Jupp Wiertz
Jupp Wiertz ( Joseph Lambert Wiertz ) (* 5. November 1888 in Aachen , † 7. January 1939 in Berlin ) was a commercial artist and poster artist . He is one of the most important representatives of the German art of advertising .
Life and work
childhood and education
Poster art for the cosmetics manufacturer F. Wolff & Sohn , 1926/27
After attending grammar school, Jupp Wiertz, the son of a butcher, attended the Aachen School of Applied Arts . One of his teachers was the late impressionist painter Eugène Klinckenberg . Similar to other Aachen artists, including Ludwig Mies van der Rohe , Peter Förster and Ewald Mataré, Wiertz moved to Berlin at a young age - probably in the first decade of the 20th century - in order to broaden his artistic horizons. At the Berlin School of Applied Arts , Wiertz continued his artistic studies with his teacher, the graphic artist Ernst Neumann, among others. The training with the commercial artist and caricaturist Neumann shaped his early creative years. Wiertz completed his practical training as a lithographer in Leipzig .
First artistic creative period (1914-1920)
Wiertz's first creative period is characterized by lithographs, watercolors and a few poster designs for the Märkische Buch- und Artisiterei Reinus & Limann (MBK) in Berlin . At the age of 26 he was already in charge of the studios for artistic advertising equipment in Berlin-Schöneberg and taught at the Reimann School from 1914 to 1916 . In 1916 Wiertz took part in a competition initiated by the Verein der Posterfreunde eV to design a poster for the AEG Nitralampe . A commission made up of artists such as Peter Behrens , Emil Rudolf Weiß and Emil Orlik , but also politicians such as Walther Rathenau , awarded Wiertz's poster design third prize. This poster was realized and made a decisive contribution to increasing the popularity of Wiertz's designs. In the same year Wiertz won first and third prizes with two poster designs for Optimit GmbH Vienna. During the First World War he worked for the Ateliers Neumann (Berlin) on designs for the automobile and aircraft industries, including for Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft and Aviatik Actien Gesellschaft.
On April 14, 1917, Jupp Wiertz married 19-year-old Herta Thekla Bedau in Berlin. The couple remained childless.
In the last year of the war, Jupp Wiertz turned increasingly to political issues in his poster designs. One of the most famous is a poster for the German women's hair collection women and girls! Collect women's hair! and offering to our prisoners . In October 1918, the first solo exhibition with works by the artist was shown in the German Culture Museum in Leipzig. In 1919, together with Hans Meyer and Max Hertwig , Wiertz founded the Association of German Commercial Graphics , today a professional association of German communication designers , on whose board he was until at least 1930. In addition, Wiertz was a member of other artists' associations and associations, including the Association of Poster Friends and the Economic Association of Visual Artists .
In 1920 he illustrated 13 volumes of the new edition by the Berlin satirist Alexander Otto Weber together with the caricaturist Hans Leiter . In April 1920 the magazine Das Plakat published a portrait and a retrospective of the artist from the years 1913 to 1919, written by his artistic mentor Hans Josef Sachs .
Advertising graphics in the 1920s
At the beginning of the twenties Wiertz worked primarily for magazine publishers. Numerous illustrations and covers for magazines, such as B. The Bachelor , Reigen. International Art and Satire Review , Die Dame , Sport im Bild . In 1921 he designed the motif for the 1921 Christmas plate for the Rosenthal company .
From the mid-1920s onwards, Jupp Wiertz turned increasingly to advertising campaigns and poster designs for large companies. The best known are the poster designs for:
- Odol- the secret of my beauty for Lingner-Werke AG (1920)
- Ancient lavender water for Gustav Lohse AG (1925)
- Soap flakes Lux for Sunlicht Gesellschaft AG (1925)
- Nestle's children's meal for Linda GmbH (1925),
- Vogue perfume from F. Wolff & Sohn (1926–1928),
- Kaloderma from F. Wolff & Sohn (1925–1930);
- Manoli (1928–1930) and Regatta (1928–1930) cigarettes .
- Mah Jong chocolates (1924) by Sarotti
During this time, Wiertz increasingly began to design advertising posters and illustrations for brochures for tourist associations, including for the Reichszentrale für Deutsche Verkehrswerbung, the Reichsbahnzentrale for German travel and his hometown Aachen (1928).
