Potassium dicyanoargentate (I)

Structural formula
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General
Surname	Potassium dicyanoargentate (I)
other names	Potassium silver cyanide Bis (cyano) potassium aggregate
Molecular formula	K [Ag (CN) 2 ]
Brief description	white solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 506-61-6 EC number 208-047-0 ECHA InfoCard 100.007.316 PubChem 10474 Wikidata Q3723290
properties
Molar mass	199.00 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	2.364 g cm −3
solubility	Easily soluble in water (142.8 g l −1 at 20 ° C) insoluble in acids soluble in ethanol
Refractive index	1.625 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 300 + 310 + 330-410 EUH: 032 P: 260-262-280-302 + 352-304 + 340-310
Toxicological data	20.9 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Potassium dicyanoargentate (I) is an inorganic chemical compound of potassium from the group of cyano complexes .

Extraction and presentation

Potassium dicyanoargentate (I) can be obtained by reacting silver chloride , silver bromide or silver iodide with a solution of potassium cyanide .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {AgCl+2\ KCN\longrightarrow K[Ag(CN)_{2}]+KCl} }$

It can also be obtained by reacting potassium cyanide with silver nitrate .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {AgNO_{3}+2\ KCN\longrightarrow K[Ag(CN)_{2}]+KNO_{3}} }$

properties

Potassium dicyanoargentate (I) is a white, light-sensitive solid that is easily soluble in water. The solution in water becomes cloudy with the slightest presence of silver nitrate. Not, as in the individual compounds are potassium cyanide and resulting from the dissociation solution of silver cyanide , potassium or silver and cyanide - ions , but potassium and complex Silbercyanidionen.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {K[Ag(CN)_{2}]\rightleftharpoons K^{+}+Ag(CN){_{2}}{^{-}}} }$

Potassium dicyanoargentate (I) decomposes when heated or when it comes into contact with acids (e.g. nitric acid ), which can produce cyanides , hydrogen cyanide , nitrous gases and potassium oxides .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {K[Ag(CN)_{2}]+HNO_{3}\longrightarrow AgCN+KNO_{3}+HCN} }$

The compound has a trigonal crystal structure with the space group P 3 1 c (space group no. 163) .

use

Potassium dicyanoargentate (I) is used in silver plating , as a bactericide , in the manufacture of antiseptics and in the extraction of silver from ores. It is a versatile bridging ligand material and is used for the production of multi-dimensional polymer compounds .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Entry on potassium dicyanoargentate (I) in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 10, 2017(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ ^{a b} Data sheet Potassium silver cyanide, 99.9% (metals basis), Ag 54.2% from AlfaAesar, accessed on July 19, 2016 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Entry on potassium dicyanoargentate (I) in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank , accessed on July 19, 2016.
4. ^ ^{A b} Hermann Hager: Commentary on Pharmacopoeia Germanica: First volume . Springer-Verlag, 1883, ISBN 978-3-642-51834-8 ( books.google.com ).
5. ↑ Rompp Lexikon Chemie, 10th edition, 1996-1999: Band 3: H - L . Georg Thieme Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-13-200011-7 ( books.google.com ).
6. ↑ Julius Gróh: Short textbook of general chemistry . Springer-Verlag, 1923, ISBN 978-3-662-28518-3 , p. 121 ( books.google.de ).
7. ↑ Franz Muhlert: The industry of ammonia and cyanogen compounds . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-662-26200-9 ( books.google.com ).
8. ↑ P. Villars, K. Cenzual, J. Daams, R. Gladyshevskii, O. Shcherban, V. Dubenskyy, N. Melnichenko-Koblyuk, O. Pavlyuk, I. Savysyuk, S. Stoyko, L. Sysa: KAg [CN ] 2 . S. 496-496 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-44752-8_409 .
9. ↑ JL Hoard: The Crystal Structure of Potassium Silver Cyanide . In: Journal of Crystallography - Crystalline Materials . tape 84 , no. 1-6 , doi : 10.1524 / zkri.1933.84.1.231 .