Border between Greece and North Macedonia

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Greece political map
North Macedonia Political Map
Border area

The border between Greece and North Macedonia is a 234 km or 246 km long land border in south-eastern Europe , which has been partially secured with a border fence since November 29, 2015 . Some inland lakes and rivers are located on the predominantly hilly or mountainous border area. From 1981 to 1991 it was an external border between the EEC (Republic of Greece ) and the Socialist Republic of Macedonia of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia . Since 1991 it has been an EEC / EC or EU external border with the Republic of North Macedonia . The border plays a major role in the refugee crisis in Europe from 2015 .

history

The border was the border between Greece and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until September 8, 1991 .

course

The border runs roughly in a west-northeast direction. North Macedonia is to the north and Greece to the south. From west to east there are the following landmarks: the Prespa Lake , the Kajmakčalan Mountains , the Vardar River , the Dojran Lake and the Belasiza Mountains .

Tri-border area

There is a tri-border area at Lake Prespa (Albania, Greece and North Macedonia). Furthermore, there is a triangle in the Belasiza Mountains (Bulgaria, Greece and North Macedonia).

Neighbors

Administrative entities by country and by hierarchy:

Greece

Central Macedonia

North Macedonia

Pelagonia region

Pelagonia region

Municipalities in the Pelagonia region

Vardar region

Vardar region

Municipalities in the Vardar region

Southeast region

Southeast region

Municipalities in the southeast region

Border crossings

Important border crossings are

Important border towns

Refugee crisis from 2015

Greek-North Macedonian border: Gevgelija border crossing, North Macedonia (August 2015)

The border plays an important part in the refugee crisis in Europe from 2015 , as it is on the Western Balkans route .

On November 29, 2015, the Macedonian military began erecting a 3 meter high border fence on parts of the border with Greece due to the high onslaught of refugees. Since the end of November 2015, there have been repeated violent clashes between refugees and the Macedonian security forces .

Escalation from the beginning of 2016

On January 27, 2016, North Macedonia began closing the border at the Idomeni - Gevgelija railway crossing for migrants on a daily basis. This is where the border crossing to North Macedonia, which is most heavily used by refugees, is located on the Western Balkans route towards North Macedonia. On February 22, 2016, refugees at the Idomeni-Gevgelija railway crossing on the Greek side for the first time experienced massive, massive violence against Macedonian border guards, so that the border was completely closed for a few hours.

On February 29, 2016, 4:00 a.m., the border was completely closed again. On the same day, the border guards at the Idomeni-Gevgelija railroad crossing used massive amounts of tear gas and stun grenades against rioting refugees after hundreds of them had torn down parts of the border fence in order to reach Macedonian territory; However, there were no illegal border crossings due to the high police and military presence. There were at least 15 injured.

The European Union has drawn up a contingency plan for large refugee Sans towers on Central Europe after the incident.

At the beginning of March 2016, the number of refugees waiting at the border was given as 5000 over 7000 to 10,000. 10,000 refugees camp at Idomeni alone. Germany's Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier was dismayed by the situation at the border. On March 9, 2016, the AP news agency reported that the number of refugees camping at Idomeni had risen by around 14,000 people. As of May 24, 2016, around 1,400 police officers began to evacuate the entire camp with an estimated 9,000 people. The refugees should be brought to the Thessaloniki area within ten days.

At the end of February 2016, Greece applied to the EU for financial aid totaling 70 million euros to offset the costs of current and future refugees.

The UN refugee agency accused North Macedonia of violating international law because around 1,000 refugees are not allowed into the country because of their nationality.

See also

Web links

Commons : Border between Greece and North Macedonia  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency. In: cia.gov. December 19, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  2. ↑ www.laenderdaten.de
  3. ^ Frontier fence in Macedonia: throwing stones and stun grenades. In: Spiegel Online . November 28, 2015, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  4. ↑ Associated Press: Migrants attack Macedonian police as construction of Greek border fence begins. In: theguardian.com. December 9, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  5. ↑ Kerstin Smirr: Refugee crisis: Macedonia closes border crossing with Greece. In: wort.lu. January 28, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  6. ↑ On the Balkan route: Refugees are stuck on the border with Macedonia. In: wort.lu. February 22, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  7. ↑ Refugees storm the border with Macedonia ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  8. ↑ Border with Greece: Macedonia's police use tear gas against refugees. In: Spiegel Online . February 29, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  9. ↑ Stuttgarter Nachrichten, Stuttgart, Germany: Greek-Macedonian border: terminus for thousands of refugees. In: stuttgarter-nachrichten.de. March 1, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  10. ↑ Video: "+ this.localize (" General ") +". In: players.brightcove.net. Accessed December 31, 2016 .
  11. ↑ Tear gas against refugees - escalation on the Macedonian border. In: daserste.de. Accessed December 31, 2016 .
  12. ↑ Live ticker on the refugee crisis: Macedonia is sending special units to the border. In: welt.de . March 1, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  13. ↑ Macedonia: On foot on the motorway to Western Europe. In: tagesschau.de. February 22, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  14. ↑ Chaos and Despair in Idomeni. In: dw.com. March 1, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  15. ↑ a b stm: Refugee crisis in Greece: Brussels wants 700 million for refugee aid in Europe. In: Focus Online . March 2, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  16. ↑ Migration: Steinmeier is dismayed by the conditions on the Macedonian border. In: Focus Online . March 1, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  17. ↑ Steinmeier is dismayed by conditions at the Macedonian border ( memento from March 7, 2016 in the web archive archive.today )
  18. ↑ Raniah Salloum: Refugees on the Greek-Macedonian border: "Nowhere is there any security". In: Spiegel Online . March 2, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  19. ↑ New Year's Eve - The world welcomes the year 2017. (No longer available online.) In: deutschlandfunk.de. February 26, 2016, archived from the original on March 5, 2016 ; accessed on December 31, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.deutschlandfunk.de
  20. ↑ tagesschau.de: Greece: Refugees desperate and angry. In: tagesschau.de. March 10, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  21. ^ Greece: Police clear the refugee camp in Idomeni. In: Spiegel Online . May 24, 2016, accessed December 31, 2016 .
  22. ^ Greek-Macedonian border: UNHCR accuses Macedonia of violating international law. In: tagesspiegel.de . November 24, 2015, accessed December 31, 2016 .