SM submarines
SM submarines ( "SM" stands for "His Majesty") was the common name for the submarine creatures in the Imperial and Royal Navy Austria-Hungary . The almost identically named submarines of the German Empire can be found in this list .
Beginnings
The first submarines
In 1908 the first submarine of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, SM Unterseeboot 3 , was launched. Before that, three test boats of the types Simon Lake , Germania and John Philip Holland were built between 1907 and 1910 . From these, after thorough testing, the type that had proven itself best was selected. All boats were intended as coastal boats for the Adriatic region .
Three years later, in 1912, the fleet comprised the submarines U 1 and U 2 (outdated lake boats with petrol engines), U 3 and U 4 (Germania boats) and U 5 and U 6 (Dutch boats with petrol engines).
The submarine station in Pola with the mother ship SMS Pelikan was under the port admiral.
On the daily trips, the submarines were assigned certain areas. One boat went in the rayon south of Pola to Promontore, one in the Fasana Channel and the third submarine west of the Brion Islands . Every week, exercises were carried out in which SMS Gigant and SMS Spalato were used as target ships for torpedo fire.
The scope of these exercise drives was sufficient until the crews and staffs had retracted and the commanders had their boats completely under control. Soon, however, it was necessary to carry out advanced actions in order to gain experience of life on board the submarines and the behavior of the engines. However, the port admiral refused to do so. After long requests, the U 5 and U 6 boats were allowed to be sent to the Gulf of Cattaro . This trip was successful, and the commanders used every chance to carry out mock attacks on passing naval units and steamships .
Two smaller exercises took place in the waters off Lussin and in the Quaranero , which increased the motivation of the officers and crews and strengthened confidence in the boats. The targets were SMS Gigant in the first exercise and SMS Herkules in the second exercise.
At that time, the officer cadre comprised only six commanders, three reserve commanders and three other second officers . There was no special school for submarine officers.
Young frigate lieutenants were assigned to a reserve staff as second officers after a medical examination. They took part in all trips of the boat type in question and studied theory in the afternoon under the guidance of a reserve commander. When the opportunity arose, the frigate lieutenant was embarked as second officer. The second officer was then a candidate for the post of reserve commander. Theoretical and practical training was similar for teams.
After creating the position of a fleet inspector, the commander of the submarine station tried to arouse his interest in the submarines. After several presentations, the fleet inspector agreed to take part in a submarine trip on board U 5. This three-hour demonstration drive was held in the rayon west of Brioni, the function of the engines and the sequence of a diving maneuver were explained to the inspector. A one-hour dive trip with changing depths and the sham launch of a torpedo were carried out. The brevity, silence and precision in issuing and executing orders aroused great interest, so that Admiral Haus could only report positive things.
New buildings
In 1912, the Germania shipyard in Kiel and the Whitehead factory in Fiume submitted projects for the construction of 1000 t boats. After a detailed study of the plans on the basis of experience with previous types, a program was drawn up for improvements in terms of speed, number of torpedo tubes and torpedoes, depth rudder, periscopes and ventilation. After discussions with the submarine commanders, the results of these findings were presented to the marine section.
After several meetings in the marine technical committee and in the marine section , in which representatives of both shipyards participated, the demands were confirmed by the marine section.
Museum reception
The only surviving fragments of a submarine of the Austro-Hungarian Navy are in the Army History Museum in Vienna. These are the tower and the pressure hull fragment of U 20 , which was attacked and sunk by an Italian submarine on July 6, 1918 in the area of the Tagliamento estuary while its batteries were being charged and the associated inability to maneuver. In the course of time, the Tagliamento washed up a lot of river sand , which raised the wreckage of the boat more and more and thereby hindered fishing and navigation in the Tagliamento estuary. In 1962, the Republic of Italy decided to salvage the wreck, which broke apart when it was lifted at the points where torpedoes had hit. The tower and parts of the pressure hull were handed over to the Republic of Austria , restored and exhibited in the Army History Museum. The few human remains that came to light when the wreck was recovered were handed over to the Austrian Armed Forces , brought to Wiener Neustadt by Steyr-Puch Haflinger and buried in the cemetery of the Theresian Military Academy . A grave of honor marks this place.
In 2012 the Army History Museum received a bundle of photographs that document the recovery of the submarine in 1962, a selection of which is on display in the area of the submarine. In addition, relics and equipment of the crew members recovered from U-20s can be seen.
