Karl Ipsberg

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Karl Ipsberg (* December 22, 1869 July / January 3,  1870 greg. On the Jaska farm in the former rural community of Suure-Kambja , Livonia Governorate ; † June 27, 1943 near Lesnoi , Kirov Oblast , Soviet Union ) was an Estonian civil engineer and Politician.

education

Karl Ipsberg was born as the son of farmers Jaan (1829-1889) and Liisa Ipsberg (née Laanes, 1837-1903). His respected father was also a parish judge.

Karl Ipsberg first attended the parish school of Kambja and then the German-language elementary school in Tartu , before he switched to the secondary school in Kambja in 1882. There he graduated from high school in 1888. From 1890 he was enrolled in the Riga Polytechnic , where he completed his studies as a civil engineer in 1897. Ipsberg was one of the founders of the Vironia Corporation in Riga in 1900 .

Railway construction in Russia

The Russian Empire at that time experienced a period of economic recovery, among other things, by the railway construction and the development of Siberia was born. From 1898 to 1911 Ipsberg was employed in various functions in the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway , including from 1898 to 1905 on Lake Baikal . In 1901 in Austria, Italy and Switzerland he received further training in railway and tunnel construction in mountain regions. Subsequently, he was head of the railways in the Smolensk region and curator at the local railway school. In 1911 he returned to Estonia as a wealthy man. In 1912 he was given the title of court counselor by the Russian Empire.

From 1911 to 1913, Ipsberg directed the prestigious construction projects of the Estonia National Opera Theater and Concert Hall in the Estonian capital, Tallinn, and of the main building of the Tallinn Credit Bank ( Tallinna Vastastikuse Krediidiühisus ) from 1913 to 1917 . In 1913 he founded his own construction and engineering office in Tallinn, the Ehitus- ja tehnikakontor ins. K. Ipsberg & Rosmann . Until 1917 he was involved in the construction of important Tallinn factories, in particular for the Russian-Baltic shipyards ( Vene-Balti Laevaehituse yes Mehaanika Aktsiaseltsi Tallinna Laevaehitustehas ) and Noblessner as well as for the electrical company Volta .

Ipsberg was one of the founders of the Estonian Engineering Society ( Eesti Tehnika Selts ) in 1918 . In the autumn of 1918 he was elected the first head of the engineering school of the Estonian Engineering Society, today's Tallinn University of Technology , whose first rector is Ipsberg.

In independent Estonia

In the power vacuum of the First World War , the Republic of Estonia proclaimed its independence in February 1918. The country remained occupied by German troops until November 1918. At the end of 1918, the (provisional) Estonian Transport Minister Ferdinand Peterson commissioned his confidante Karl Ipsberg to build the railways in the young Estonian democracy. Numerous locomotives and wagons as well as track systems and bridges had been taken away or destroyed by Russian and German troops.

With the outbreak of the War of Independence against Soviet Russia in November 1918, a functioning railway network also assumed special strategic military importance. The use of armored trains and the rapid relocation of troops played an important role in the fighting. Ipsberg turned out to be a skilled planner and organizer. In 1920 he participated as an expert in the peace negotiations with Soviet Russia.

With the independence of the Republic of Estonia, Ipsberg became involved in party politics. He joined the "Estonian Rural People's Union " ( Eesti Maarahva Liit ) founded in 1917 , which a little later became part of the Farmers' Union ( Põllumeeste Kogud ) under the charismatic Konstantin Päts . The national-conservative party mainly represented the interests of the large agrarians and industrialists. Ipsberg was elected to the Constituent Assembly of the Republic of Estonia ( Asutav Kogu ) in 1919 and was a member of the first and second legislative periods of the Estonian Parliament ( Riigikogu ) from 1920 to 1926 .

From December 1921 to November 1922 Ipsberg was Minister of Transport (as well as acting Minister of Trade and Industry) in the coalition government of Prime Minister Konstantin Päts . He held the same office from November 1922 to August 1923 in the cabinet under Prime Minister Juhan Kukk and then until November 1923 in Pat's second cabinet .

At the same time, Karl Ipsberg was active as an entrepreneur, albeit with varying degrees of success. From 1919 to 1923 he was a co-owner of the Atlanta trading company and from 1924 to 1931 a partner in the forestry stock corporation Lignum . He was also in charge of the construction of prestige objects such as the Gloria Palace cinema in Tallinn and the cellulose factory in Kehra .

At the same time, he held leading positions in the Estonian Railway. In autumn 1924, under Ipsberg's aegis, an electrified line was put into operation in the Baltic States for the first time on the Tallinn – Tapa line. From 1928 to 1933 Ipsberg was head of the Estonian Railway Construction Office. At the same time, he was committed to engineering training in Estonia.

Deportation and death

After the Soviet occupation of Estonia Karl Ipsberg and his family were inside the Soviet Union on June 14, 1941 deported . The NKVD initially sentenced him to death. In December 1942 the sentence was "reduced" to ten years in prison. Karl Ipsberg died on June 27, 1943 in a gulag near the Lesnoi settlement in Kirov Oblast .

Private life

Ipsberg was married to the pianist Lydia Angelika Kindsvater (1884–1945) since 1903. His wife was born in Saratow and came from a Volga German entrepreneurial family. The couple had four children, including the sculptor Aleksander Ipsberg (1909–1944).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ militaar.net
personal data
SURNAME Ipsberg, Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Estonian civil engineer and politician, member of the Riigikogu
DATE OF BIRTH January 3, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Jaska farm, Suure-Kambja rural community , Livonia Governorate
DATE OF DEATH June 27, 1943
Place of death near Lesnoi, Kirov Oblast , Soviet Union