Emil Orlik

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Emil Orlik
Hans Pfitzner : German postage stamp from 1994 after a portrait drawing by Orlik
Bernhard Weiß Photo by Emil Orlik

Emil Orlik , actually Emil Orlík , (born July 21, 1870 in Prague , † September 28, 1932 in Berlin ) was a Bohemian painter , graphic artist , photographer , medalist and craftsman .

Life

Orlik was the son of the Prague Jewish master tailor Moritz Orlik (1832-1897) and his wife Anna, née Stein. After graduating from high school in Prague in 1889 , he studied from 1889 to 1893 at the private painting school Heinrich Knirrs in Munich and at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich . In 1894 he returned to Prague, where he finally established himself with his own studio in 1897. A trip to East Asia to Japan from 1900 to 1901 was decisive for his further artistic development. In 1904 he moved to Vienna . He was a member of the Vienna Secession from 1899 to 1905 and published in the Secession magazine Ver Sacrum . After 1905 Emil Orlik became a board member of the German Association of Artists .

A call as professor at the State Educational Institute of the Berlin Museum of Applied Arts ( United State Schools for Free and Applied Art since 1924 ) to head the graphics class, where he succeeded Otto Eckmann , made him move to Berlin just a year later . Among his students there are names such as George Grosz , Hannah Höch , Oskar Nerlinger , Josef Fenneker , Reinhold Ewald , Carl Schröder , Gustav Berthold Schröter , Erich Schönfeld , Siegward Sprotte , Karl Hubbuch and Gerhard Ulrich (1903–1988), who died after Orlik's death was appointed professor and became his successor. Orlik was a member of the Berlin Secession from 1906 and participated in its exhibitions. From 1922 to 1932 he was a member of the Prussian Academy of the Arts .

Berlin remained his place of residence until Orlik's death, from where he made trips to southern Europe, France and Switzerland almost every year. In 1912 the second, extended trip to Asia followed, which took him through China , Korea and Japan . He died in Berlin on September 28, 1932.

plant

Orlik was mainly active as a draftsman and graphic artist (etchings and woodcuts). His subjects include portraits of important contemporaries, u. a. by Henrik Ibsen , Bernhard Pankok , Gustav Mahler , Hermann Bahr , Max Klinger , Jakob Wassermann and Rainer Maria Rilke , whom he had known from Prague since 1896. “The subject of his works is rooted in the petty-bourgeois and rural milieu of his respective places of residence ... This also outlines the topics in Orlik's work ...: folklore, country life, chic, the big city and its inhabitants, the exotic, the distant countries of the Orient and East Asia. "

Poster by Emil Orlik for Gerhart Hauptmann's drama Die Weber

Orlik's bookplate

Orlik designed collection pictures for Stollwerck scrapbooks , etc. on behalf of the Cologne chocolate producer Ludwig Stollwerck . a. the series "Rinderbilder" for the Stollwerck scrapbook no. 5 from 1902. From 1917 to 1918 Orlik was employed as a press draftsman at the Brest Litovsk Conference . In Orlik's time in Berlin, a. a. Portraits of Ernst Barlach , Lovis Corinth , Otto Dix , Käthe Kollwitz , Max Slevogt , Franz Werfel , Rudolf Steiner , Thomas Mann , Albert Einstein , Franz Marc and Alfred Döblin . In collaboration with Max Reinhardt , he created stage and costume designs for his productions.

In 1897 , the art magazine Pan published small etchings by Orlik as supplements , including a small-format etching of the poster Die Weber for Gerhart Hauptmann 's social drama of the same name . In a letter to the poet dated September 13, 1897, he referred to the reproduction of the poster in this magazine, which is considered "the cornerstone of the German social poster". From 1897 to 1901, the Munich cultural magazine Die Jugend repeatedly used graphics and pictures from Orlik.

Japonism

After his first trip to Japan in 1900/01, Orlik created works that were inspired by Japanese woodblock prints . He is therefore one of the artists of Japonism . Orlik also made trips to China , Russia and Egypt .

Orlik collected works of art from the Far East and in 1909 was a lender for the exhibition "Japan and East Asia in Art".

Others

In 2018, the (private) Museum Büchel was opened in the Roten Burg in Aachen , which exclusively houses works by Emil Orlik.

Image selection

  • Bookplate, 1897

  • Seamstress, 1897

  • Kanō T., 1901

  • Fuji pilgrims, 1901

  • Girls under willows, 1901

  • Kolo Moser , 1903

  • Three girls playing a board game, around 1907

  • Chinese, 1912

  • Self-portrait, 1920s

  1. ↑ Kanō Tomonobu (狩 野 友 信; 1843–1912).