Submarine series
SM U 1 and U 2
| Type | Single hull boat , System Lake |
|---|---|
| Shipyard | Naval Arsenal Pola |
| start of building | U 1: July 2, 1907 U 2: July 18, 1909 |
| Launch | U 1: February 10, 1909 U 2: April 3, 1909 |
| Commissioning | U 1: April 15, 1911 U 2: June 22, 1911 |
| displacement | above water 229.7 t; under water 248.9 t |
| length | 30.48 m; after renovation in 1915 30.76 m |
| width | 3.62 m; over everything 4.80 m |
| Draft | 3.85 m |
| drive | 2 × petrol engines, a total of 720 hp (from 1915 diesel engines) 2 × electric motors, a total of 200 hp |
| speed | above water max. 10.3 kn ; under water 6.0 kn |
| Radius of action | 950 nm at 6 kn over water; 15 nm at 5 kn under water |
| Armament | 3 × torpedo tubes 45 cm (2 bow, 1 stern), 3–5 torpedoes 1 × rapid fire cannon 37 mm |
| Diving depth | 40 m |
| crew | 14 men, plus 3 staff |
| Final fate | Both boats were removed from the active fleet in January 1918 and were then used as school boats in Brioni. Awarded to Italy in 1920 and scrapped in Pola. |
SM U 3 and U 4
| Type | Double hull boat |
|---|---|
| Shipyard | Germania shipyard , Kiel |
| start of building | U 3: March 12, 1907 U 4: March 12, 1907 |
| Launch | U 3: August 20, 1908 U 4: November 20, 1908 |
| Commissioning | U 3: September 12, 1909 U 4: August 29, 1909 |
| displacement | over water 240 t; under water 300 t |
| length | 43.2 m (with tail fin about 44.3 m) |
| width | 3.8 m (after reconstruction 4.6 m over all) |
| Draft | 2.95 m |
| drive | 2 × 8-cylinder two-stroke petroleum engines, 300 HP each 2 × electric motors, 160 HP each |
| speed | over water 12 kn; under water 8.5 kn |
| Radius of action | 1200 nm at 8 kn over water; 40 nm at 3 kn under water |
| Armament | 2 × torpedo tubes 45 cm (bow), 3 torpedoes (U 4 at the end of the war: 7 torpedoes) 1 × 7 cm-L / 26 1 × 3.7 cm-SFK |
| Diving depth | 50 m |
| crew | 18 men, plus 3 staff |
| Final fate | U 3: sunk by the French destroyer Bisson by artillery on August 13, 1915 at 4.55 a.m. at about 41 ° 00'N 18 ° 15'E (7 dead, 14 survivors) U 4: 1920 awarded to France and scrapped |
SM U 5 and U 6
| Type | Single hull boat, System Holland |
|---|---|
| Shipyard | Whitehead shipyard Fiume / Rijeka |
| start of building | U 5: April 9, 1908 U 6: February 21, 1908 |
| Launch | U 5: February 10, 1909 U 6: June 12, 1909 |
| Commissioning | U 5: April 1, 1910 U 6: July 1, 1910 |
| displacement | over water 240 t; under water 273 t |
| length | 32.09 m |
| width | 4.23 m |
| Draft | 3.9 m |
| drive | 2 × petrol engines, each 250 HP 2 × electric motors, each 115 HP |
| speed | over water 10.75 kn; under water 8.5 kn |
| Radius of action | 800 nm at 8.5 kn over water; 48 nm at 6 kn under water |
| Armament | 2 × torpedo tubes 45 cm (bow), 4 torpedoes 1 × 37 mm SFK (U 5 from July 1915: 47mm) U 5 from autumn 1916: 1 × 7.5 cm L / 30 |
| Diving depth | ? |
| crew | 15 men, plus 4 staff |
| Final fate | U 5: transferred to Venice on March 25, 1919 , handed over to Italy for scrapping in 1920 U 6: sunk in the Strait of Otranto on May 13, 1916 , crew rescued |
SM U 12
| Type | Single hull boat, modified single hull type |
|---|---|
| Shipyard | Whitehead shipyard Fiume / Rijeka |
| start of building | 1909 |
| Launch | March 14, 1911 as "Speculation Building SS 3" |
| Commissioning | August 21, 1914 |
| displacement | over water 240 t; under water 273 t |
| length | 32.09 m |
| width | 4.23 m |
| Draft | ? |
| drive | 2 × petrol engines, each 250 HP 2 × electric motors, each 115 HP |
| speed | over water 10.75 kn; under water 8.5 kn |
| Radius of action | 800 nm at 8.5 kn over water; 48 nm at 6.0 kn under water |
