kk satellite bodyguard

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Guardsmen around 1900
Guard chief sergeant

The kk satellite bodyguard was one of a total of five guard formations of the Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary .

Position and duties

The guard of the dual monarchy Austria-Hungary consisted of:

In contrast to the Arcieren Life Guards and the Royal Hungarian bodyguard put the guard - bodyguard not only of officers but also from non-commissioned officer ranks from platoon leader together upwards. In contrast to the two aforementioned formations, however, the satellite bodyguard corresponded to a guard in the military sense, as it performed regular guard duty in the Hofburg and other properties of the monarchy. The Arcièren bodyguard and the Hungarian bodyguard, on the other hand, consisted only of deserving senior officers, who had been granted honorary membership in the guard.

Unlike in France (Empire), Great Britain or Germany , where there were guard divisions and guard corps , the entire guard consisted of only five small units, of which only three were company strength; one of them was the satellite bodyguard, number three in the ranking of the guards. Its counterpart in Prussia was the Castle Guard Company , in Bavaria the Hartschiere .

The members of the satellite bodyguard were regular, deserving members of the army , who were rotated.

history

The satellite bodyguard is mentioned for the first time in the court register of Emperor Maximilian I from 1519. Under Emperor Rudolf II , in 1576 the bodyguard number is given as 100 men.

During the reforms by Emperor Joseph II , the existing Garde des bosquets (34 men), the Garde des palais and an Invalidengarde (45 men police service in the Hofburg) became a foot bodyguard in 1767 . This was united with the satellite bodyguard in 1790. Barracks was the camera house on Seilerstätte, later a building on Mariahilfer Strasse.

composition

Rank designation Rank
Guard captain senior general
Guard Captain Lieutenant Major General or Colonel
Lieutenant of the Guard Staff officer
Guard sub-lieutenant Staff officer
Guard chief sergeant Captain
Guard constable Lieutenant / first lieutenant
Deputy Guard Sergeant sergeant
Guard Platoon leader / sergeant

Adjustment

Court service adjustment

For the lieutenant of the guard (as a colonel) up to the guard sergeant, it consisted of the spiked bonnet with buffalo hair bush , court service tunic with epaulettes , deerskin trousers, gloves, high riding boots , sword dome , sword with portepee , golden field armband, command stick and (if necessary) bike coat. The guards wore the same outfit, but a halberd instead of the command stick .

Parade adjustment

For officers of the guard it consisted of the spiked bonnet with buffalo hair bush, guard tunic, pantaloons, ankle boots, gloves, saber with saber dome and portepee, field bandage, coat. The same guidelines applied to the members of the general rank. Men were equipped like the officers, but without a field bandage.