Tourism and transport advertising in the 1930s
Working for large companies and organizations in the field of traffic advertising and tourism determined the majority of his extensive work in the last decade of his life. During this time, he increasingly oriented himself towards the Art Deco style . At the beginning of the 1930s, his most important clients included the press service of the Deutsche Reichsbahn , Deutsche Luft Hansa AG , Deutsche Zeppelin-Reederei , Deutsche Reichspost and Daimler-Benz AG . His most famous poster designs also originate from this time:
- Oberammergau Passion Play (1934) for the Oberammergau Tourist Office
- A pleasant trip to Germany (1935) for the Reichsbahnzentrale for German travel
- Winter in the Harz (ca.1935)
- 50 years of Mercedes-Benz automobile manufacture for Daimler-Benz AG 1935,
- In two days to North America (1937) for the German Zeppelin shipping company
- Saalfeld fairy grottoes - the naturally colored stalactite caves in the Thuringian Forest , 1937
- Winter in Germany (1937)
- Bayreuth Wagner Festival (1936/38)
Due to numerous large orders, the graphics and illustrations became increasingly accessible to a wide audience. In 1935, for example, Wiertz designed around 100 brochure covers for Shell tour cards for Rhenania-Ossag Mineralölwerke AG Berlin , which were followed by around 200 double-cover card covers in 1936. In the years 1933 to 1938 he designed the cover pages of the tear -off calendar of the German Reichsbahn calendar .
After National Socialism came to power, almost all of the tourism advertising, for which Wiertz mainly worked during this period, was under central government control. In addition to the posters and brochures already mentioned for the Deutsche Reichspost, the Reichsbahnzentrale for German travel and the press service of the Deutsche Reichsbahn, he also designed advertising materials for the Nazi community Kraft durch Freude . In contrast to his artistic competitor Ludwig Hohlwein , who increasingly "followed the trend of the time, increasingly combined nationalistic content with naturalistic imagery". , Wiertz remained largely true to a striking, watercolor-based painting style, which is characterized by dramatic light-shadow compositions, even in the later phase of his work.
His wife Herta died on September 9, 1934 at the age of 37. Wiertz now devoted himself increasingly to his artistic work. For his poster Passion Play Oberammergau he received the 1st prize for the best poster in publicity at the competition of the Conseil Central du Tourisme International in Paris. In 1936 and 1937 he employed two employees in his studio in Berlin, the graphic artists Ernst Litter and Helmut Kirchberger , who are considered his artistic students.
In 1937 he was able to repeat his success in the competition of the Conseil Central du Tourisme International as part of the World Exhibition in Paris and won first and second prizes for his poster designs Bad Elster and Erlebe den Harz - the wonder of the German forest . The city of Aachen dedicated a large exhibition to him on the occasion of his 50th birthday in 1938.
Sickness and death
In early 1938, while working with paint spray guns, Jupp Wiertz contracted a wound infection with subsequent sepsis , from which the artist no longer recovered. His health deteriorated noticeably during the year. On January 7, 1939, Jupp Wiertz died at the age of 50 in Berlin of multiple organ failure .
literature
- Adam C. Oellers , Roland Rappmann, Anke Volkmer, Uwe Eichholz: The femme fatale at the pace of the big city - the master designer Jupp Wiertz 1888–1939. Suermondt-Ludwig-Museum , Aachen 2003, ISBN 3-929203-49-9 .
- Swantje Kuhfuss-Wickenheiser: The Zeppelin posters by Jupp Wiertz in the context of his graphic oeuvre from 1919–1937. In: Wissenschaftliches Jahrbuch 2007. Ed. By the Zeppelin Museum Friedrichshafen, Friedrichshafen 2007, ISBN 978-3-86136-126-8 , pp. 8-29.
- J. Meißner (Hrsg.): Strategies of advertising art. 1850-1933. German Historical Museum, Berlin, 2004, ISBN 3-86102-130-7 .
Press articles
- Ernst Cremer: Jupp and luxury advertising. Aachener Nachrichten (weekend magazine) from January 23, 1999.
- Ernst Cremer: 60 years of automotive history. Aachener Nachrichten of February 23, 2002. Exhibition of Daimler-Benz AG including its own poster advertising from 1900 to 1960. Jupp Wiertz represented with the anniversary poster 50 Years of the Automobile (1885–1935) from 1935.
Web links
- Literature by and about Jupp Wiertz in the catalog of the German National Library
- Exhibition catalog DHM: Art! Commerce! Visions!
- Portrait on the pages of the Mies van der Rohe house
Individual evidence
- ↑ Swantje Kuhfuss-Wickenheiser: The Reimann School in Berlin and London 1902–1943. A Jewish company for international art and design training up to its destruction by the Hitler regime. Aachen 2009, ISBN 978-3-86858-475-2 , p. 510.
- ↑ Jürgen Krause: The useful modern age: Graphics & product design in Germany 1935-1955. Westphalian State Museum for Art and Cultural History, Münster, March 19 - 4 June 2000. Westphalian State Museum for Art and Cultural History Münster , Regional Association Westphalia-Lippe , 2000. p. 215.
- ^ AC Oellers, R. Rappmann, U. Eichholz, A. Volkmer: The femme fatale at the pace of the big city - the master designer Jupp Wiertz 1888–1939. Aachen 2004, p. 24.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Wiertz, Jupp |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wiertz, Joseph Lambert |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German commercial artist and poster artist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 5, 1888 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Aachen |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 7, 1939 |
| Place of death | Berlin |