Julius Spiegelberg

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Julius Spiegelberg (born February 18, 1833 in Peine , † January 24, 1897 in Cologne ) was a German entrepreneur and industrialist .

Life

Entrance gate of the former jute mill. Today a memorial for the victims of the Vechelde concentration camp.
Share over 1000 Marks of the Braunschweiger AG for the jute and flax industry from November 1st, 1889 with the signature of Julius Spiegelberg as member of the board

Julius Spiegelberg was the son of the Jewish businessman Samuel Spiegelberg (born October 16, 1792 in Peine, † June 17, 1871 in Braunschweig ) and his wife Betty, née Holländer (born March 15, 1801 in Hildesheim , † September 25, 1859 in Braunschweig ).

Spiegelberg founded the first jute spinning mill on the European mainland in Vechelde near Braunschweig (today the district of Peine ) with Scottish experts and English capital in 1861 . He had his workers trained by jute spinners from Dundee, Scotland . Since the financing could not be realized by German investors alone, Spiegelberg won over English investors and founded the British and Continental Jute and Flax Works Company Ltd. with them in 1866 . based in London and Braunschweig. The jute spinning mill in Vechelde, which only spun yarn but did not weave it itself, was able to deliver around 500 to 600 quintals of yarn a week in 1866.

A year later he converted the company into a public company. In 1867 4,000 shares at £ 25 each were launched for public subscription in London, Berlin, Braunschweig and Hamburg. Another year later, in 1868, the company became part of the Braunschweigische Aktiengesellschaft für Jute- und Flax-Industrie .

Spiegelberg was the founder and chairman of the Association of German Jute Industrialists and received the title of ducal-Braunschweig commercial council in 1882 .

As an industrialist, Julius Spiegelberg was a staunch advocate of child labor . In May 1887, in a petition to Karl Heinrich von Boetticher (1833–1907), then State Secretary in the Reich Office of the Interior , he pointed out that restricting child labor would damage industry and that the textile industry needed child labor to train capable workers.

In 1926 the jute spinning mill in Vechelde was closed. Between September 1944 and February 1945, the Vechelde subcamp , a sub-command of the Neuengamme concentration camp, was located on the site .

Death and memory

In January 1897 Spiegelberg died of a stroke on a trip to Cologne. His grave is in the main cemetery in Braunschweig .

In December 2008, the board of the Vechelde grammar school decided to change its name. The high school founded in 2004 has been called Julius-Spiegelberg-Gymnasium (JSG) since March 2009 .

Trivia

Spiegelberg was a member of the so-called "English and French Club" in Braunschweig. The club was not an association for the cultivation of English and French culture, but served the members to promote their language skills, which should have a positive effect on their business relationships.

Around fifteen Brunswick businessmen met each week in one of their members' houses during the winter months, with plenty of wine, beer and cigars to speak English or French for an evening. For each relapse into the German mother tongue, according to the club's statutes, the perpetrator had to pay a fine of one thaler (three marks ).

The English politician and travel writer Lord Frederick Spencer Hamilton (1856–1928), who was a guest of this group on a few evenings, reported that these gentlemen had a rather “twisted” English.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ P. Maitra: The mainspring of economic development. Publisher Croom Helm, London 1980, ISBN 0-85664-456-0 .
  2. ↑ a b Rudolf von Gottschall : Our time - German review of the present. Volume 2. Brockhaus publishing house, Leipzig 1866.
  3. ↑ Eduard Gottlieb Amthor (ed.): Forward - magazine for merchants. Volume 3. Verlag Rübling, Stuttgart / Leipzig 1866.
  4. ^ A. Moser (Ed.): Journal for Capital and Rents. Volume 3. Verlag W. Nitzschke, Stuttgart 1867, p. 137
  5. ↑ Herbert Obenaus (Ed.): Historical manual of the Jewish communities in Lower Saxony and Bremen. Volume 1, Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2005, p. 1277, ISBN 3-89244-753-5
  6. ↑ See collection of sources on the history of German social policy 1867 to 1914 , Section II: From the Imperial Social Message to the February Decrees of Wilhelm II (1881–1890) , Volume 3: Workers' Protection , edited by Wolfgang Ayaß . Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1998, p. 470, ISBN 3-534-13440-0
  7. ↑ Axel Richter: The Vechelde sub-command of the Neuengamme concentration camp. For the use of concentration camp prisoners in arms production . Ed .: Vechelde municipality . Vechelde 1985.
  8. ↑ Lord Frederick Spencer Hamilton : The Days Before Yesterday . Hodder and Stoughton, London 1920.
personal data
SURNAME Spiegelberg, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German entrepreneur and industrialist
DATE OF BIRTH February 18, 1833
PLACE OF BIRTH Torment
DATE OF DEATH January 24, 1897
Place of death Cologne