| Armament | 2 × torpedo tubes 45 cm (bow), 4 torpedoes From June 1915, additional 2 × 35 cm outboard launching frames 1 × 37 mm SFK |
| Diving depth | ? |
| crew | 15 men, plus 2 staff |
| Final fate | On August 8, 1915 ran into mine in the Bay of Venice and sank, total loss. The boat was lifted and scrapped at the Venice Arsenal. |
SM U 14 (ex Curie )
The French submarine Curie was towed into the Adriatic by the armored cruiser Michelet to patrol off Pola. The submarine got stuck in a submarine network while attempting to penetrate the port, and it was not possible to rescue it under its own power. On surface she was shot at by destroyers Magnet and SMT 63 T and sank as a result. It was lifted, repaired and the tower was rebuilt according to the German model. The boat was taken over as SM U 14 in the fleet of the Austro-Hungarian Navy. After the end of the war handed over to France and put back into service as a Curie .
| Type | Two-hull boat, Brumaire class, Laubeuf type |
|---|---|
| Shipyard | Arsenal du Mourillon, Toulon, France |
| start of building | 1907 |
| Launch | July 18, 1912 |
| Commissioning | 1913 as Curie , 7 February 1915 as U 14 |
| displacement | 410 t over water; 552 t under water |
| length | 52.15 m |
| width | 5.2 m (over all) |
| Draft | 3.2 m |
| drive | 2 × 6-cylinder four-stroke diesel, each approx. 240 hp; after conversion in 1916: 2 × 6-cylinder four-stroke diesel, 420 hp each, 2 × electric motors, 330 hp each |
| speed | 12.2 kn over water (after conversion 12.6 kn); 8.2 kn under water (after conversion 9.0 kn) |
| Radius of action | 1,200 nm at 12.2 kn over water 85 nm at 4.5 kn under water |
| Armament | 4 × swiveling broadside launching frame system Drzewiecky 2 × torpedo tubes in the deck structure, 45 cm (7 torpedoes); From spring 1918, the aft swivel frame was replaced by fixed, aft-facing torpedo tubes with drainage rails 1 × 3.7 cm-L / 23 (from February 1916 8.8 cm-L / 30) |
| Diving depth | ? |
| crew | 26 men, plus 2 staff |
| Final fate | Returned to France as spoils of war after the war, from July 17, 1919 back in service as a Curie in the French fleet, spun off in 1929 and scrapped in 1930 |
SM U 20, U 21, U 22, U 23
| Type | Single hull boat, Havmanden type |
|---|---|
| Shipyard | U 20 and U 23: Seearsenal Pola U 21 and U 22: UBAG, Fiume |
| start of building | U 20: September 29, 1915 U 21: December 6, 1915 U 22: December 18, 1915 U 23: December 8, 1915 |
| Launch | U 20: September 18, 1916 U 21: August 15, 1916 U 22: January 27, 1917 U 23: January 5, 1917 |
| Commissioning | U 20: October 20, 1917 U 21: August 15, 1917 U 22: November 23, 1917 U 23: September 1, 1917 |
| displacement | above water 173 t; under water 210 t |
| length | 38.76 m |
| width | 3.64 m (hull); 3.97 m (over all) |
| Draft | 2.75 m |
| drive | 1 × 6-cylinder four-stroke MAN diesel, 450 PS 1 × electric motor, 160 PS |
| speed | Max. 12 kn over water; Max. 9 kn under water |
| Radius of action | 780 nm at 12 kn over water; 1,700 nm at 8 kn over water; 40 nm at 6 kn under water |
| Armament | 2 × torpedo tubes 45 cm (bow); 4 torpedoes 1 × 7 cm-L / 26 1 × 8 mm MG |
| Diving depth | approx. 50 m |
| crew | 15 men, plus 3 staff |
| Final fate | U 20: torpedoed by the Italian submarine F 12 on July 6, 1918 while the batteries were being charged in front of the mouth of the Tagliamento , total loss. U 21 lifted in 1962 : transferred to Venice on March 25, 1919, scrapped there in 1920; the tower is exhibited in the Vienna Army History Museum . U 22: 1920 handed over to France for demolition. U 23: sunk on February 21, 1918 by the Italian torpedo boat Airone at 40 ° 26'N 19 ° 02'E with a kite, total loss
|