Fonts

Exhibitions

literature

  • Jochen Meyer: "I go to sleep with Kremserweiß and get up with vermilion!" Emil Orlik's "Camel Letters" to Oskar Loerke 1913–1932 . Wallstein, Göttingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-8353-1360-6 .
  • Stiftung Kunstforum Ostdeutsche Galerie (Ed.): Between Japan and America. Emil Orlik - an artist at the turn of the century . Kerber, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 978-3-86678-714-8
  • Jürgen Herrlein : Prague Jewish academics as members of the student associations “Corps Austria” and the “Speech and Reading Hall for German Students in Prague”. Their ex-libris and club graphics by Emil Orlik (1870–1932) and Georg Jilovsky (1884–1958) ; in: Österreichisches Jahrbuch für Exlibris und Arbeitsgraphik, Vol. 66, 2009–2010, pp. 27–35, ISBN 978-3-9500800-5-6
  • Julia Cremer: Found again : Emil Orlik's mural from Oskar Loerke's gazebo in Berlin-Frohnau. In: Yearbook of the German Schiller Society. 53rd year 2009, Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2009, pp. 276–291. ISBN 978-3-8353-0524-3
  • Uwe Carstens : Emil Orlik , in: Tönnies-Forum , 16. Jg., 2007, H. 2, S. 66-69. ISSN  0942-0843
  • Birgit Ahrens : 'Because the stage is the mirror of time'. Emil Orlik (1870–1932) and the Theater , Kiel: Verlag Ludwig 2001, ISBN 3-933598-19-2
  • Setsuko Kuwabara: 95 heads from Orlik. 95 new heads from Orlik. Preface to Emil Orlik, a portraitist of intellectual Berlin. Berlin, Gebr. Mann, 1998. ISBN 3-7861-2272-5 .
  • Eugen Otto: Emil Orlik. Life and work 1870 to 1932 . Christian Brandstätter Verlag, Vienna, 1997
  • Heinrich R. Scheffer : The ex-libris of Emil Orlik , Wiesbaden: Verlag Claus Wittal 1992, ISBN 3-922835-23-6
  • Margret Schütte: Emil Orlik. Graphics. Picture books of the Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz Berlin. 1983, ISSN  0522-9790 .
  • Hans H. Hofstätter : History of European Art Nouveau Painting. A draft, Cologne 1977 (6th edition), ISBN 3-7701-0246-0 , p. 229
  • Emil Orlik. Painter, draftsman and graphic artist. Exhibition catalog March 15–30. April 1974 in the gallery of Abercron Cologne, Cologne 1974
  • Franz Matsche (Ed.): Emil Orlik. Drawings and prints from 1889–1932. Catalog for the exhibition at the Städtisches Kunstmuseum Bonn, November 14, 1972 - January 7, 1973 and the Villa Stuck, Munich, March 8, 1973–6. May 1973, Passau 1972
  • Siegfried Salzmann: Emil Orlik (1870–1932) on his 100th birthday. Exhibition catalog of the Wilhelm-Lehmbruck-Museum of the City of Duisburg, November 6th - December 6th 1970, Duisburg 1970
  • Gerhard Ulrich: Heads from Emil Orlik's 1920s . Sigbert Mohn, Gütersloh 1962
  • Dorothea Peters:  Orlik, Emil. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , pp. 591-593 ( digitized version ).
  • Encyclopaedia Judaica Volume 12, 1971, Col.1470f.
  • Hans Loubier : Emil Orlik . In: The poster. Journal of the Verein der Posterfreunde eV 7th year, 1916, issue 4, pp. 159–171.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ artist. Prof. Emil Orlik. German Society for Medal Art, accessed on January 6, 2015 .
  2. ^ Prager Tagblatt obituary dated December 11, 1897
  3. ↑ Police registration form for the family, State Archives Prague
  4. ↑ kuenstlerbund.de: Ordinary members of the German Association of Artists since it was founded in 1903 / Orlik, Emil ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed December 4, 2015)
  5. ↑ Orlik. In: Academy of the Arts. Retrieved January 10, 2019 .
  6. ↑ see text by RM Rilke: “A Prague artist” (= Emil Orlik) in Ver Sacrum issue 7, 1900 and Rainer Maria Rilke. Von Kunst-Dingen, Leipzig / Weimar 1981, page 55 f
  7. ^ Emil Orlik. Drawings and prints from 1889–1932, Munich 1972, p. 33
  8. ↑ Lorenz, Detlef: Reklamekunst um 1900. Artist lexicon for collecting pictures, Reimer-Verlag, 2000.
  9. ↑ Eugen Otto (Ed.): Emil Orlik. Life and work 1870 to 1932. Prague, Vienna, Berlin. Christian Brandstätter Verlag, Vienna 1997, p. 146.
  10. ^ Cäcilie and Oscar Graf, Directory of Collections and Exhibitors, in Exh. Cat .: Japan and East Asia in Art, Official Catalog of the Exhibition, Munich 1909, p. 104
  11. ↑ Käthe Kollwitz Museum Cologne Kreissparkasse Cologne Current exhibitions ( Memento of the original from February 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed February 19, 2014 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kollwitz.de

Web links

Commons : Emil Orlik  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Orlik, Emil
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Orlík, Emil (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bohemian painter, printmaker and artisan
DATE OF BIRTH July 21, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH September 28, 1932
Place of death Berlin