Friedrich Benjamin Osiander

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Friedrich Benjamin Osiander
Grave of Osiander and his wife in the Albani cemetery in Göttingen
Göttingen-Weende, Friedrich-Benjamin-Osiander-Weg

Friedrich Benjamin Osiander (born February 9, 1759 in Zell unter Aichelberg / Oberamt Kirchheim ; † March 25, 1822 in Göttingen ) was a German doctor and obstetrician .

Life

The son of pastor Johann Rudolf Osiander (1717–1801) had attended the schools in Kirchheim unter Teck and from 1773–75 the Protestant monastery school in Denkendorf (Württemberg) . From 1776 he studied medicine at the University of Tübingen and received his doctorate there in 1779 with a dissertation on the healing spring of Owen with De fonte medicato Owensi (Tübingen 1779) as a doctor of medicine. He then went to Strasbourg for six months to do practical training, including a. in obstetrics. He then settled in Kirchheim unter Teck as a doctor and obstetrician in 1779. In 1781/82, a patron made it possible for him to take part in further training with Hofrat GW Stein at the maternity hospital in Kassel. There he gained extensive experience in obstetrics and learned to use the forceps . He then continued his practice in Kirchheim unter Teck. In 1787 he emerged as a medical author with the book Observations, Treatises and Messages, which mainly concern diseases of women and children and the science of childbirth (Tübingen 1787).

From 1792 until his death in 1822 Osiander was professor of medicine and director of the maternity hospital ( Accouchierhaus ) in Göttingen . In 1804 he was elected a full member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . In 1805 he was appointed councilor . As an author, teacher and practitioner, Osiander was one of the most prominent German obstetricians of his time. He appeared as a champion of surgical obstetrics and a staunch advocate of the forceps; however, he refused operations that sacrificed the child's life to save the mother. Under Osiander's direction, 40% of all deliveries in the Göttingen maternity hospital were performed with forceps. This made him the opponent of Johann Lukas Boër in Vienna, who advocated “natural obstetrics”.

After Osiander's death, his son Johann Friedrich Osiander took his place in the management of the Göttingen maternity hospital for a short time . His successor was Caspar Julius Mende in 1823 .

family

Osiander married Friederike Charlotte Weber (July 22, 1765 - August 19, 1827), daughter of the mayor of Cannstatt Johann David Weber , on January 26, 1786 in Kirchheim under Teck . Four children were born in the marriage:

  • Johann Friedrich Osiander (born February 2, 1787 in Kirchheim unter Teck, † February 10, 1855 in Göttingen), professor of medicine in Göttingen
  • Christian Friedrich Osiander (born February 22, 1789 in Kirchheim unter Teck, † September 24, 1839 in Tübingen) bookseller in Tübingen, married. in Tübingen on May 2, 1813 with Caroline, daughter of the Tübingen bookseller Jacob Friedrich Heerbrandt
  • Christiane Friederike Osiander (born January 27, 1793), married. 1815 with the lawyer Sophus Schmidt
  • Tullia Luise Osiander (born June 30, 1795)

Works (selection)

