Edessa (Greece)
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Municipality of Edessa Δήμος Έδεσσας (Έδεσσα) |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
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| Region : | Central Macedonia | ||
| Regional District : | Pella | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 40 ° 48 ' N , 22 ° 3' E | ||
| Area : | 605.5 km² | ||
| Residents : | 28,814 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 47.6 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Post Code: | 58200 | ||
| Prefix: | (+30) 23810 | ||
| Community logo: |
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| Seat: | Edessa | ||
| LAU-1 code no .: | 1001 | ||
| Districts : | 2 parishes | ||
| Local self-government : |
1 city district 14 local communities |
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| Website: | www.edessa.gr | ||
| Location in the Central Macedonia region | |||
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Edessa ( Greek Έδεσσα ( f. Sg. ), South Slavic Voden Воден, Ottoman until 1913 Vodine or Vodina ) is a town and municipality ( Dimos Δήμος) in the Pella regional district of Central Macedonia . It is called the city of water . Sights include the waterfalls on the outskirts.
history
The city of Edessa was for a time the focus of ancient Macedonian culture. Already in prehistoric times the country was inhabited by humans and experienced a heyday during the rule of the Macedonians. In Edessa, one encounters the traces of a culture whose presence ranges from antiquity to Byzantium to the Christian era.
Edessa was until the 6th century BC. Chr. The first capital of the Kingdom of Macedonia . The remains of the ancient city can be found northeast of today's city. The capital of the Kingdom of Macedonia was later moved to Vergina . With the Macedonian defeat against the Roman Empire in 168 BC. Edessa lost its independence like the rest of Macedonia at the Battle of Pydna . 148 BC The city became part of the Roman province of Macedonia.
Roman control existed until the division of the empire in AD 395 ; Edessa fell within the framework of the Byzantine Empire . This exercised - not without interruption - control of the city until the end of the 14th century. In the 9th century, Byzantine rule was interrupted by the First Bulgarian Empire . In 1204, after the fall of Constantinople in the Fourth Crusade , Edessa became part of the Kingdom of Thessaloniki . At the latest in 1225 this rule ended with the fall of Thessaloniki after the attack of the Byzantine successor state Despotate of Epirus . The despotate could exercise control over Edessa until 1259 at the latest; the defeat of the despotate against the Nicaea Empire brought Edessa back under Byzantine control. In the middle of the 14th century, the Kingdom of Serbia extended its territory to large parts of mainland Greece, including Edessa. The Serbian kingdom could not hold this property after the death of King Stefan IV Uros Dusan and Edessa reverted to the Byzantine Empire.
The Ottomans conquered Edessa at the end of the 14th century and then held it until 1912. During the Ottoman period, the name Vodena was more common, although the name Edessa was still used (less often). In the first Balkan War , Greek troops marched into Edessa on November 1, 1912 and occupied the city. In the Peace of Bucharest after the Second Balkan War in 1913, Edessa was finally assigned to the Kingdom of Greece and in 1918 received the status of a township (dimos). The municipality experienced significant territorial expansions in 1997, when nine villages were incorporated, and in 2010, when the neighboring municipality of Vegoritida came to Edessa.
On November 2, 1962, the Edessa river flooded the current municipality in the area of the village of Rizario east and below the city and destroyed the apple trees in this region.
Surname
The name of the city is derived from a Phrygian word and means "a castle in the water" or "the city on the water".
The waterfalls
_in_1918.jpg)
The shape of the Edessa waterfalls changed over time. Until the end of the 14th century , the water collected in a small lake in the west of the city. After an earthquake or a strong storm, the water poured through the city to an abyss where today's waterfalls were formed. Many visitors of the 17th and 18th centuries described the city as a high rock with many waterfalls falling down. In 1963, construction work by the Greek electricity company DEI (ΔΕΗ) on the Agras hydropower plant on the Edessa River west of the city meant that the waterfalls threatened to dry up. The citizens of Edessa protested violently and on August 19, 1963, through considerable protests, forced the construction work to be stopped.
Today the Edessa waterfalls are a unique attraction in Greece and Europe . From the largest waterfall called “Karanos” (see picture on the right), the masses of water plunge 70 meters into the depth.
Population development of the core city
Edessa is now the second largest city in the Pella regional district after Giannitsa .
| year | Residents | change |
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| 1913 | 8,846 | --- |
| 1920 | 9,441 | + 595 |
| 1928 | 13,115 | +3,674 |
| 1940 | 12,000 | −1,115 |
| 1951 | 14,940 | + 2,940 |
| 1961 | 15,534 | + 594 |
| 1971 | 13,967 | - 1,567 |
| 1981 | 16,642 | + 2,675 |
| 1991 | 17,128 | + 486 |
| 2001 | 18,253 | + 1,125 |
| 2011 | 18,229 | - 34 |
Web links
- Edessa - The city of water (English)
- Nomos Pellas-Edessa (English)
- History Edessa (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Results of the 2011 census at the National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)
- ↑ Friedrich Immanuel. The Balkan War 1912/13. Second and third booklet. The war up to the beginning of the armistice in December 1912. Verlag Ernst Siegfried Mittler and Son, 1913. P. 91.
- ↑ Newspaper article in the Greek newspaper Eleftheria of November 2, 1962, page 8, left column.
- ^ Newspaper article of the Greek newspaper Eleftheria from August 19, 1963, page 8 column left.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Censuses in Greece, source: National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΣΥΕ) ( Memento of February 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Edessa - 3000 years history