kuk telegraph force

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Mountain radio station during the First World War with a hand crank dynamo below the Eissespitze at an altitude of approx. 3,000 m
The field telegraph station car contained two field telegraph stations and seats for field telegraphists, had four horses and was steered from the saddle.
The field telegraph material wagon M. 1890 transported the cable material spooled on drums and the necessary construction tools, was 4-horse and was steered from the saddle.

In peacetime the kuk telegraph troops were united as a telegraph regiment together with the railroad regiment, the airship department and the automobile department in the kuk transport troop brigade .

Outlines

Peacetime

1 telegraph regiment

  • 4 battalions with 1 battalion staff each and 4 companies
  • 1 radio department
  • 1 testing department
  • 1 material management
  • 1 replacement battalion cadre

Cadres provided by the regiment :

War status

During the war , i.e. after the mobilization had taken place , the regimental and battalion units were disbanded and the telegraph force was reorganized. All field (mountain) telegraph and telephone departments, with the exception of the special and fortress telegraph departments, were divided into platoons. The train was the technical disposition unit and consisted of the telegraph and train staff and could be divided into two half-trains for the construction of the line.

  • Field Telegraph Departments
  • Mountain Telegraph Departments
  • Special telegraph departments
  • Field Telephone Departments
  • Mountain Telephone Departments
  • Field and mountain radio stations
  • Fortress Telegraph Departments
  • Spare telegraph construction and operations departments
  • Mobile telegraph field depots
  • Several telegraph replacement companies

equipment

In the telegraph (telephone) formations, a train had the following technical equipment:

Composition of a train Field telegraph
stations		 Telephone
stations		 Signal
stations		 km of
telegraph cable		 km of
telephone cables
Field Telegraph Department 2 - - 20th -
Mountain Telegraph Department 3 - - 20th -
Body telegraph department - 2 - - 20th
Divisional Telephone Department - 2 2 - 20th
Mountain Telephone Department - 3 3 - 20th

Special formations:

  • Special telegraph departments (not divided into platoons) had 4 km of river cable, 40 km of telegraph cable, a supply of field telegraph machines and telephone stations, etc.
  • Field radio stations had sending and receiving devices, 1 gasoline engine with dynamo machine, 1 detachable iron 45 m high mast and auxiliary mast.
  • Mountain radio stations were lighter and were set up on carts or pack animals to get around in the mountains .
  • Reserve telegraph - construction and operations departments had building materials 40 km of telegraph line and 4 to 5 stations for Hughes or Morse code operations.

Correspondence

Types of correspondence

The technical type of bidirectional information transfer was designated as correspondence type and was divided into three types.

  • Galvanic: The letters appeared visibly as Morse code on a strip of paper
  • Phonically: The letters could be heard as Morse code through a buzzing sound.
  • By telephone: the speaker could be heard.

Correspondence second

The following average ranges of information transmission could be achieved:

  • Elevated lines made of telephone wire in dry weather, phonical and telephonic: approx. 30 km
  • Elevated lines made of telephone cables in dry weather, phonical and telephonic: approx. 60 km
  • Telegraph cables enabled the galvanic transmission of information over all distances occurring within an army.
  • Field and mountain radio stations: depending on the elevation and height of the mast used, from 50 to 500 km, further on the plains, shorter in the mountains
  • Flag signals : under favorable conditions with the naked eye up to 6 km, with binoculars up to 10 km
  • Signal devices: with sunlight up to 30 km, with artificial light up to 6 km during the day, up to 30 km at night

literature

  • Captain V. Pech: Army Tables Teaching and Learning Aids for Military Education Institutions and Reserve Officer Schools , Prague 1915
  • Wrede, History of the KuK Wehrmacht, Volume I. Vienna 1898
  • Austro-Hungarian War Ministry "Dislocation and division of the Austro-Hungarian Army, the Austro-Hungarian Navy, the Imperial and Royal Landwehr and the Imperial and Royal Landwehr" in: Seidel's small army scheme - Ed .: Seidel & Sohn Vienna 1914
  • Allmayer-Beck , Lessing : The K. (below) K. Army. 1848-1914 . Bertelsmann, Munich et al. 1974, ISBN 3-570-07287-8 .