Karl Buchholz (art dealer)
Karl Buchholz (born August 26, 1901 in Göttingen , † January 6, 1992 in Bogotá ) was a German-Colombian book and art dealer .
Life
Buchholz was born out of wedlock and grew up with his aunt in Frankfurt (Oder) , where he also completed his apprenticeship as a bookseller in a book and art shop. He took his first job in Berlin , where he started his own bookstore on Taubenstrasse in 1925 . In 1926 he expanded his business on Mauerstraße and two branches were soon added in Berlin. In 1934, the international bookstore on Leipziger Strasse had almost reached his goal in life. The bookstore on Leipziger Strasse included a gallery of contemporary art on the floor above the shop, which was looked after as an employee by Curt Valentin , a close employee of Alfred Flechtheim , who emigrated in 1933 , and works by Gerhard Marcks and Georg Kolbe in the area of sculpture and Renée Sintenis showed.
In 1936, Valentin was no longer tenable for Buchholz as a Jewish employee in Berlin, and after Valentin's emigration in 1937 the Buchholz Gallery - Curt Valentin in 46th Street in New York was founded , which helped make German modernism known on the American art market close. It existed from 1951 to 1955 as the Valentin Gallery .
As part of the Nazi campaign “ Degenerate Art ”, Karl Buchholz was commissioned from 1938, together with Ferdinand Möller , Hildebrand Gurlitt and Bernhard A. Böhmer, to “recycle” the confiscated works of art. For Ferdinand Möller there is evidence that, contrary to the requirements of the National Socialists, he did not bring a number of "degenerate" works of art out of the Reich and either sold them to domestic third parties or acquired them himself. The art-legal literature has for a long time assumed that the other participating art dealers acted accordingly. With the Schwabing art find, this assumption may have been confirmed in 2012/2013.
At that time, Karl Buchholz sold works of art, particularly in Norway, Switzerland and the United States, and served the museums on the east coast through his New York gallery . In 1942 he was expelled from the Reich Chamber of Fine Arts because of an exhibition by German Expressionists in New York . Contact with Valentin was broken off in 1942 when the United States entered World War II . Buchholz tried to expand in Fascist Europe with his Berlin concept of the bookstore with an attached gallery until 1945 and founded a branch in Lisbon in 1943 . After the end of the war he emigrated with his family to Colombia and from 1951 ran a bookstore and gallery in Bogotá , the Librería Buchholz , which his daughter Godula Buchholz , who was born in 1935, took over later . Buchholz became the publisher of the literary magazine Eco, founded in 1960 . Revista de la cultura de Occidente , which lasted until 1984.
Fonts
- Pieces of flowers, fruit and thorns. Leipzig 1933.
Catalogs of the gallery in Germany
- Watercolors by younger artists: Galerie Karl Buchholz: 27th exhibition from November 13th to 30th, 1937.
- More recent work by Theo Champion … [et al.]: Galerie Karl Buchholz: 28th exhibition, Dec. 27, 1937 to Jan. 29, 1938.
- Hanna Nagel , Hans Fischer : Drawings: Galerie Karl Buchholz: 30th exhibition, March 30th to April 30th, 1938.
- Exhibition: Ludwig Kasper - Sculpture: Galerie Karl Buchholz, May 4 to June 3, 1939.
- Sculpture, new sculptures and drawings: Galerie Karl Buchholz: 33rd exhibition from October 4 to November 12, 1938
- Poet as painter: oil paintings, watercolors and drawings, Karl Buchholz Gallery: 35th exhibition, January 18 to February 8, 1939.
- Robert Pudlich : pictures, watercolors and drawings; Gerhard Marcks , Zoltan Székessy : Sculptures and drawings: 36th exhibition.
- Emil van Hauth , oil paintings, Philipp Harth , sculpture: Galerie Karl Buchholz: 37th exhibition from April 1 to April 25, 1939.
- Landscape watercolors for younger painters: Galerie Karl Buchholz: 39th exhibition from July 3 to August 11, 1939.
- Spirit of antiquity in modern art: Galerie Karl Buchholz, Berlin August 24 to September 30, 1939.
- Karl Eulenstein , oil paintings, Fritz Cremer , sculpture: Galerie Karl Buchholz: 42nd exhibition from Nov. 18 to Dec. 9, 1939.
- Exhibition: Sculptors of the present: Karl Buchholz Galerie Berlin, October 10 to November 9, 1940.
literature
- Andreas Hüneke : Meeting a legend. Visit to Karl Buchholz. In: Bildende Kunst 1, 1991, issue 3, pp. 54–55.
- Revista de revistas, Empresa Editora "Revista de Revistas, SA", México, 1992, p. 135.
- Josephine Gabler: "But above all, he's not afraid of harming himself from the exhibition." The Karl Buchholz book and art dealer in Berlin. In: Ateliergemeinschaft Klosterstrasse. Berlin 1994, pp. 84-95.
- Godula Buchholz: Karl Buchholz, book and art dealer in the 20th century. His life and his bookshops and galleries in Berlin, New York, Bucharest, Lisbon, Madrid, Bogotá. DuMont, Cologne 2005, ISBN 978-3-8321-7943-4 .
- Monica Richarz: Galerie Buchholz - an oasis of modern art. In: Good business - art trade in Berlin 1933–1945. Active Museum of Fascism and Resistance in Berlin, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-00-034061-1 , pp. 29–34.
- Anja Tiedemann: The "degenerate" modernity and its American market. Karl Buchholz and Curt Valentin as dealers of ostracized art , Oldenbourg Akademieverlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-05-00612-76 .
Web links
- Buchholz Gallery , entry in Archives Directory for the History of Collecting in America
- Maria Cristina Pignalosa: KARL BUCHHOLZ Y SU PASIÓN POR LAS LETRAS , El Tiempo , September 2, 2000
- "Bridges from the Reich: The Importance of Émigré Art Dealers as Reflected in the Case Studies of Curt Valentin and Otto Kallir– Nirenstein"
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans Henning Kunze: Restitution "Degenerate Art": Property Law and International Private Law. Walter de Gruyter, 2000, p. 46.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Buchholz, Karl |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German bookseller and art dealer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 26, 1901 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Goettingen |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 6, 1992 |
| Place of death | Bogotá |