Alexandria (Greece)
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Alexandria municipality Δήμος Αλεξανδρείας |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
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| Region : | Central Macedonia | ||
| Regional District : | Imathia | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 40 ° 38 ′ N , 22 ° 27 ′ E | ||
| Area : | 473.39 km² | ||
| Residents : | 41,570 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 87.8 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Post Code: | 59300 | ||
| Prefix: | (+30) 23330 | ||
| Community logo: |
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| Seat: | Alexandria | ||
| LAU-1 code no .: | 0802 | ||
| Districts : | 4 municipal districts | ||
| Local self-government : |
4 city districts 21 local communities |
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| Website: | www.alexandria.gr | ||
| Location in the Central Macedonia region | |||
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Alexandria ( Greek Αλεξάνδρεια ( f. Sg. )) Is a Greek municipality in the Imathia regional district of the Central Macedonia region of Greece . Its administrative seat is the small town of Alexandria with (2011) 14,821 inhabitants.
geography
The city of Alexandria is located in the Central Macedonian Plain on alluvial land of the Loudias and Aliakmonas rivers . The Loudias passes through the municipality to the north. The Aliakmonas is located in the south of the municipality. The distance to the coast of the Thermaic Gulf is approx. 20 km as the crow flies. Thessaloniki, the second largest city in Greece, is located in an east-northeast direction approx. 52 km away, the prefecture capital Veria in a west-southwest direction approx. 33 km away. The city of Edessa is located in the north-west of Alexandria approx. 50 km away, the city of Giannitsa approx. 20 km away in the north and the city Naoussa in the east-northeast approx. 50 km away.
After Veria and the city of Naoussa , Alexandria is the third largest city in the Imathias area and one of the larger cities in northern Greece outside the metropolitan area of Thessaloniki .
history
The area of today's Alexandria community was populated by the Bottieans (Βοττιαίοι). 1150 BC The Phrygians (Φρύγες) invaded the area and conquered it. In the millennium before the birth of Christ, the Dorians and subsequently the Macedonians reached the area and took possession of it. The area of present-day Alexandria became an integral part of the Kingdom of Macedonia. It lay between the power centers of the time, Pella and Vergina; however, there was obviously no significant or significant settlement in this area. The Greek and Macedonian dominance ended with the Macedonian defeat in the Macedonian-Roman War in 168 BC. Then the region became part of the Macedonia province of the Roman Empire .
The control of the Romans lasted until the division of the empire in 395 AD. The area of Alexandria fell to the Eastern Roman Empire, the later Byzantine Empire . The Byzantines exercised control securely until the 7th century. In the Byzantine period, the area of the municipality of Alexandria was known as Roumlouki ( Greek Ρουμλούκι ). The name is taken as an indication of a Greek-speaking settlement. The information about the region of today's Alexandria in the Byzantine period is sparse.
From the 7th century onwards, Byzantine control was repeatedly interrupted: on the one hand by the migration of the Slavs to today's Greek mainland, on the other hand by the expansion of the Bulgarian Empire . Alexandria was finally lost with the conquest of Constantinople in 1204 as part of the Fourth Crusade. During the subsequent division of the Byzantine Empire, Alexandria fell to the Kingdom of Thessaloniki, which proved to be short-lived. After the collapse of the Kingdom of Thessaloniki, various factions of the Byzantines and the Serbs controlled the region of today's Alexandria.
The Ottomans conquered from 1370 successively today's Greek mainland, including the area now Alexandria. Under the Ottoman rule, the villages of the Roumlouki, today's Alexandria, belonged to different Kazas and different dioceses. In the middle of the 18th century, the large village of Gida (Γιδά), the precursor settlement of today's city of Alexandria, grew significantly. Gida grew despite his participation in the Greek uprising in 1821.
Until the First Balkan War in 1912, the area of today's municipality of Alexandria (former name Gida, Greek Γιδά ) was part of the Ottoman province of Macedonia. In the last decade of the 19th century Gida was connected to the railway network of the Ottoman Empire: the Bitola-Edessa-Thessaloniki railway passed Gida, which received a train station. The advance of Greek troops on Thessaloniki in October 1912 also brought the area of the settlement of Gida under Greek control on October 18, 1912. With the Treaty of Bucharest in 1913, Gida finally fell to the Kingdom of Greece.
