Karl Friedrich Necker

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Karl Friedrich Necker , French Charles Frédéric Necker (born January 13, 1686 in Küstrin , Mark Brandenburg ; † 1762 in Geneva ), was a Prussian - Electorate of Hanover - Swiss lawyer , author and professor for German constitutional law at the University of Geneva and Grand Councilor of the Republic of Geneva .

Life

Necker was the son of Küstriner court attorney Samuel Necker, who came from a Lutheran pastor family from Brandenburg and Pomerania . In his second marriage, his father had married Margarete Sophrosine Labes von Labebach from Stettin . After studying law , Necker worked as an advocate for the Neumark government in Küstrin. In 1712 the local conditions had become too tight for him and the idea matured to gain a wider sphere of activity. About kinship contacts in Berlin , he managed the kurhannoverischen Chancellor Andreas Gottlieb von Bernstorff to Hofmeister proposed and of the employer, the Elector Georg Ludwig , for kurhannoverischen officials to be appointed. He accompanied Bernstorff's son on trips that not only led to various European courts, but also to the University of Geneva in 1713. When Elector Georg Ludwig ascended the British throne as George I in 1714 , Necker went to London , where he presumably worked in the German chancellery . Equipped with an annual pension and the task of running a pension and educational institution for young British people, he moved to Geneva (at the beginning of the 1720s) , where he received a professorship for German constitutional law at the University of Geneva on January 28, 1726 became a citizen of Geneva and was appointed to the Council of Two Hundred in 1734 . The later Landgrave Friedrich II of Hessen-Kassel was one of his students .

In his subject, Necker published the two-volume textbook Kurzer and Sources-derived lessons on constitutional law of the HR Reich, German nation , with JU Cramer's preface in 1740 and 1741 in Marburg . In 1740 he published the book Description du gouvernement présent du corps germanique appelé communément le Saint Empire romain . In 1742 this work was published under the title Etat prèsent de L'Empire in Geneva and London, and in the British capital in 1745 also in English translation under the title The Constitution and Government of the Germanic Body .

In Geneva, Necker married on January 7, 1726 Jeanne-Marie Gautier (1692-1756), a daughter of the Geneva syndic Pierre Gautier (1641-1724) and his wife Madeleine Gallatin (1655-1726). The couple had two sons, Louis Necker , who embarked on a scientific career in Geneva, and Jacques Necker , who later became Louis XVI's finance minister . should enter the big political stage. Necker's granddaughter, daughter of son Jacques and his wife Suzanne was the writer Germaine de Staël , whose daughter Albertine (1797-1839) in 1816, the French politician Victor de Broglie married and thus ancestress of famous personalities of this noble dynasty was . Necker's great-grandson, grandson of his son Louis, was the geologist Louis Albert Necker .

literature

  • Family history of Mr. von Necker. Royal French Minister of State. Along with casual remarks about his character and financial operations . Montagische Buchhandlung, Regensburg 1789, pp. 5 ff. ( Google Books ).
  • The Necker family . In: Contemporaries. Biographies and characteristics . Volume IV, FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1818, p. 69 ff. ( Google Books ).
  • Necker, Charles-Frédéric . In: Albert de Montet: Dictionnaire biographique des Genevois et des Vaudois . G. Bridel, Lausanne 1877/1878, p. 229 ( PDF ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Emil von Schickfus and Neudorff: Famous French people from the Oder beach . In: East German family studies . Volume 1, 1953-57, p. 270; corrected / supplemented by: Neumärkische Stammverbindungen , p. 7 ( PDF )
  2. ^ Sabine Appel: Madame de Staël. Empress of the Spirit. A biography . Verlag CH Beck, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-406-61729-4 , p. 12 ( Google Books )
  3. ↑ J. Christopher Herold: Mistress to an Age. A Life of Madame de Staël . Grove Press, New York 1958, ISBN 0-8021-3837-3 , p. 4 ( Google Books )
personal data
SURNAME Necker, Karl Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Necker, Charles Frédéric
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prussian-electoral Hanoverian-Swiss lawyer, author and university lecturer as well as councilor
DATE OF BIRTH January 13, 1686
PLACE OF BIRTH Küstrin , Mark Brandenburg
DATE OF DEATH 1762
Place of death Geneva