  • Treatise on the Use and Convenience of a Steinische birthing chair; Teaching obstetricians, midwives and those giving birth. Tübingen 1790 (actually 1789) With 2 coppers.
  • Prog. De causa insertionis placentae in uteri orificium, ex novis circa generationem humanam observationibus et hypothesibus declarata. Goettingen 1792
  • Prog. The latest from my Göttingen practice. Goettingen 1793
  • Treatise on the Most Advantageous Keeping of Animal Bodies in Wine Spirit. With additions from Mr. Hofrath Soemmerring. Goettingen 1793
  • Memorabilia. for medicine and obstetrics, extracted from the diaries of the royal practical institutions for learning these sciences in Göttingen. Vol. 1, part 1 - 2. With coppers, Göttingen 1794, Vol. 2, part 1 - 2. With 8 coppers, Göttingen 1795
  • Medical history of a woman who gave up various insects, larvae and worms through vomiting and bowel movements. Excavated from the first volume of his Memoirs of Medicine. With a copper, Göttingen 1794
  • Brief overview of the incidents in the royal. Maternity hospital at the Georg-Augustus University in Göttingen from October 1, 1794 to March 23, 1795, communicated to his audience as a souvenir at the end of the winter half-year. Goettingen 1795
  • Tabular list of all in the royal. Maternity hospital in Göttingen since its establishment at the end of 1751 until the end of 1762, along with its success for mother and child. Extracted from the diaries of the soul. Prof. Roederer. Goettingen 1795
  • Midwifery textbook both for teaching prospective midwives and as a reading book for every mother. Göttingen 1796, with 2 copper plates.
  • Brief message of the birth and establishment of the Society of Friends of Maternity Science. Goettingen 1796
  • Memories of police officers, doctors and housefathers regarding cattle diseases to prevent harmful consequences for people, to keep cattle found and rescue sick cattle. Goettingen 1796
  • Is it advisable to open the water bowl or not? In: Elben's Swabian Chronicle 1788
  • History of urinary retention by a scirrhous foreskin. In: Museum der Heilkunde Vol. 2 1794
  • Historia partus nanae, versionis negotio a fostu vivo feliciter liberatae, in concessu artis obstetriciae amantium praslecta d. Feb. 18, 1797. Göttingen 1797
  • New memorabilia for doctors and obstetricians. Vol. 1, part 1. With 4 coppers, Göttingen 1797; Part 2. With coppers, Göttingen 1798
  • Maternity textbook. 1st part: literary and pragmatic history of this art. Goettingen 1799
  • Annals of the maternity school at the University of Göttingen; along with an advertisement and review of new writings for obstetricians. 2 volumes in 4, Göttingen 1800–1804
  • Outline of the art of childbirth, as a guide to his lectures , 2 volumes, Göttingen 1802.
  • Strange story of a rare testicular tumor. In: Arnemanns Magazin für die Wundarzneywissenschaft 1798
  • Judgment on the alleged easy possibility of extermination of leaves in Europe; together with a reminder of the doctors of the present time, and the translation of a French letter from Voltaire on this subject, to the heart of those who believe and do not believe in the feasibility of extermination. In: Hannoversches Magazin 1798, St. 78 u. 79
  • Of the officinal fever-bark tree and the other species of it which Hippolytus Ruiz recently discovered and described; first translated from Spanish into Italian and from there into German. Goettingen 1794
  • Second update of the negotiations of the Society of Friends of Maternity in Göttingen, from April 1796 to 1798. Göttingen 1798
  • News of the creation and current state of the Boller bath. In: Swabian Chronicle 1786
  • About the cause of the strong connection and the long duration of the dull sleep. In: Hausleutner's Swabian Archive 1789. St 3, p. 372.
  • News of the age and the Mahlereyen of the church in Weilheim, a Würtemberg. County town. In: Hausleutner's Swabian Archive 1792
  • About the artificial removal of the parts of the mother cake that remained in the womb after an abortion, together with an illustration. In: Loder's Journal für die Chirurgie u. s. wufw 1798
  • Course of cowpox vaccinated by means of blister plasters. Based on my own observation and drawing, presented in a very precise ... Göttingen 1802
  • Epigrammata in complures musei anatomici res, quae versuum amore ductus fecit. Göttingen 1807
  • How can palaces, castles and playhouses best be protected against the risk of fire and conflagration avoided at all? answered etc Göttingen 1812
  • About suicide, its causes, types, medical and judicial examination, and the means against it. A font for police and Juftitz officials, as well as for trained doctors and surgeons, for psychologists and people's teachers. Hannover 1813 ( full text in the google book search)