SM U 10, U 11, U 15, U 16, U 17
| Type | Single hull boat, type B 1 |
|---|---|
| Shipyard | U 10: Germania shipyard, Kiel U 11, U 15, U 16, U 17: Weser shipyard, Bremen |
| Building history U 10 |
February 7, 1915: Keel laid May 16, 1915: arrived in Pola by train . June 4, 1915: put into service by the Imperial German Navy. July 12, 1915: put into service by the Imperial and Royal Navy |
| Building history U 11 |
February 11, 1915: keel laid May 22, 1915: arrived in Pola by train . June 4, 1915: put into service by the Imperial German Navy. June 18, 1915: put into service by the Imperial and Royal Navy |
| Building history U 15 |
April 1, 1915: order August 21, 1915: arrival by train in Pola September 12, 1915: takeover in the kuk Kriegsmarine October 6, 1915: put into service |
| Building history U 16 |
April 1, 1915: Order August 28, 1915: Arrival by train in Pola September 29, 1915: Transfer to the Austro-Hungarian Navy October 6, 1915: Commissioned |
| Building history U 17 |
April 1, 1915: Order September 3, 1915: Arrival by train in Pola September 30, 1915: Transfer to the Austro-Hungarian Navy October 6, 1915: Commissioned |
| displacement | above water 127.5 t; under water 142.5 t |
| length | 27.88 m |
| width | 3.15 m |
| Draft | 2.73 m (without keel) |
| drive | 1 × four-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine, 60 hp 1 × electric motor, 120 hp |
| speed | 6 kn over water; 9 kn under water |
| Radius of action | 1,200 nm at 4.9 kn over water; 65 nm at 2.5 kn under water |
| Armament | 2 × torpedo tubes 45 cm (bow), 3 torpedoes 1 × SFK 37 mm or 47 mm |
| Diving depth | ? |
| crew | 13 men, plus 2 staff |
| Final fate | U 10: stranded at the mouth of the Tagliamento on July 9, 1918, recovered on July 26, 1918, but not repaired until the end of the war, handed over to Italy in 1920 and scrapped. U 11, U 15, U 17: awarded to Italy after the war , Scrapped in Pola in 1920 U 16: was rammed by the Italian steamer Bormida on October 17, 1916 and then sank, two men drowned |
gallery
SM U 17 on a test drive
U-boat transport by train,
here UB 13 before departure
Submarine transport by boat,
here UB 6 in Belgium
SM U 27, U 28, U 29, U 30, U 31, U 32, U 40, U 41, U 43, U 47
| Type | Double hull boat, type B II |
|---|---|
| Building history U 27 |
1916: Hull built due to a lack of shipyard facilities in Cantiere Navale at the shipyard of the First Imperial and Royal Danube Steamship Company (DDSG) in Budapest , transported by train to Pola October 19, 1916: launched in the Pola arsenal February 24, 1917: put into service |
| Building history U 28 |
1916: like U 27 built in Budapest and transferred by train to Pola January 8, 1917: Launched in Pola May 26, 1917: put into service |
| Building history U 29 |
March 3, 1916: Keel laid at the Danubius shipyard in Fiume / Rijeka October 21, 1916: Launched January 21, 1917: put into service |
| Building history U 30 |
March 9, 1916: Keel laid at the Danubius shipyard in Fiume / Rijeka December 27, 1916: Launched February 17, 1917: put into service |
| Building history U 31 |
4th July 1916: Keel laid at the Danubius shipyard in Fiume / Rijeka 20th March 1917: Launched 20th April 1917: put into service |
| Building history U 32 |
July 18, 1916: Keel laid at the Danubius shipyard in Fiume / Rijeka March 11, 1917: Launched June 29, 1917: put into service |
| Building history U 40 |
1916: Hull built due to a lack of shipyard facilities in Cantiere Navale at the shipyard of the First Imperial and Royal Danube Steamship Company (DDSG) in Budapest, transported by train to Pola April 21, 1917: launched in the Pola arsenal August 4, 1917: put into service |
| Building history U 41 |
