Joseph Xavier of Saxony

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Joseph Xavier von Sachsen , Count von der Lausitz (also Baron von Zabeltitz ), full name: Joseph Xavier Karl Raphael Philipp Benno von Sachsen (born August 23, 1767 in Dresden , † June 25, 1802 in Ossegg ), called Chevalier de Saxe - and (like his father) Comte de Lusace -, was an officer and general who served in various armies. His father was Prince Franz Xaver of Saxony (1730-1806), administrator of the Electorate of Saxony . He attended a French military school and embarked on an officer career in the French army, in 1782 he joined the Order of Malta . Johann Georg von Sachsen , an illegitimate son of Augustus the Strong , is also referred to as Chevalier de Saxe .

Stations in life as an officer

Grave monument of Joseph Xavier von Sachsen in the old cemetery in Osek
Hotel de Saxe in today's Teplice

After the French Revolution he left France and went to St. Petersburg in 1794 . He became a colonel in the Russian Guard and received an annuity of 2000 rubles from Tsarina Catherine II . According to Aldanow , he was famous for his lifestyle, as a womanizer, for his physical strength and, above all, for his fights - he was considered the king of duelists . Because of a dispute with the Russian princes Shcherbatov and Subov, he was expelled from Russia by the tsarina. He went to his sister Maria Anna of Saxony (1770-1845), wife of Prince Don Paluzzo Altieri (1760-1834), in Naples and was accepted into the royal service as a general. In the Second Coalition War he was involved in several battles against the French invaders and was wounded in the Battle of Civita Castellana in 1798 . After the French entered Naples, he went to Vienna and entered the service of the Habsburgs .

In 1802, the Russian opponents of the Chevalier de Saxe Adjutant General Platon Alexandrowitsch Subow (1767-1822) and Lieutenant Colonel Nikolai Grigoryevich Shcherbatow (1777-1848) traveled to Vienna to duel with the Chevalier. The Russian ambassador Count Andrei Kirillowitsch Rasumowski (1752-1836) and the diplomat Charles Joseph de Ligne (1735-1814) tried to mediate in the dispute between the Chevalier de Saxe and the Russian nobles, but remained unsuccessful. A duel was agreed near Teplitz . During the duel on June 25, 1802, the Chevalier was shot by the Russian Lieutenant Colonel Shcherbatov. The grave monument of Chevalier de Saxe Joseph Xavier von Sachsen was created by the sculptor Franz Pettrich and is located in the old cemetery at the parish church of St. Peter and Paul in Ossegg (Osek) in northern Bohemia . It is a listed building (ÚSKP No. 42824 / 5-2712). The Latin inscription reads: “Here rests Joseph de Saxe - son of the most noble Xavier, the royal prince of Poland and Lithuania, the Duke of Saxony - the commissioned governor of the King of the Two Sicilies, Knight of the Royal Order of St. Januarius and St. Joseph von Jerusalem died on his journey to the Teplitz springs on June 22nd, 1802. ”The“ Hotel de Saxe ”in today's Teplice, Masarykova třída 661/35 is reminiscent of the“ Chevalier de Saxe ”.

literature

Web links

Commons : Joseph Xavier von Sachsen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Epoch Napoleon - Joseph Xaver von Sachsen (accessed on February 11, 2019)
  2. ↑ Lexicus: Joseph Xaver, Chevalier de Saxe, also called Graf von Zabeltitz (accessed February 11, 2019)
  3. ↑ Mark Alexandrowitsch Aldanow (1886–1957): Olga Zherebzowa (1939) online (Russian) (accessed on February 11, 2019)
  4. ↑ Napoleon Series Archive 2014 - Le Chevalier de Saxe (French) (accessed February 11, 2019)
  5. ↑ 42824 / 5-2712 ( Czech ) Národní památkový ústav. Retrieved May 26, 2019.
  6. ↑ Audioteplice - Hotel de Saxe (accessed February 11, 2019)
personal data
SURNAME Joseph Xavier of Saxony
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Joseph Xavier Karl Raphael Philipp Benno of Saxony, Count of Lusatia
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prince of Saxony
DATE OF BIRTH August 23, 1767
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH June 25, 1802
Place of death Osek