  • Overview of the events in the maternity hospital in 1815; depicted in a speech to his audience on January 4, 1816. Göttingen 1816
  • Concerning the developmental diseases in the flowering years of the female sex. Part 1, contains the rare and wonderful coincidences of spirit and body at this age. Göttingen 1817, Part 2, on the medical and psychological treatment of these diseases. Tübingen 1818, 2nd increased edition. Tübingen 1820. 2 vol.
  • Childbirth Handbook. 1st vol. 1st department Tübingen 1818 2nd department. 1819. 2nd volume, 1st compartment. 1820. 2nd compartment. 1822
  • Illustrations and representations in copper engravings to explain the teaching of the birth according to the manual. 1st issue, with 4 coppers. Tübingen 1818
  • The loveliest picture of innocence, described for friends of the fine arts. Goettingen 1819
  • The story of the beautiful Venetian woman and her image. Goettingen 1819
  • Cupid the flower robber, an oil painting. Goettingen 1819
  • Achilles among the Daughters of Lycomedes, an oil painting. Goettingen 1819
  • Simple narration of the reason for his trip to Leipzig in December 1820 and of the surgical operations carried out there. Tubingen 1820
  • Birth place, or description and illustration of a birth frame, which is set up according to the principles set out in the Osiander handbook, invented by him and tried out through his own and other long-term use. With 2 illustrations, Tübingen 1821
  • History of urinary retention by scirrhous foreskin with its consequences and its healing, explained through drawings from nature, accompanied by a self-invented urine recipient for the use of those who cannot hold the urine. In: Museum der Heilkunde Vol. 2. (Zurich 1794). Pp. 1-19.
  • Healing of maternal cancer and pathological growths from the uterus through the incision. In: Reichsanzeiger 1803, No. .. and Hufelands Journal for Practical Medicine, Vol. 16, St. 3, pp. 133-135 (digitized version )
  • De instrumentis et machinis ad pernoscendam optimam aeque ac vitiosam pelvis muliebris formam et inclinationem facientibus, ab ipso inventis multoque usu comprobatis, commentatio illustra adumbrationibus cum Tab.Aen. VII. In: Commentationibus recentior. Societ. reg. scient. Vol. I, Göttingen, pp. 1-24.
  • Nova methodus instituendi vivente femina ventris gravidi incisionem, from ipso inventa et to peracta, adjectis observationum una cum descriptione staterae portatilis ad examinandum infantum neonatorum pondus nuper inventae. Vol. III, Göttingen, pp. 25-61.
  • De carbone ligneo, summo ad arcendam metallorum oxidationem remedio, novo ac certissimo esperimento comprovato. Vol. IV, Göttingen, pp. 89 ff.
  • De homine, quomodo formetur, continnatae observationes, spectantes inprimis epidermidem, cutem et piles fetuum. Göttingen, p. 109 ff.
  • About the tail worm of the cows. In: Hannoversches Magazin 1804, St. 32
  • Another conclusion on the ancient Gypsy story, from a Latin writer. Hannoversches Magazin, p. 84.
  • Cumbersome news of a perfect fruit in a boy's corpse, with explanatory notes. Hannoversches Magazin St. 88
  • About D. Gall's skull theory and lectures in Göttingen. Hannoversches Magazin 1805. St. 60. 83. 85–90.
  • Answer to the question: Do you have evidence and experience that the wines or some varieties of the same spit-grain have been mixed with them on the market? What were the intentions for this? Hannoversches Magazin 1806. St. 64.
  • About the planting of fruit trees on roads and in pastures. Hannoversches Magazin 1807. St. 43–46.
  • Cheap waterproof shoes without leather. Hannoversches Magazin 1808. St. 19.
  • About human eating of the earth. Hannoversches Magazin 1809. St. 26.27.
  • Cheap and safe way of shipping small animal bodies to be kept in alcohol. Hannoversches Magazin St. 52.
  • A tried and tested new means of protecting horses from fly bites. Hannoversches Magazin St. 75
  • About so-called ghost appearances and ghosts from personal experience. In: Hannoversches Magazin 1809, St. 15-18.
  • Dust rain or supposed sulfur rain in and around Göttingen. In: Hannoversches Magazin 1811. St. 22.
  • About the internal hernia of the draft ox. In: Hannoversches Magazin St. 31.
  • Some news from the life of Baron Christian Heinrich von Palm. In: Hannoversches Magazin, issue 63–66, 1819, column 993–1046.
  • Medical history of a young man who had had a disease on his left side for two years. In: Treatises of the Erlanger Societ. B. 1.

literature

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Benjamin Osiander  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 183.
personal data
SURNAME Osiander, Friedrich Benjamin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor for obstetrics
DATE OF BIRTH February 9, 1759
PLACE OF BIRTH Cell
DATE OF DEATH March 25, 1822
Place of death Goettingen