In 1918 the Gida settlement was elevated to a rural community (Kinotita). In addition to the village of Gida, it also included the villages of Lianoveri, Paleochori and Platy Imathias, with the latter being the only population that was recruited from the staff at the local train station. At the 1920 census, Gida had 844 inhabitants, Lianoveri 373, Paleochori 260, Platy Imathias 61, Gida station 22 and Schinia 279 inhabitants. Due to the influx of refugees from Asia Minor after the Greek defeat in the Greco-Turkish War from 1922, the settlement of Platy Imathias was founded in its current form and subsequently split off from the community of Gida. In April 1941, Gida was captured by the Wehrmacht as part of the Marita company. Three months after the German conquest, the municipality of Gida was detached from the province of Thessaloniki on July 10, 1941 and assigned to the province of Imathia. The German occupation lasted until October 1944.
Administrative division
On February 9, 1948, the municipality of Gida was recognized as a municipality (Dimos) (comparable to the award of city rights in Germany). On January 6, 1953, the city of Alexandria received its current name after the Macedonian King Alexander the Great . In 1997, the existing municipality of Alexandria (Dimos Alexandrias) was expanded in the Greek local government reform: the neighboring villages of Vrysaki, Kambochori, Neochori and Nisi (or Niselio) were assigned to the municipality of Alexandria. With the administrative reform in 2010 , Alexandria was again expanded to include the neighboring communities Andigonides , Meliki and Platy . The previous municipalities have since been run as municipal districts (Ez. Gr. Dimotiki enotita ), the former municipal districts as localities (Ez. Gr. Dimotiki kinotita 'urban community' or topiki kinotita 'local community').
| Parishes | Greek name | code | Area (km²) | 2001 residents | Residents 2011 | City districts / local communities (Δημοτική / Τοπική Κοινότητα) |
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| Alexandria | Δημοτική Ενότητα Αλεξανδρείας | 080201 | 140.614 | 19,283 | 20,417 | Alexandria, Vrysaki, Kambochori, Loutros, Neochori, Nisi |
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| Andigonides | Δημοτική Ενότητα Αντιγονιδών | 080202 | 57.874 | 5,493 | 4,435 | Episkopi, Kavasila, Kefalochori, Xechasmeni, Paleo Skyllitsi, Stavros |
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| Meliki | Δημοτική Ενότητα Μελίκης | 080203 | 98.962 | 7,438 | 7.104 | Meliki, Angathia, Kypseli, Neokastro, Prodromos |
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| Platy | Δημοτική Ενότητα Πλατέος | 080204 | 181.375 | 11,128 | 9,614 | Koryfi, Platy, Arachos, Klidi, Lianovergi, Platanos, Prasinada, Trikala |
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| total | 0802 | 239.525 | 21,057 | 41,570 | |||
traffic
The municipality of Alexandria has direct access to two transport systems: road and rail. National road 4 runs through the municipality from east-north-east to west-south-west , which comes from Nea Chalkidona (connection to national road 2 in the direction of Thessaloniki) to the prefecture capital Veria and then via the Kastanies pass and the village of Polymylos to the neighboring prefecture of Kozani and its capital. Since the beginning of the 21st century, this previously most important road link has been replaced by Autobahn 2 (Europastraße 90), which passes through the municipality to the south in the same direction as National Road 4. Highway 2 connects Alexandria with Thessaloniki and Katerini to the east and Veria and Kozani to the west. There is a motorway connection to motorway 2 (junction Alexandria / Niselio). To the north there are subordinate road connections to the city of Giannitsa and Edessa as well as to other localities. There are also subordinate road connections to the south, for example to Vergina and Eginio . Local and long-distance public transport with KTEL buses to Veria and Thessaloniki is also implemented via the road connections.
The second main mode of transport in Alexandria is the railroad. The Florina – Amyndeo – Edessa – Veria – Alexandria – Platy Imathias – Thessaloniki railway runs through the municipality and the city of Alexandria. In the city of Alexandria there is a train station of the same name. The journey time from Alexandria to Thessaloniki by train is 30 minutes.
An inland waterway connection to Alexandria is not possible. Neither the Loudias River, which passes through the municipality, nor the larger Aliakmonas River are navigable.
Military airfield
The military airfield ( ICAO : LGAX ) located in the municipality was opened on April 1, 1982. The asphalt runway with an orientation of 13/31 is 1,800 m long and 30 m wide. The military airfield is 8 m (27 ft) above sea level .
Personalities
- Vasileios Tsiartas (born 1972) - Greek football player
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Results of the 2011 census at the National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)