Voras
| Voras (Kaimaktsalan) Βόρας (Καϊμακτσαλάν) Каймакчалан (Ворас) |
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 View of the northern edge of the main massif |
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| height | 2524 m | |
| location | Greece ( Macedonia ) and North Macedonia | |
| Mountains | Voras | |
| Coordinates | 40 ° 55 '53 " N , 21 ° 47' 15" E | |
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The Voras ( Greek Βόρας , Macedonian Kaimaktschalan Каймакчалан, Greek also Kaimaktsalan Καϊμακτσαλάν) is a mountain on the border between Greece and North Macedonia .
geography
The ridge of the Voras has the shape of a semicircle open to the northwest. Therefore, the southern and eastern foothills of the mountain can be found in Greece, the western and northern foothills in North Macedonia. The summit lies at the point of contact between the Greek-North Macedonian border and the border between West and Central Macedonia . In relation to Greece, the Voras is the fourth highest mountain in Greece and one of the five Greek mountains with a height of more than 2500 m . The distance from the summit of Voras to Edessa in the southeast is 25 km as the crow flies, to Florina in the west-southwest 38 km, to Bitola in the west-northwest 40 km, to Aridea in the east 24 km and to Thessaloniki in the southeast 102 km.
The western flank forms the boundary of the Florina plateau. In front of it southeast in the Florina plain is the mountain Piperitsa with a height of 1996 m . South of Voras, the two lakes the level of Eordaia, the Lake Vegoritida and the Petres lake along with the town Arnissa . To the east and northeast of the Voras begins the plain of Aridea, which corresponds to the ancient region of Elimea. The plain of Almopia is delimited from the plain of Eordaia by a 1771 m high, southeast oriented foothills of the Voras. The Voras forms the western beginning of a series of mountain ranges, which mark not only the geographical but also the political border between Greece and North Macedonia. This mountain range extends east over the mountains Pinovo ( 2156 m ) and Tzena ( 2182 m ) to the valley of the river Axios (Vardar) when it crosses the border at the villages of Gevgelija and Bogorodica on the side of North Macedonia and Evzoni and Idomeni on the side of Greece .
fauna
In the Voras area, there are wolves, bears and hawks as well as 18 other species of birds of prey, 11 of which nest in the mountains. Because of these special features, the Voras area is also protected.
Localities and economic use
On the Greek side, 15,460 inhabitants live in 19 localities on the Voras and its foothills. The Voras covers an area of 53,589 hectares with heights of 200 to 2524 m. 80% of the area belongs to the state as forest area, 11% belongs to the municipalities and 9% is privately owned. The Voras is heavily forested and was used intensively for forestry until 1989 (annual wood volume 110,000 m²). The wooded areas extended up to an altitude of 1900 m and consist mainly of coniferous forest. In addition to forestry, animal husbandry was also practiced.
On the Greek side there is a well-frequented ski area on the Voras . This can be reached from Edessa or Arnissa.
history
During the First World War , the Salonikifront crossed the Voras massif. The summit and the climbs to the summit were fiercely contested in September 1916. On the Serbian side, Archibald Reiss fought as a volunteer .
On the northern side of Macedonia, there is a memorial to soldiers who died in the First World War on the Voras.
literature
- Dimitrios Trakolis, Panagiotis Platis and Ioannis Meliadis: Biodiversity and conservation actions on Mount Voras, Greece. Environmental management. Volume 26, Number 2: 145-151. 2000. doi : 10.1007 / s002670010077
- Macedonia Map 1: 250,000. Road Editions, Athens. ISBN 960-8481-18-X
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jovo Simišić: Serbia commemorates. 100 years of the First World War 1914-1918 . Službeni Glasnik, Belgrade 2014, ISBN 978-86-6005-343-7 , p. 34.
- ↑ Jovo Simišić: Serbia commemorates. 100 years of the First World War 1914-1918 . Službeni Glasnik, Belgrade 2014, p. 46.