doctrine, Récamier treated febrile patients by cooling. To treat cervical cancer , he used a tubular speculum that was associated with his name. He coined the term metastasis in connection with cancer. 1829 led the first Récamier hysterectomy by vaginal route in France. In Germany, this operation was successfully used as early as 1801 by Friedrich Benjamin Osiander , in 1813 by Konrad Johann Martin Langenbeck and in 1822 by Johann Nepomuk Sauter .

Works (selection)

  • Essai sur les hemorrhages. Thèse médecine de Paris No 15. JA Brosson, Paris 1799 (digitized version )
  • Discours sur l'établissement et le plan d'une bibliothèque nosocomiale et de fastes épidémiques: pronocé à la distribution des prix aux élèves en médecine et en chirurgie des hospices civils de Paris, December 31, 1818. Huzard, Paris 1819 (digital copy )
  • Recherches sur le traitement du cancer par la compression méthodique, et sur l'histoire générale de la même maladie; suivies de notes. 2 volumes, Gabon, Paris 1829, Volume I (digitized version) , Volume II (digitized version)
    • Review in: Archives générales de médecine, Volume 23 (1830), pp. 284–288 (digitized version )
  • Research pratiques on the conduite à tenir dans le choléra algide ou asiatique. Labé, Paris 1849 (digitized version)
  • Résumé des recherches et conseils du Dr Récamier sur le choléra, pouvant servir de guide aux familles, aux gardes-malades, en l'absence, sous la direction des médecins. Batault-Morot, Beaune 1854 (digitized version )

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dictionnaire des sciences médicales . Volume 31, Panckoucke, Paris 1812, p. 242 (digitized version)
  2. ↑ Archives Nationales No 2281 (digitized version)
  3. ↑ Observation d'une extirpation complète de l'utérus pratiquée à l'Hôtel-Dieu de Paris. In: Archives générales de médecine Volume 21 (1829), pp. 78–86 (digitized version )
  4. ↑ Nouvelles extirpations de la matrice . In: Archives générales de médecine Volume 23 (1830), p. 403 (digitized version)
  5. ^ FB Osiander. Healing of maternal cancer and pathological growths from the uterus through the incision . In: Hufelands Journal Volume 16 (1803) St. 3. P. 133–135 (digitized version )
  6. ^ CJ Langenbeck. Description of two extirpations of cancerous, non-prolapsed wombs performed by the editor . In: CJ Langenbeck (editor). Library for surgery. Deuerlich, Göttingen 1813, pp. 698–728 (digitized version )
  7. ^ Johann Nepomuk Sauter. The complete extirpation of the carcinomatous uterus: carried out without a self-originated or artificially caused incident and carried out happily, with detailed instructions on how this operation can be carried out . W. Wallis, Constance 1822 (digitized version)
personal data
SURNAME Chaise longue, Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Chaise longue, Joseph-Claude-Anthelme
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French doctor and gynecologist
DATE OF BIRTH November 6, 1774
PLACE OF BIRTH Cressin-Rochefort
DATE OF DEATH June 22, 1852
Place of death Paris