Anghel-Saligny Bridge
Coordinates: 44 ° 20 ′ 26 ″ N , 28 ° 1 ′ 1 ″ E
| Anghel-Saligny Bridge | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
||
| Official name | Podul Ing.A. Saligni | |
| Crossing of | Danube | |
| place | Cernavoda | |
| construction | Gerber girder bridge | |
| overall length | 750 m + 912 m | |
| Number of openings | 5 + 15 | |
| Longest span | 190 m | |
| Construction height | 32 m | |
| Clear height | 30 m above HW | |
| start of building | 1890 | |
| completion | 1895 | |
| Status | shut down | |
| planner | Anghel Saligny | |
| location | ||
|
||
The Anghel Saligny Bridge ( Romanian Podul Anghel Saligny , officially Podul Ing. A. Saligni , originally Podul Regele Carol I [King Charles I Bridge]) is a disused railway bridge over the Danube near Cernavodă in Romania . It was part of the railway line from Bucharest to Constanța and was one of the largest bridges in Europe when it opened.
location
The Anghel-Saligny Bridge crosses the eastern main arm of the Danube about 800 m above the branch of the Danube-Black Sea Canal , which, however, was only built 90 years after it. The Danube Island between the main arm and the Borcea arm of the Danube, which is around 13 km wide and often flooded during floods , is crossed with a viaduct and a heaped dam. On the western side of the island, the shorter Borcea Bridge , built according to the same construction scheme, connects with Feteşti in Ialomița County .
Only around 50 m further south or upstream is the combined railway and motorway bridge , which opened in 1987 and is usually simply called the Cernavodă Bridge , which replaced the Anghel-Saligny Bridge.
description
The Anghel-Saligny Bridge is single-track. It has a length of 750 m between the entrance portals. This is followed by a 912 m long viaduct over part of the Danube Island. The bridge consists of five openings with spans of 190 m in the main opening and 140 m in the four side openings. The viaduct consists of 15 openings with spans of 60 m each. The eastern abutment , designed as a portal, stands on the high bank. In the current course of the river, two of the four pillars stand almost on the bank, one in the river and one on land. The western abutment is a pillar, which in turn is designed as a portal and at the same time serves as a support for the first section of the viaduct.
The pillars had to be founded on the rocky soil up to 31 m lower because of the soil consisting of alluvial layers of sand. The clear height is 30 m above the highest and 37 m above the lowest water level.
The superstructure is a Gerber girder bridge made of steel trusses that are slightly inclined towards the longitudinal axis. The lower chords are straight, the upper chords partly straight, partly curved and rising to the tips above the pillars. The boom beams have a construction height of 9 m at the ends, 32 m above the pillars and 17 m in the straight middle sections. The three suspension girders in the middle and on the abutments are 90 m long, in the middle 13 m and at the ends 9 m high semi-parabolic girders . The superstructure was one of the first to be made from Siemens-Martin steel .
The eastern bridge portal is flanked by two larger than life bronze statues of a Dorobanț (infantry soldier ), which were created by the French sculptor Léon Pilet (1836–1916) and presented to the Romanian people by the French embassy in Bucharest.
The Borcea Bridge is constructed in a similar way, but has no central suspension beam and only three openings of 140 m each on four pillars, which are joined by short viaducts on both sides.
history
After the northern part of the Dobruja came to Romania in the Berlin Treaty of 1878 , there was the railway from Constanța to Cernavodă, which was built under the Ottoman Empire , and the line from Bucharest to Fetești, but no bridge over the Danube. The last bridge over the river was the Franz-Joseph-Brücke and stood 650 km to the west or 955 km upstream in the then Austro-Hungarian , now Serbian Novi Sad (Neusatz) as the crow flies . Under the reign of Charles I, King of Romania , the large gap in the Danube valley was closed and not only created a continuous connection of the Romanian railway network with the port in Constanta, but also a year-round functioning transport compound not by the regularly occurring ice drift on the Danube could be interrupted.
The drafts submitted in a first European call for tenders in 1883 were not accepted by the evaluation committee made up of international experts. In 1888 Anghel Saligny , the head of the construction department of the Romanian Railway , was commissioned with the planning. According to his plans and under his direction, the Podul Regele Carol I was built by the French company Fives-Lille , the Borcea bridge by Schneider-Creusot and the viaducts by the Belgian company Cockerill . The laying of the foundation stone took place on October 21, 1890 and the ceremonial opening on September 14, 1895, both in the presence of King Carol I.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d The Danube Bridge near Cernavoda in Romania. (without naming the author) In: Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung X. 1890, No. 18, pp. 175–177 ( digitized version of the Central and State Library Berlin)
- ^ E. Gaertner: The Danube crossing Fetesti-Cernavoda in Romania. In: Allgemeine Bauzeitung , 1896, pp. 25–36, as well as panels No. 11–15
- ↑ Discussion of the tanner girders and schematic drawing of the bridge in: Joseph Melan: Der Brückenbau After lectures given at the German Technical University in Prague. III. Volume, 2nd half. Iron Bridges Part II. Second edition. Franz Deuticke, Leipzig and Vienna 1923, pp. 14 f, 17 ( digitized on archive)
- ↑ Steliu Lambru: Le pont Carol 1er de Cernavoda on Radio România International
- ↑ a b R .: The Romanian Danube Bridge. In: Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung , IX. Volume, No. 49 (from December 7, 1889), p. 473 ( digitized version of the Central and State Library Berlin) on kobv.de
- ↑ List of Danube bridges ( memento of August 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) on viadonau (PDF; 84 kB)
- ^ Ouvrages du génie civil francais dans le monde - Ponts et viaducs - 1820-1915 ( Memento of December 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) on planete-tp
- ^ Anca Aldea: Anghel Saligny. on jurnalul.ro