November 20, 1916: keel laid, hull like U 40 built in Budapest at the DDSG shipyard. November 11, 1917: launched February 19, 1918: put into service |
| Building history U 43 |
1916: by train from Germany to Pola April 24, 1916: Commissioning as UB 43 by the imperial German navy July 30, 1917: Transfer to the service of the Austro-Hungarian Navy as U 43 |
| Building history U 47 |
1916: by train from Germany to Pola July 4, 1916: Commissioning as UB 47 by the imperial German navy July 30, 1917: Transfer to the service of the Austro-Hungarian Navy as U 47 |
| displacement | 272 t over water; 306.08 t under water |
| length | 36.9 m |
| width | 4.36 m |
| Draft | 3.72 m |
| drive | 2 × diesel engines, each 150 HP 2 × electric motors, each 140 HP |
| speed | 9 kn over water; 7.5 kn under water |
| Radius of action | 6,250 nm at 7.5 kn over water; 20 nm at 5.1 kn under water |
| Armament | 2 × torpedo tubes 45 cm (bow), 4 torpedoes 1 × 7.5 cm gun |
| Diving depth | ? |
| crew | 14 men, plus 5 staff |
| Final fate | U 27: handed over to Italy for demolition after the war, scrapped in Fiume / Rijeka in 1920 U 28: transferred to Venice on March 25, 1919, scrapped there in 1920 U 29: 1920 handed over to Italy for demolition U 30: probably on April 2 Accumulated and sunk in 1917 in the Strait of Otranto, total loss U 31, U 41, U 43, U 47: 1920 handed over to France for demolition U 32: 1920 handed over to Italy for demolition and scrapped in Venice U 40: on 25. March 1919 transferred to Venice, scrapped there after delivery to Italy |
Successes in the war years 1914–1918
Source:
After years of war
| year | GRT | success |
|---|---|---|
| 1914 | 13 | upset |
| 1915 | 22,568 | sunk or applied |
| 1916 | 25,716 | sunk or applied |
| 1917 | 112,922 | sunk or applied |
| 1918 | 59.202 | sunk or applied |
Successes against warships
Sunk
| date | nation | Type | Surname | ts | Submarine | commander |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 27, 1915 | France | Armored cruiser | Léon Gambetta | 12,550 | U 5 | Georg Ritter von Trapp |
| June 10, 1915 | Italy | Submarine | Medusa | 250 | U 11 | Heino von Heimburg |
| June 26, 1915 | Italy | Torpedo boat | 5-PN | 140 | U 10 | Weigher |
| July 18, 1915 | Italy | Armored cruiser | Giuseppe Garibaldi | 7,350 | U 4 | Rudolf Singule |
| August 5, 1915 | Italy | Submarine | Nereid | 225 | U 5 | Georg Ritter von Trapp |
| March 18, 1916 | France | destroyer | Renaudin | 770 | U 6 | Hugo von Falkhausen |
| June 23, 1916 | France | destroyer | Fourche | 745 | U 15 | Friedrich Fähndrich |
| July 10, 1916 | Italy | destroyer | Impetuoso | 680 | U 17 | Zdenko Hudeček |
| October 17, 1916 | Italy | Torpedo boat | Nembo | 330 | U 16 | Orestes Knight of Zopa |
| May 14, 1918 | Great Britain | destroyer | Phoenix | 765 | U 27 | Josef Holub |
| September 20, 1918 | France | Submarine | Circé | 392 | U 47 | Hugo Freiherr von Seyffertitz |
Damaged
| date | nation | Type | Surname | ts | Submarine | commander |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 12, 1914 | France | Battleship | Jean Bart | 23,550 | U 12 | Egon Lerch |
| June 9, 1915 | Great Britain | cruiser | Dublin | 5,500 | U 4 | Rudolf Singule |
| June 11, 1917 | Japan | destroyer | Sakaki | 665 | U 27 | Robert Teufl of Fernland |
| October 2, 1918 | Great Britain | cruiser | Weymouth | 5,300 | U 31 | Hermann Rigele |
See also
- Austrian Navy
- List of Austro-Hungarian submarines (1909–1919)
- Diesel engines for submarines of the Imperial Navy
literature
- Georg Pawlik, Lothar Baumgartner: SM Unterseeboote - Das kuk Unterseebootwesen 1914–1918 . Herbert Weishaupt Verlag, Graz 1986, ISBN 3-900310-29-7 .
