Karsten Middeldorp

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Middeldorps coat of arms with house brand , cannon and bell
Bronze plate of the epitaph from 1562

Karsten Middeldorp , also Christian , Medeldorp , Milddedorp († before Easter 1561 in Lübeck ) was a German piece and bell caster in the service of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck.

life and work

It can be proven from 1543 in Lübeck by a gun cast that year. Lübeck had a casting house on the Lastadie directly on the Trave from at least 1546 . After 1558, Middeldorp acquired the tools from master Gert van Mervelt from Flensburg , who had cast a pulse bell for St. Mary's Church in 1546 . Mervelt worked in Lübeck from 1542 to 1547 and the 19th century Lübeck custodian Theodor Hach suspected that Middeldorp might have been his journeyman and that he might have introduced the formal language of the Renaissance. A few bells from Middeldorp have survived, while the numerous guns he cast from 1543 to 1560 are documented in the files, but apart from one, they have not survived.

Lion of Reval (left) in St. Petersburg (2015)

At the museum in the fortification tower Kiek in de Kok in Tallinn is the Lion of Reval copy of a 1559 Middeldorp cast and signed ceremonial cannon weighing 2,375 kilograms, derives its name from the decorative relief of a lion and the two coat of arms of Reval is shown as an order from the city to the Lübeck foundry. The relief portrait shows Reval's main enemy at the time, Ivan the Terrible . The original gun has been in the Artillery Museum in Saint Petersburg since 1800 . It says on the cannon:

"LET THE LOWEN // NOMEN ME VAN REVEL DAT // TO SPALDE I ERE FIENDE // SOL DE DAR NOT WANT // DAT SE IM FEDE LEVEN // LEN ANNO 1559 IAR GOET // MI KARSTEN MIDDEL // DORP DAT IS WAS. NE "

Middeldorp is listed in the finance journal from 1550 to 1561 with its quarterly payments as busßenschutten or buscengeter , with the last payment for the first quarter of 1561 at Easter, which was already made to his wife. In 1553 he is named as the owner of a house in Grosse Burgstrasse that had previously belonged to the bell founder Heinrich von Kampen (modern house number : 47). In 1560 he bought a grave in the Jakobikirche for himself and his heirs . His tombstone has not been preserved, the formerly embedded brass tombstone in the style of the Lübeck early Renaissance now hangs on a pillar. It shows Middeldorp's house brand over bell and cannon, as inscriptions Bible verses in Low German and the year 1562, so no dates of Middeldorp's life. It is therefore believed that it was made by his successor, the Lübeck council founder Matthias Benningk .

Overview of the bells cast by Karsten Middeldorp
year place Surname Weight in kg Diameter in mm Nominal comment
1548 St. Jürgen Chapel 860 oldest post-Reformation bell in Lübeck with an ornamental frieze and two-row inscription in the free-standing wooden belfry south of the chapel
1548 Astrup, Aalborg Office 810
1550 Vestermarie, Åkirkeby Municipality , Bornholm 1150
1554 Stokkemark at Nakskov 920
1555 Trinity Church Mitau Cracked and cast in 1729
1559 St. Andreas (Lübeck) Confession bell 650
1553 City church Heiligenhafen Melted down in 1901

literature

  • Johannes Baltzer , Friedrich Bruns: The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Issued by the building authorities. Volume III: Church of Old Lübeck. Dom. Jakobikirche. Aegidia Church. Verlag von Bernhard Nöhring, Lübeck 1920, p. 422 ff. Unchanged reprint 2001: ISBN 3-89557-167-9
  • Hartwig Beseler: Art-Topography Schleswig-Holstein . Neumünster 1974, p. 159
  • Theodor Hach : Beginnings of the Renaissance in Lübeck. Rahtgens, Lübeck 1889.
  • Theodor Hach: Lübeck bell customer. Max Schmidt, Lübeck 1913 (publications on the history of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck 2), pp. 209–211
  • Günter Meyer: Bronze cannons from Lübeck - production and trade of the council founders. In: Zeitschrift für Lübeckische Geschichte , Volume 96 (2016), pp. 143–163 (p. 149)
  • Johannes Warncke: Middeldorp, Karsten . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 24 : Mandere – Möhl . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1930, p. 535 .

Web links

Commons : Karsten Middeldorp  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hach: Beginnings of the Renaissance in Lübeck , p. 26.
  2. ^ Only three in Denmark: cf. Hans Nyholm: Kirkeklokker i Danmark.
  3. ↑ Sergei Bogatyrev: Bronze Tsars: Ivan the Terrible and Fedor Ivanovich in the Décor of Modern Guns.
  4. ↑ Linnamuuseum.ee (in English)
  5. ↑ Revelskii lev cannon Russian Artillery Museum ( Memento of 18 November 2010 at the Internet Archive ), accessed 19 June 2010
  6. ^ Theodor Hach: The beginnings of the Renaissance in Lübeck. P. 27 (Fig. Plate 27); Fig. Also in BuK III (1920), p. 423.
  7. ↑ ( Job 19.25-26  LUT ), ( Col 3.3-4  LUT )
  8. ↑ Hach, Lübecker Glockenkunde , p. 82
  9. ↑ Nyholm No. 97
  10. ↑ Nyholm No. 3540
  11. ↑ Nyholm No. 2923
personal data
SURNAME Middeldorp, Karsten
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Medeldorp, Karsten; Milddedorp, Karsten; Middeldorp, Christian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German gun and bell founder
DATE OF BIRTH uncertain: 16th century
DATE OF DEATH 1561
Place of death Lübeck