Mount

  • The pimple hood consisted of a tin-plated tin hood with a sun and neck umbrella, which was covered with black enamel paint. The decorations were made of gold-plated metal. On the front of the hood was a chased, imperial double-headed eagle. The lower edge had a band-shaped gilded border, on the upper side a point was attached to receive the white buffalo hair bush. There was a scale strap on the helmet, which usually remained on the screen and was only closed under the chin when an alarm was raised.
  • The court service tunic was made of ponceau-red cloth with black paving on the lap and lap bars. Cuffs made of black velvet. Across the entire front of the Rocks a schwarzsamtenes was from top to bottom plastron (a form of discounts applied), which was decorated with twelve transverse, double-layer gold braid. The black cloth collar was trimmed with a double gold border. Between the two borders was a two millimeter wide strip of cloth color. The buttons were smooth gold-plated, patterned by the officers. The guard (guardsman) had no distinction badges . In the case of the guard vice-officer, a 2.5 millimeter wide sujtas in gold was attached to the collar and between the two gold braids of the cuffs. Staff officers had attached the army distinction trims to the outer edge of the collar and the cuffs, and underneath these 2 centimeter wide gold guard trims (on the collar in two rows, on the sleeve in three rows). The distinctive stars of the corresponding army batch were made in silver. The coat of the officers in the general rank differed greatly from the rest in terms of equipment. On the front of the border there was rich oak leaf embroidery instead of the gold braid, the collar was decorated with a 3.3 centimeter wide gold braid. On the cuffs there was a 5.3 centimeter and a 2 centimeter wide gold braid. Men and officers wore golden epaulettes with bouillons on their shoulders, in whose plates the double-headed eagle was an emblem .
  • The trousers were made of pants that were made of white American deerskin. They were cut tight on the thighs and buttocks.
  • The boots were high riding boots (shape of the so-called cuirassier boots ) made of fine, black calfskin with soft tubes and caps that had to reach 12 cm above the knee.
  • The court service sidearm was the sword , which consisted of a double-edged, 4 centimeter wide steel blade. It was made with a vessel consisting of an S-shaped crossguard and an upwardly curved, stylized and openwork guard. Both parts were cast in one piece. The eight-part handle was made of black wood. The scabbard had a black leather cover with fittings made of gilt bronze. The sword was carried on a sword dome, consisting of a body strap, shoulder strap and bag. The waist strap was 4 centimeters wide and was closed with a dome clasp made of gold-plated metal. The officers had gold edging with a black stripe in the middle. The dome was always worn buckled.
  • The portepee belonged to the sword and was made of gold mesh, consisting of a tassel and ribbon, for the vice-secretary sergeant. The tassel was made up of the button and freely hanging bouillons. The button shows the double-headed eagle on one side and the very highest signature "FJI" on the other, with the ribbon having a black stripe in the middle. The team guards wore portepees made of imperial yellow silk, officers that of the infantry officers.
  • The halberd was used for court service by the guards in addition to the side arms. They were 2.30 meters long and consisted of a blade and a shaft. The blade was made up of the point, the moon and the crescent-shaped part. The halberds of the vice-secret police officers were fire-gilded on the edges, the base and the rails. Each halberd was furnished with a tassel made of gold thread; this was attached to the transition from the blade to the shaft.
  • The field cap made of black cloth was similar to the infantry chako among the men, the officers used the officer's field cap , equipped with patterned small gold-plated tabs.
  • The tunic was made of black cloth with a ponceau-red collar, lapels, and passe-pile . The buttons in two rows of eight were smoothly gold-plated. As a distinction on the tunic, the vice-security sergeant wore a 2 centimeter wide, patterned border made of imperial yellow silk with a 1 millimeter wide, black stripe in the middle. The skirt collar of the team guards had a 1.8 cm wide, patterned border made of imperial yellow silk without stripes. There were also three silk distinction stars. The tunic of the guards officers resembled those of the men, but with patterned, gilded buttons, distinctions corresponding to the infantry officers.
  • The pantaloons were made of gray-blue cloth in the same way as for officers and equipped with ponceau-red passepoils
  • The coats consisted of blue-gray cloth with ponceau-red passepoilierung and parolis .

The field cap, the tunic, the pantaloons and the coat were worn for initial adjustment.

Museum reception

The very glamorous and correspondingly complex adjustments of the guards are exhibited in the Army History Museum in Vienna. You can see outfits of the kk Trabantenleibgarde, kuk Leibgardereitereskadron , kk First Arcièren-Leibgarde and the ku Life Guard .

Continuation of the tradition in the armed forces

The original flag of the Trabantenleibgarde corresponded to the general infantry flag and showed a double-headed eagle on the obverse and a representation of Maria Immaculata on the reverse and has been used in this version by the Austrian Guard Battalion since 1935 .

  • front

  • back

swell

  • The kuk Heer Writings of the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum Wien Volume 10. Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz 1997, ISBN 3-7020-0783-0 .
  • Austrian State Archives / War Archives (Vienna).
  • Complete inventory of the Vienna House, Court and State Archives. Volume 2, p. 347 ff.
  • Austro-Hungarian War Ministry : Dislocation and division of the Austro-Hungarian Army, the Austro-Hungarian Navy, the Imperial and Royal Landwehr and the Imperial and Royal Landwehr. In: Seidel's small army scheme. Seidel & Sohn, Vienna 1914.

Web links

Commons : Trabanten-Leibgarde  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Austro-Hungarian military uniforms  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Austro-Hungarian military uniforms in details  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Johann Christoph Allmayer-Beck : The Army History Museum Vienna. The museum and its representative rooms , Salzburg 1981, p. 29.