- Erwin Sieche: Submarines of the KuK Navy. (Marine Arsenal Volume 42). Podzun-Pallas, Wölfersheim 1998, ISBN 3-7909-0650-6 ; ISBN 978-3-7909-0650-9
Web links
- The Austro-Hungarian Navy. Website of the Friends of Historic Ships with extensive information and numerous photographs
- His Majesty Submarine 27 Figures, data and facts about SM U 27 with a detailed description of the crews and all trips
Individual evidence
- ^ Manfried Rauchsteiner , Manfred Litscher (Ed.): The Army History Museum in Vienna . Graz, Vienna 2000, p. 92.
- ↑ Army History Museum (ed.): Viribus Unitis. Annual report 2011 of the Army History Museum . Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-902551-28-3 , p. 104
- ^ Army History Museum / Military History Institute (ed.): The Army History Museum in the Vienna Arsenal . Verlag Militaria, Vienna 2016, ISBN 978-3-902551-69-6 , p. 167
- ^ The imperial and royal submarines SMU 5–11 . Information on the SM Submarines 5-11
- ^ Pawlik / Baumgartner, p. 115
- ↑ a b Success was achieved by the German commander with a German crew during the training of the Austrian officers and before the official handover to the Austro-Hungarian Navy.
Ministerial leadership of the
Supreme Commanders of the Armed Forces of Austria-Hungary |
kuk War Ministry |
kk Ministry of National Defense |
ku Honvéd Ministry .
Armed
Forces Armed Forces of Austria-Hungary |
Land forces of Austria-Hungary 1867–1914 |
Austria-Hungary's army in the First World War .
Forces :
Joint Army |
kk Landwehr |
ku Landwehr .
Staff services:
kuk generals |
kuk staff |
kuk military justice system |
kuk adjutants |
kuk army stand .
Infantry:
kuk infantry |
Military police |
Bosnian-Herzegovinian Infantry |
kk Landesschützen |
kuk Kaiserjäger |
kk mountain troops (incl. high mountain companies
k.k. mountain guide companies ) |
kk Standschützen .
Cavalry:
Austro-Hungarian hussars |
kuk Uhlans |
kuk dragoons |
Riding Tyrolean riflemen .
Artillery:
Austro-Hungarian artillery .
Guard:
Kk satellite body guard |
kuk Leibgard Infantry Company |
Kuk bodyguard squadron |
Arcièren Life Guard |
Royal Hungarian Life Guard .
Technical troops:
Austro-Hungarian sappers |
kuk pioneers |
kuk Technical Military Committee |
Training of the Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces |
kuk military automobile industry |
kuk telegraph troop |
kuk Transport Troop Brigade .
Gendarmerie:
kuk Police Guard Corps |
kk gendarmerie |
ku Gendarmerie |
Criminal university
Authorities: Economic Administration of the Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces | Kuk Military Geography Institute | kuk war press headquarters | kuk Army Museum .
Education: Theresian Military Academy | War School | Franz Joseph Military Academy | Ludovika Academy | Military Technical Academy | Naval Academy | Army shooting school | Fencing and gymnastics teacher institute | Artillery Shooting School •
Other: March battalions | Medical services of the Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces | kuk military chaplaincy | Military Disability Benefits Level | State horse breeding institutions | Records office | kuk customer service .
Associations and bases: List of kuk combat troops in July 1914 | List of Austro-Hungarian combat support troops | List of large units of the Austro-Hungarian Army | List of corps of the Austro-Hungarian Army | Garrisons of the land forces of Austria-Hungary .
Fortifications: Austrian fortifications on the border with Italy
Naval Forces: Austro-Hungarian Marine Section | Austrian Navy | Fleet of the Austro-Hungarian Navy | List of ships of the Austro-Hungarian Navy | SM submarines | List of Austro-Hungarian submarines (1909–1919)
Air Force: Aviation Forces .
Uniforms: Badges of rank of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces | Paroli | Adjustment | Equalization
Military personnel: List of field marshals Austria-Hungary | List of General Colonels and Grand Admirals of Austria-Hungary | List of Austro-Hungarian fighter pilots in the First World War | List of field marshal lieutenants .