Karl Schumacher

This article deals with the archaeologist Karl Schumacher. For other people see Carl Schumacher .

Karl Emil Martin Schumacher (born October 14, 1860 in Dühren ; † April 17, 1934 in Bad Mergentheim ) was a German provincial Roman archaeologist , route commissioner of the Reich Limes Commission in Baden and from 1901 first director of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum in Mainz.

Life

Schumacher was born in Dühren in 1860 as the son of the economist Emil Schumacher and his wife Elise Friederike Ludwina and as the grandson of the pastor Karl Heinrich Schumacher, who was in Dühren from 1842 to 1859. After high school and high school in Heidelberg , he studied philology and classical archeology in Heidelberg , Bonn and Freiburg im Breisgau . He received his doctorate in Heidelberg in 1886. He then worked as a high school teacher in Konstanz and Bruchsal .

Karl Schumacher's birthplace in Karl-Schumacher-Strasse in Sinsheim-Dühren

Karl Schumacher's grave

Even as a young boy, Karl Wilhelmi's excavations in the area around his birthplace in Dühren are said to have inspired him for archeology. As a young man he went on research trips to France, Italy, Greece, southern Russia, Asia Minor and North Africa. In 1887 he became an assistant at the Grand Ducal Collections in Karlsruhe, and in 1892 route commissioner for the Imperial Limes Research for Baden. In 1894 he was awarded the title of professor by Grand Duke Friedrich I. In 1901 he became the first director of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum in Mainz , for which he then worked for 25 years. He expanded the scope of the museum from four to 27 exhibition rooms and published 297 works under his name, in addition to many catalogs, in particular the three-volume work Settlement and Cultural History of the Rhineland .

In 1926 he retired and for health reasons moved to Bad Mergentheim , where he founded the Mergentheimer Heimatblätter before he died in 1934. He is buried in the old cemetery in Bad Mergentheim.

Schumacher was a knight of the Baden Order of the Zähringer Lion 1st Class, the Grand Ducal Hessian Order of Merit 1st Class, holder of the Prussian Red Eagle Order III. Class and honorary doctor of engineering from Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences . In 1933 he also received the Goethe Medal for Art and Science from the Reich President. He became an honorary citizen in his home village of Dühren and there the street in which the house where he was born was named after him.

Fonts (selection)

He has published around 300 publications on the settlement and cultural history of southwest Germany.

• De republica Rhodiorum commentatio. Winter, Heidelberg 1886 (dissertation).
• Description of the collection of ancient bronzes. United Grand Ducal Collections in Karlsruhe. Bielefeld, Karlsruhe 1890.
• A prenestinian box in the Karlsruhe Museum. Siebert, Heidelberg 1891.
• The Osterburken fort. In: The Upper German-Raetian Limes of the Roman Empire . Dept. B, Vol. 5, 1. Petters, Heidelberg 1895.
• Fort Oberscheidenthal. In: The Upper German-Raetian Limes of the Roman Empire. Dept. B, Vol. 5.1. Petters, Heidelberg 1897.
• The forts near Neckarburken. In: The Upper German-Raetian Limes of the Roman Empire. Dept. B, Vol. 5.1. Petters, Heidelberg 1898.
• The fort near Schlossau. In: The Upper German-Raetian Limes of the Roman Empire. Dept. B, Vol. 5.1. Petters, Heidelberg 1900.
• Fort and vicus near Wimpfen. In: The Upper German-Raetian Limes of the Roman Empire. Dept. B, Vol. 5.1. Petters, Heidelberg 1900.
• On the settlement history of the right-hand Rhine valley between Basel and Mainz. Zabern, Mainz 1902.
• The Roman road network and settlement system in Rheinhessen. Lintz, Trier 1905.
• List of casts and more important photographs with Germanic representations. Wilcken, Mainz 1909 (= catalogs of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum 1).
• List of casts and more important photographs depicting Gauls. Wilcken, Mainz 1911 (= catalogs of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum 3).
• Materials on the settlement history of Germany. Wilckens, Mainz 1913.
• Gallic and Germanic tribes and cultures in the Upper and Middle Rhine area to the later La Tène period. In: Prehistoric Journal. 6, 3/4, 1914, pp. 230-292.
• Settlement and cultural history of the Rhineland from prehistoric times to the Middle Ages. 3 volumes. Wilckens, Mainz 1921, 1923, 1925. Digitized
• Agriculture in pre-Roman and Roman times. Wilckens, Mainz 1922.
• Appearance and costume of the Teutons in Roman times. Wilckens, Mainz 1922.
• The land between the Neckar and Main in the Alemannic and Frankish times. District museum Buchen, Buchen 1926 (= Between Neckar and Main 9).
• Dühren near Sinsheim ad Elsenz. Pictures from the more than 5000 year history of a settlement in the Neckar hill country. Doll, Sinsheim 1931.

literature

• Directorate of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum in Mainz (ed.): Schumacher-Festschrift. On the occasion of Karl Schumacher's 70th birthday, October 14, 1930. Wilckens, Mainz 1930.
• Käthe Zimmermann-Ebert: Large district town Sinsheim - around the Steinsberg. Sinsheim 1990.

Web links

Wikisource: Karl Schumacher  - Sources and full texts

• Literature by and about Karl Schumacher in the catalog of the German National Library