Naval Academy Fiume

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The naval academy in Fiume was the only training facility for prospective naval officers in the Austrian Navy (from 1869 kuk Kriegsmarine ). The naval academy was founded as the kk naval academy and was the kuk naval academy from 1869 .

The foundation stone for the construction of the Imperial and Royal Navy Academy in Fiume was laid on March 26, 1856 in the presence of the Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial and Royal Navy, Archduke Ferdinand Max . It was completed on October 3, 1857. The academy consisted of a south-facing main building and two side wings. The building was not changed until the end of the Habsburg monarchy.

history

The prehistory of the academy begins in 1797 with the Peace of Campo Formio in which Austria was also awarded the entire Venetian fleet. As a result, Archduke Karl ordered the establishment of an Imperial and Royal Naval Cadet School ( Cesarea regia scuola dei cadetti di marina ) in Venice in 1802 . After eventful years caused by the Austrian loss, recovery and renewed loss of Venice , the Naval Cadet School landed in Trieste in 1848 and was renamed kuk Naval Academy in 1852 . Due to the city expansion in Trieste, the academy was finally relocated to Fiume . From 1869 the institution was called kuk Marine-Akademie .

Until 1871 there were no strict admission criteria for this military school, so that Admiral Max Freiherr von Sterneck mentioned in a letter to his wife, “We have a cabin boy training ship here; At first the world of aristocrats, officers, and officials gave us the greatest contingent of useless boys, in the opinion that if nothing helps, the boys' ship will help; It did not help. All were hunted, and nowadays no such offspring is taken in either ”.

The Nautical Academy of Fiume / Rijeka (around 1900)

From 1871 onwards, school candidates had to have successfully completed lower secondary school and then still pass an entrance examination. The curriculum of the Academy consisted of 31 items, including German , Italian , French or English , oceanography , meteorology , shipbuilding , ship engine doctrine, naval tactics , maritime law , Signal customer, ship maneuvering and rigging teaching .

During the First World War , for security reasons, the academy was first relocated to Schloss Hof in Lower Austria and then to Braunau am Inn . A hospital is now housed in the adapted building in Rijeka (formerly Fiume).

literature

  • Gerhard Janaczek: Efficient officers and righteous men: a historical pictorial journey to the military education and training institutions of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy . Vitalis, Furth im Wald 2007, ISBN 978-3-89919-080-9 .
  • Peter Salcher : History of the kuk Marine Academy . Carl Gerold's Sohn, Vienna 1902 ( digitized version ).

See also